Study on food consumption parameters of Spodoptera litura (Fab.) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) on different Bt cotton hybrid plant parts

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 529
Author(s):  
G.B. Supriya ◽  
T.V.K. Singh ◽  
V. Sunitha ◽  
S.K. Vinod
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Hybrid Plant ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Cotton Hybrid

Evaluation of biochemical defense response to Spodoptera litura infestation in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genotypes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arslan Hafeez ◽  
Samina Jam Nazeer Ahmad ◽  
Jam Nazeer Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Imran Tipu ◽  
Tanwir Ahmad Malik
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Herbivore Damage ◽  
Chlorophyll Pigments ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Cotton Genotypes

Abstract Background: The cotton armyworm (Spodoptera litura) is one of the most devastating pests of many economically important crops including cotton which cause substantial yield losses due to its feeding pattern on leaves and other plant parts. Plants respond to herbivore damage through an array of defense responses to ensure their survival. This study was aimed to appraise biochemical defense responses of cotton genotypes to S. litura infestation.Methods: Two Bt cotton cultivars namely Bt-886 and CIM-622 and one non-Bt PB-896 cultivar were used in the study. The experiment was conducted in greenhouse conditions. Leaf samples for biochemical analysis were collected after 24 hrs of infestation by third instar larvae.Results: Data revealed that infestation caused significant reduction in chlorophyll pigments of all cultivars. Infestation caused a marked increase in hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde concentrations as well as activities of various antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase. The levels of other secondary metabolites such as phenolics, proline and glycine betaine were also found to be higher after infestation.Conclusion: Among the cotton cultivars, cv. PB-896 was found to be considerably resistant to pest attack due to an efficient antioxidant system, lower chlorophyll degradation, and lesser accumulation of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde that manifested minimal oxidative injury.

scholarly journals Need for growing non-Bt cotton refugia to overcome Bt resistance problem in targeted larvae of the cotton bollworms, Helicoverpa armigera and Pectinophora gossypiella

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rafiq Shahid ◽  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
Muhammad Shakeel ◽  
Misbah Ashraf ◽  
Zia Ullah Zia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Pectinophora Gossypiella ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Insect Larvae ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Arthropod Species ◽  
Bt Resistance ◽  
American Bollworm ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera

Abstract Background The effectiveness of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton against target arthropod larvae is decreasing day by day. The comparative effect of Bt expression among Bt cotton varieties and different plant parts was observed against the cotton bollworms: Helicoverpa armigera and Pectinophora gossypiella larvae. Results In the present study, larval mortality of H. armigera was higher than P. gossypiella among selected Bt cultivars. Median lethal concentration (LC50) values were 8.91, 13.4, 14.0, and 36.4 for P. gossypiella, while 5.91, 4.04, 2.37, and 8.26 for H. armigera of FH-142, MNH-886, IR-3701, and FH-Lalazar, respectively. These values depicted that P. gossypiella had more Bt resistance problem than H. armigera larvae. The host range of both targeted insect larvae was different from each other due to the polyphagous feeding nature of the larvae of H. armigera that feed on different host plants, but P. gossypiella attacked only cotton with monophagous feeding habit. It was also notable from results that Bt expression in reproductive parts where the attacked pink bollworm was lower than the American bollworm, so the former had the maximum chance of resistance due to repeated exposure to Bt. Conclusions It was concluded that farmers be advised to follow the practice of growing non-Bt as a refuge crop to reduce the problem of Bt resistance in the target arthropod species.

Effect of sowing date, row spacing and orientation on growth and yield of Bt cotton hybrid in southwest Punjab

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-450
Author(s):  
Abhishek Dhir ◽  
Raj Kumar Pal ◽  
P.K. Kingra ◽  
S.K. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Sowing Date ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Bt Cotton ◽  
Cotton Hybrid

scholarly journals Bioaktivitas Formulasi Minyak Biji Azadirachta indica (A. Juss) terhadap Spodoptera litura F.

Agrikultura ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raden Arif Malik Ramadhan ◽  
Lindung Tri Puspasari ◽  
Rika Meliansyah ◽  
Rani Maharani ◽  
Yusup Hidayat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Oil Formulation ◽  
Neem Seed Oil ◽  
Test Insect

ABSTRACTBioactivity Formulation of Seed Neem Oil Azadirachta indica (A.Juss) against Spodoptera litura (F)The purpose of this research was to know the influence of neem seed extract formulation (Azadin 50 EC) on the mortality, larvae development, larvae weight, and food consumption of Armyworm (Spodoptera litura). This research used randomized complete design with 6 treatments and 5 replications, i.e. control, formula at concentration of 0.2%, 0.4%; 0.8%; 1.6%; and 3.2%. Correlation of concentration neem seed oil formulation and mortality of test insect was analysed using probit analysis, weight of test larvae presented in mean and standard deviation, and development time and food consumption of test larvae analysed with analysis of varians. Formula Azadin 50 EC had LC50 value of 0.659% (0.550-0.781%) at 12 days after treatment. The mortality increased significantly in pupae stage that caused LC50 value become 0.152%. The formula prolonged development time, decrease the weight of test insect and decrease food consumption by the larvae.Keywords: Lethal concentration, Mortality, Growth derangement, ExtractABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari perlakuan formulasi minyak biji mimba Azadin 50 EC terhadap mortalitas, perkembangan larva, bobot larva dan konsumsi pakan ulat grayak (Spodoptera litura F.). Metode Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 perlakuan dengan 5 kali ulangan. Perlakuan tersebut yaitu : Kontrol, konsentrasi formula minyak mimba Azadin 50 EC 0,2%; 0,4%; 0,8%; 1,6% dan 3,2%. Hubungan mortalitas dengan konsentrasi formula dianalisis menggunakan analisis probit, sedangkan data bobot larva, konsumsi pakan dan waktu perkembangan larva dianalisis dengan sidik ragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formula minyak biji A. Indica memiliki nilai LC50 sebesar 0,659% (0,550-0,781%) terhadap larva instar 2 hingga instar 4. Pada fase pupa kematian kembali meningkat tajam sehingga nilai LC50 menjadi 0,152%. Perlakuan formula tersebut mengakibatkan perpanjangan waktu perkembangan, menurunkan bobot, dan menurunkan konsumsi pakan larva uji.Kata Kunci: Konsentrasi letal, Mortalitas, Gangguan perkembangan, Ekstrak

In-vitro assessment of food consumption, utilization indices and losses promises of leafworm, Spodoptera litura (Fab.), on okra crop

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
Ahmad Nawaz ◽  
Habib Ali ◽  
Muhammad Sufyan ◽  
Muhammad Dildar Gogi ◽  
Muhammad Jalal Arif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
In Vitro Assessment

scholarly journals The test of suren (Toona sureni) leaf extract potential as insecticide of grayak caterpillar

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
ESTRI NOVIANA ◽  
SHOLAHUDDIN SHOLAHUDDIN ◽  
SRI WIDADI
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Growth Inhibitor ◽  
Soybean Plant ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Soybean Plants

Noviana E, Sholahuddin, Widadi S. 2012. The test of suren (Toona sureni) leaf extract potential as insecticide of grayak caterpillar (Spodoptera litura) on soybean. Biofarmasi 10: 46-53. Grayak caterpillar (Spodoptera litura F.) is an important pest in the most of food crops (polyphagous). The control of S. litura generally still uses the chemical insecticides that negatively affect the environment and ecosystem. One of the ways of environmentally friendly control was with vegetable insecticides. Suren (Toona sureni Blume) has an opportunity to be used as plant-based insecticide because of the abundant presence. Suren acts as an insect repellent. Suren contains surenone, surenin and surenolactone that act as repellent, growth inhibitor, insecticide and anti-feedant. This study aimed to determine the effect of suren leaf extract on S. litura and soybean (Glycine max L.) crops. This research was conducted in FebruaryMay 2011 at the Laboratory of Plant Pest and Disease and the Greenhouse of Faculty of Agriculture, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta. This study used a Completely Randomized Design with five treatments repeated in three times. Data were analyzed by F-test at 5% of significance level and a Duncan test. Suren leaf was extracted with water then made in concentrations of 50%; 25%; 12.5%; 6.25% and 0%. In the laboratory test, it was used a leaf dip method. The treatment was conducted in the first 24 hours, then it was used the feed without the treatment and observed until the next generation. In the field test, larvae was invested in plants one day before the treatment for an adaptation. Observation was conducted up to seven days after application. The results showed that the application of suren leaf extract up to 50% concentration had not been able to cause the death of S. litura larvae. The suren leaf extract was toxic to S. litura, indicated by the emphasis of eating activity of S. litura, so that the damage caused to be lower and reduced the level of fertility and fecundity so that it could reduce the population of S. litura in the next generation. The application of suren leaf extract in soybean plant by a spray method showed the results that a low concentration extract (6.25%) was more effective to suppress the damage up to 51%. The texture of a high concentration extract was so thick, so that it was unable to spread to the plant parts and formed clumps that fall to the ground, because the leaves were unable to support the fluid clumps of extract. The application of suren leaf extract caused the phytotoxic symptoms in soybean plants with increasing concentration.

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