Bioefficacy of Azadirachta indica and Nerium oleander on Spodoptera litura

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-238
Author(s):  
M. Senthilkumar ◽  
M. Pazhanisamy ◽  
V. Sathyaseelan
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Nerium Oleander

scholarly journals Bioaktivitas Campuran Ekstrak Biji Barringtonia asiatica L. (Kurz.) (Lecythidaceae) dan Getah Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Meliaceae) terhadap Larva Spodoptera litura F. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Agrikultura ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indah Meutia Arisanti ◽  
Danar Dono
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
Feeding Method ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Insecticidal Toxicity ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

ABSTRACTBioactivity of mixed seed extract of Barringtonia asiatica l. (kurz.) (lecythidaceae) and sap of Azadirachtaindica A. Juss. (meliaceae) against larvae of Spodoptera litura f. (lepidoptera: noctuidae)Barringtonia asiatica and Azadirachta indica are known to have variety of chemical compounds that haspotency to be developed as botanical pesticides. The study aimed to determine insecticidal toxicity of B.asiatica seed extract and A. indica sap and their mixture. The experiment was carried out in the Laboratoryof Pesticides and Application Technology, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture,Universitas Padjadjaran. The experiments were conducted either on toxicity test of the seed extract of B.asiatica and the sap of A. indica singly or their mixture based on the comparison of LC95. Toxicity testing wasperformed using a leaf-residue feeding method on the instar I of Spodoptera litura larvae. The resultsshowed that seed extractof B.asiatica has a moderate toxicity to S.liturawith the LC50 value of 0.491% andaffected body weight of the larvae. The sap of A.indicahas had slightly low toxicity with the LC50 value of1.310%. The mixture of B. asiatica seed extract and A. Indica sap (based on ratio of 4.1%of B. asiaticacompare to 4.9% of A. Indica) has LC50 value of 0.970% (slightly low toxicity) and the LC95 value of 15.99%that was antagonistic on the LC95 level with Cotoxicity Ratio value of 0.23% on 12 days after treatment.Keywords: Cotoxicity ratio, independent joint action, Barringtonia asiatica, Azadirachta indica, SpodopteralituraABSTRAKBarringtonia asiatica dan Azadirachta indica diketahui memiliki berbagai senyawa kimia yang berpotensidikembangkan sebagai pestisida nabati. Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui toksisitas ekstrak biji B.asiatica dan getah A. indica serta campurannya telah dilakukan di Laboraturium Pestisida dan TeknikAplikasi, Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran.Penelitian meliputi uji toksisitas ekstrak biji B. asiatica dan getah A.indica secara tunggal, dan pengujiancampuran ekstrak biji B. asiatica dan getah A.indica berdasarkan pada perbandingan LC95. Pengujiantoksisitas dilakukan dengan metode celup pakan pada larva instar I Spodoptera litura. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa ekstrak biji B. asiatica bersifat toksik sedang terhadap S. litura dengan nilai LC50sebesar 0,491% dan berpengaruh terhadap bobot basah larva. Getah A. indica bersifat toksik ringan dengannilai LC50 1,310%. Campuran ekstrak biji B. asiatica dan getah A. indica berdasarkan rasio 4,1% B. asiaticaberbanding 4,9% A. indica memiliki LC50 sebesar 0,970% (toksisitas ringan) dengan LC95 sebesar 15,99% dandinyatakan bersifat antagonis pada LC95 dengan nilai Nisbah Kotoksisitas 0,23% pada 12 hari setelahaplikasi.Kata kunci: Nisbah Kotoksisitas, Kerja bersama bebas, Barringtonia asiatica, Azadirachta indica, Spodopteralitura

scholarly journals Bioaktivitas Formulasi Minyak Biji Azadirachta indica (A. Juss) terhadap Spodoptera litura F.

Agrikultura ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raden Arif Malik Ramadhan ◽  
Lindung Tri Puspasari ◽  
Rika Meliansyah ◽  
Rani Maharani ◽  
Yusup Hidayat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Oil Formulation ◽  
Neem Seed Oil ◽  
Test Insect

ABSTRACTBioactivity Formulation of Seed Neem Oil Azadirachta indica (A.Juss) against Spodoptera litura (F)The purpose of this research was to know the influence of neem seed extract formulation (Azadin 50 EC) on the mortality, larvae development, larvae weight, and food consumption of Armyworm (Spodoptera litura). This research used randomized complete design with 6 treatments and 5 replications, i.e. control, formula at concentration of 0.2%, 0.4%; 0.8%; 1.6%; and 3.2%. Correlation of concentration neem seed oil formulation and mortality of test insect was analysed using probit analysis, weight of test larvae presented in mean and standard deviation, and development time and food consumption of test larvae analysed with analysis of varians. Formula Azadin 50 EC had LC50 value of 0.659% (0.550-0.781%) at 12 days after treatment. The mortality increased significantly in pupae stage that caused LC50 value become 0.152%. The formula prolonged development time, decrease the weight of test insect and decrease food consumption by the larvae.Keywords: Lethal concentration, Mortality, Growth derangement, ExtractABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari perlakuan formulasi minyak biji mimba Azadin 50 EC terhadap mortalitas, perkembangan larva, bobot larva dan konsumsi pakan ulat grayak (Spodoptera litura F.). Metode Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 perlakuan dengan 5 kali ulangan. Perlakuan tersebut yaitu : Kontrol, konsentrasi formula minyak mimba Azadin 50 EC 0,2%; 0,4%; 0,8%; 1,6% dan 3,2%. Hubungan mortalitas dengan konsentrasi formula dianalisis menggunakan analisis probit, sedangkan data bobot larva, konsumsi pakan dan waktu perkembangan larva dianalisis dengan sidik ragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formula minyak biji A. Indica memiliki nilai LC50 sebesar 0,659% (0,550-0,781%) terhadap larva instar 2 hingga instar 4. Pada fase pupa kematian kembali meningkat tajam sehingga nilai LC50 menjadi 0,152%. Perlakuan formula tersebut mengakibatkan perpanjangan waktu perkembangan, menurunkan bobot, dan menurunkan konsumsi pakan larva uji.Kata Kunci: Konsentrasi letal, Mortalitas, Gangguan perkembangan, Ekstrak

scholarly journals ANTIFEEDANT ACTIVITY FROM NEEM LEAF EXTRACT (Azadirachta indica A Juss)

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Ridha Kurniati ◽  
Nurdin Saidi ◽  
Rosnani Nasution
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Leaf Disk ◽  
Antifeedant Activity ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Disk Method ◽  
Neem Leaf Extract

Antifeedant activity of neem leaf (A. indica A. Juss) has been identified by against Tenebrio molitor bio-indicator. The highest activity was obtained on ethyl acetate extract at 0.5% concentration having Antifeedant Index (AI) of 51.53% and most active at 10% concentration of 82.05%. The method used to test the antifeedant activity is the no choice leaf disk method. Secondary metabolites contained in neem leaf extract (A. indica A. juss) include terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, saponins and phenolics. Keywords: Neem leaf (Azadirachta Indica A.Juss),  No choice leaf disk method, Antifeedant ActivityREFFERENCES Benge, M.D. 1986. Neem the Cornucopia Tree. S and T/FENR Agroforestation Technical Series No. 5. Agency for International Development Washington, D.C.190p.Schumutterer., H. 2002. Properties and Potensial of Natural pPsticides from Neem Tree, Azadirachta indica Ann. Rev. Entomol. 35; 271-291Alzohairy, M.A. 2016. Review Article Therapeutics Role of Azadirachta indica (Neem) and Their Active Constituents in Diseases Prevention and Treatment, Article ID 7382506, 11p.4.       Patel, S.M., Venkata., K.C.N., Bhattacharyya, P., Sethi, G., Bishayee, A. 2016. Potential of Neem (Azadirachta indica) For Prevention and treatment of Oncologic Diseases Seminar In Cancer BiologyDiabate, D., Gnago, J.A., Tano, Y., 2014. Toxicity, Antifeedant and Repellent, effect of Azadirachta indica A. Juss and Jatropa carcus L. aqueous extracts agaianst Plutella xylostella  (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) J. Basic. Appl. Sci. Res. 4 (11) : 51 – 60Jeyasankar, A., and Gokilamani, D., 2016. Biology and eco-friendly control of Amaranth pests, Hymenia recurvalis Fabricus and Psara basalis (Lepidoptera : Crambidae) Inter. J. Acad. Stud. 2 (4): 218 – 230.Pavunraj, M., Muthu, C., Ignacimuthu,S., Janarthanan, S., Duraipandiyan, V., Raja, N. and Vimalraj, S. 2011. Antifeedant Activity of a Novel 6-(4,7-hydroxyl-heptyl)Quinone From The Leaves of The Milkweed Pergularia daemia on The Cotton Bollworm Helicoverpa armegera (Hub.) and The Tobacco Armworm Spodoptera litura (Fab.) Phytoparasitica 39 : 145 – 150.Munoz, E., Lamilla, C., Marin, J.C., Alarcon, J., Cespedes, C.L.m 2012. Antifeedant, Insect Growth and Insecticidal Effec of Calceolaria talcana (Calceolariaceae) on Dropsopphila melanogaster and Spodoptera frugiperda Industrial Crops and Product, 42, 137 – 144.Saxena, M., Saxena, J., Nema, R., Singh, D and Gupta, A. 2013. Phytochemistry of Medicinal Plants Journal pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 1;6.Liu, L., Zhao, Y.L., Cheng, G.G., Chen, Y.Y., Qin, angX.J., C.C.W., Yang, X.W., Liu, Y.P., Luo, X.D, 2014. Antifeedant activity and effect of fruits and seed extract of Cabralea canjerana canjerana (Vell.) Mart. (Meliaceae) on the immature stages of the fall armworm Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae Crops and Product. 65 ; 156 – 158.Schoonhven, LM. 1982. Biologycal Aspect of Antifeedant . Ent, Exp and Appl  .31: 57 - 69Gahukar, R.T. 2014. Factor Affecting Content and Bioefficacy of Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) Phytochemicals used in Agriculture pest control A Review. Crop Protection. 62: 93 – 99.Pattanaik, S.J., Ranghupati, N.D.,Chary, P.2006.Ecomorphometric Marker Reflect Variation in Azadirachtin Contents of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. (Meliaceae) in Select Regions of Andhra Pradesh India. Curr. Sci, 91:628 – 636.Adel, M.M., Sehnal, H., Jurzysta, M. 2000. Effects of Alfalfa safonin on the Moth Spodoptera litura Journal of Chemical Ecology, 26 : 7-14Shuklar, Y.N., Rani, A. Tripathi,A.K., Sharma, S. 1996. Antifeedant, Activity of Ursolic Acid Isolation from Duboisia myoporoides Phytotheraphy, 10 : 359 – 360Walter, J.F. 1999. Commercial With Neem Product, P. 155-170. In Franklin R, Hall and Julius J. Menn. Biopesticides Use and Delivery. Humana Press. Totowo, New Jersey. 

scholarly journals Effect of Air Pollution on Chlorophyll Content of Leaves

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumitra Giri ◽  
Deepali Shrivastava ◽  
Ketki Deshmukh ◽  
Pallavi Dubey
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Nerium Oleander ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Dalbergia Sissoo ◽  
Plant Leaves

In the present investigation, comparative studies have been done, to find the effect of air pollutants generated from the exhaust of industries and automobiles on the chrorophyll content of leaves. The leaves samples of Azadirachta indica, Nerium oleander, Mangifera indica and­ Dalbergia sissoo were collected from areas with potentially higher and lower levels of air pollution Photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoids were quantified. A reduction in the photosynthetic pigments of plant leaves growing in higher polluted site as compared to non or less polluted ones.

scholarly journals Bioactivity Formulation Of Leaf Extract Of Kalanchoe pinnata And Seed Of Azadirachta indica Against Spodoptera litura

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hedi Paramita ◽  
Lindung Tri Puspasari ◽  
Yusup Hidayat ◽  
Rika Meliansyah ◽  
Danar Dono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Kalanchoe Pinnata

Traditional, Pharmacological and Patenting Potential of Neem (Azadirachta indica): A Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-391
Author(s):  
Mohd Asif Khan ◽  
Shashi Bhooshan Tiwari ◽  
Himanshu Gupta ◽  
Huma Noor
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Neem Tree ◽  
Commercial Plant ◽  
Pharmacological Potential ◽  
Pharmacologically Active ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Prevention And Cure ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Since ancient time, herbal drugs were highly used in the prevention and cure of various human illnesses. In India, Azadirachta indica being commonly known as Neem or Margosa is one of the multi-functional trees; belonging to Meliaceae family. In 1992, the US National Academy of Sciences was published a report entitled ‘Neem- a tree for solving global problems’. It is still considered as ‘village dispensary’ throughout the India. There are two species of Azadirachta which have been investigated; Azadirachta indica that is found in the Indian subcontinent and Azadirachta excelsa Kack that is homegrown to Indonesia and Philippines. A large number of pharmacologically active substances have been identified and isolated from the different parts of neem including azadirachtin, meliacin, gedunin, salanin, nimbin, valassin and various other components which are derived from these main compounds. Many different studies have been evaluated and authenticated for its various traditional and pharmacological activities like itching, leprosy, wound healing, spermicidal, anti-inflammatory, insecticidal, antidiabetic and analgesic etc. In the beginning of 1979, patenting on neem was started by CSIR to separate the active compounds from neem oil. Its great implantation fights with soil erosion, global warming, deforestations and desertification world-wide. In 2002, World Neem Conference raised the neem tree as an industrial or commercial plant. This review is going to explore comprehensively; traditional, pharmacological potential along with patenting, environmental & industrial significant of various parts of neem tree with safety concerns.

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