scholarly journals The Role of Implicit Models in Solving Verbal Problems in Multiplication and Division

1985 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efraim Fischbein ◽  
Maria Deri ◽  
Maria Sainat Nello ◽  
Maria Sciolis Marino
Keyword(s):  
Word Problems ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Ninth Grade ◽  
Behavioral Models ◽  
Grade Levels ◽  
Decimal Number ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Division Model

Arithmetical operations were assumed to remain attached to primitive behavioral models that influence tacitly the choice of an operation even after the learner has had solid formal-algorithmic training. The model for multiplication was conjectured to be repeated addition, and two primitive models (partitive and quotative) were seen as linked to division. A total of 623 pupils enrolled in 13 Italian schools (Grades 5, 7, and 9) were asked to choose the operation needed to solve 26 multiplication and division word problems. Violations by the numerical data of the constraints imposed by the assumed tacit models (for instance, when the operator was a decimal number) constituted particular sources of difficulty at all three grade levels. The findings seemed to confirm the impact of the repeated addition model on multiplication and of the partitive model on division. The quotative division model influenced the pupils' choices only at the ninth-grade level.

Readability of Waiver of Liability Forms Used in Collegiate Intramural and Recreational Sports Programs

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin J. White ◽  
Bradley J. Cardinal
Keyword(s):  
Grade Level ◽  
Ninth Grade ◽  
Reading Level ◽  
Recreational Sports ◽  
Intended Audience ◽  
Moderating Variables ◽  
Grade Levels ◽  
Sports Programs ◽  
Micro Power ◽  
Grade Reading Level

Waiver of liability forms should be written at a reading level consistent with that of the intended audience. On average, students read three grade levels below the last grade they completed in school. Therefore, waivers should be written no higher then the ninth-grade level. The main goal of this study was to assess the reading level of intramural and recreational sport waiver of liability forms, compared to the ninth-grade level. Nine NIRSA member schools and nine non-NIRSA member schools were randomly selected from each of NIRSA's six regions. Readability was assessed using the Readability Calculation software (Micro Power & Light, Dallas, TX) for MacIntosh. A one-sample t-test was performed to compare the forms to the ninth-grade reading level. Forms were written significantly higher than the ninth-grade level (t[26]=14.53, p<.0001). An analysis of variance was performed to assess possible moderating variables. No significant differences were found. Font size was also measured, and forms were found to have been written at a significantly higher level then the recommended 12-point font (t[28]=-2.88, p<.01). This study brings into question the efficacy of waiver of liability forms used in many collegiate/university intramural and recreational sports programs.

Low Tech, 198, And The Geometry Of The Calculator Keys

1990 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
Alan Zollman
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Upper Elementary ◽  
Problem Posing ◽  
National Council ◽  
Interesting Aspect ◽  
Grade Levels ◽  
School Classroom ◽  
The Impact

The National Council of Teachers of Mathematics recommends that … mathematics programs take full advantage of the power of calculators and computers at all grade levels” (NCTM 1980, 8). Somehow, without meaning to, the calculator has taken a subsidiary role to the computer in the implementation of NCTM's An Anemia for Action recommendation. High technology is getting the majority of education's emphasis, while low technology, namely the calculator, is not having the impact that it could in the elementary school. This situation prevails despite the fact that 98 percent of this country's population uses calculators in everyday mathematics applications (Saunders 1980). It is time to reaffirm the viable role of the calculator in mathematics education (NCTM 1987). This article presents an interesting aspect of the geometrical array of the keys on a calculator that can be turned into a problem-solving, problem-posing situation for the upper elementary or middle school classroom. Read this article with a calculator in hand.

scholarly journals The Impact of Brand Rejuvenation on Consumer Purchase Intention: Brand Attitude as Mediator

2017 ◽  
Vol II (I) ◽  
pp. 197-210
Author(s):  
Neelam Akbar ◽  
Alam Zeb ◽  
Shabir Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
Brand Attitude ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Consumer Purchase Intention ◽  
The Impact

The rationale of the study lies in investigating the role of brand rejuvenation on consumer purchase intention, it also emphasizes digging the mediating effects of brand attitude on brand rejuvenation and consumer purchase intentions. Quantitative research was carried out for understanding the rationale behind consumer brand preferences, their attitude, and purchase intentions. This study employed positivism; deductive approach in which collected quantitative and numerical data were tabulated and analyzed statistically in order to facilitate and test the detail set of hypotheses for the purpose of reaching objective truth. SPSS computer software was employed along with multiple regression and correlation analysis were carried out for testing and checking hypotheses and model fitness respectively. Dual statistical techniques i.e. Barron and Kenny’s (1986) and Preacher and Hayes (2008) were applied for checking mediation effects of the study. All the variables were significantly correlated with each other which clearly indicates the importance of brand rejuvenation, brand attitude and purchase intentions.

scholarly journals Digital school: Searching for Explanatory Models. Part 1

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 62-79
Author(s):  
Sergei Alevtinovich Smirnov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Behavioral Model ◽  
Basic Mechanism ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Explanatory Model ◽  
Behavioral Models ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The purpose of this study was to analyze L. S. Vygotsky’s cultural-historical psychology from the perspective of distinguishing the structure of the act of development within its framework and understanding its explanatory potential as a whole. This analysis enables to clarify and understand the essence of the digital and virtual shift. Moreover, it is required in order to overcome the limitations associated with the currently dominant behavioral models, which are used by researchers in their attempts to explain and describe the phenomenon of the influence of digital technologies on people, in particular, on schoolchildren and students. Materials and Methods. The paper considers the concept derived from L. S. Vygotsky’s cultural-historical psychology, which is proposed to be adopted as a basic one in order to build an explanatory model used by the author to describe and comprehend the phenomenon of transformation of the human development process in the new reality of the digital environment. Results. The article introduces the basic principles and provisions, the explanatory model is built on, concerning the role of symbolic-instrumental mediation in human development, the role of an adult as a mediator, the structure of the act of thinking and the act of development, the basic mechanism of mastering a person's behavior, which permeates the formation of higher mental functions. The author compares this explanatory model and the behavioral model used in most modern research investigations that examine the impact of digital technologies on schoolchildren and students. Conclusions. The findings show that the student is presented in the behavioral model as a passive reactive being that reacts to external stimuli. In this sense, a human being is not treated as a personality with highest abilities, but is considered as a function. The proposed model cannot be used to explain and comprehend modern development processes.

The impact of eco-label to consumer attitude and green purchase intention in agricultural products: A theoretical approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thu Ha ◽  
Le Trung Hieu ◽  
Vu Tra My
Keyword(s):  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Consumer Attitude ◽  
Behavioral Models ◽  
Green Consumption ◽  
Value Perception ◽  
The Impact

Environmental pollution and green consumption trends are changing the intention of consumers' choices and purchases. Ecological labels form the role of stimulating acts of purchasing environmentally friendly products and transmitting green product messages. Based on synthetic of intentional behavioral models and theory, the paper proposes an analytical framework using four elements (ecological label knowledge, belief, value perception, environmental concern) to analyze the effect of eco-labels on consumer attitudes and green purchase intention of agricultural products.

scholarly journals The Impact of Brand Rejuvenation on Consumer Purchase Intention: Brand Attitude as Mediator

2017 ◽  
Vol II (I) ◽  
pp. 197-210
Author(s):  
Neelam Akbar ◽  
Alam Zeb ◽  
Shabir Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
Brand Attitude ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Consumer Purchase Intention ◽  
The Impact

The rationale of the study lies in investigating the role of brand rejuvenation on consumer purchase intention, it also emphasizes digging the mediating effects of brand attitude on brand rejuvenation and consumer purchase intentions. Quantitative research was carried out for understanding the rationale behind consumer brand preferences, their attitude, and purchase intentions. This study employed positivism; deductive approach in which collected quantitative and numerical data were tabulated and analyzed statistically in order to facilitate and test the detail set of hypotheses for the purpose of reaching objective truth. SPSS computer software was employed along with multiple regression and correlation analysis were carried out for testing and checking hypotheses and model fitness respectively. Dual statistical techniques i.e. Barron and Kenny’s (1986) and Preacher and Hayes (2008) were applied for checking mediation effects of the study. All the variables were significantly correlated with each other which clearly indicates the importance of brand rejuvenation, brand attitude and purchase intentions.

Intergroup Threat and Outgroup Attitudes

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 311-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Brambilla ◽  
David A. Butz
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Welfare Recipients ◽  
Intergroup Attitudes ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Intergroup Threat ◽  
Economic Threat ◽  
The Impact ◽  
General Climate

Two studies examined the impact of macrolevel symbolic threat on intergroup attitudes. In Study 1 (N = 71), participants exposed to a macrosymbolic threat (vs. nonsymbolic threat and neutral topic) reported less support toward social policies concerning gay men, an outgroup whose stereotypes implies a threat to values, but not toward welfare recipients, a social group whose stereotypes do not imply a threat to values. Study 2 (N = 78) showed that, whereas macrolevel symbolic threat led to less favorable attitudes toward gay men, macroeconomic threat led to less favorable attitudes toward Asians, an outgroup whose stereotypes imply an economic threat. These findings are discussed in terms of their implications for understanding the role of a general climate of threat in shaping intergroup attitudes.

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