Neuroprotective effect of centella asiatica leaves extract on substantia Nigra neurons -a quantitative study in mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 440
Author(s):  
Hemamalini ◽  
Muddanna S Rao
Keyword(s):  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Centella Asiatica

Potential neuroprotective effect of androst-5-ene-3β, 17β-diol (ADIOL) on the striatum, and substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease rat model

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 (8) ◽  
pp. 5981-6000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rania M. Salama ◽  
Mariane G. Tadros ◽  
Mona F. Schaalan ◽  
Nevine Bahaa ◽  
Ahmed M. Abdel-tawab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect

scholarly journals Neuroprotective Effect of Nortriptyline in Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy Through Attenuation of Mitochondrial Dysfunction

ASN NEURO ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 175909141881058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Heun Jeong ◽  
Do Kyung Kim ◽  
Nam-Seob Lee ◽  
Young-Gil Jeong ◽  
Ho Won Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Mitochondrial Permeability Transition ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Motor Deficits ◽  
Apoptotic Pathway ◽  
Duct Ligation ◽  
Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy

Hyperammonemia associated with overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE) causes excitotoxic neuronal death through activation of the cytochrome C (CytC)-mediated mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway. We tested the therapeutic effect of nortriptyline (NT), a mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) blocker that can possibly inhibit mitochondrial CytC efflux to the cytosol on in vivo and in vitro OHE models. After ensuring the generation of OHE rats, established by bile duct ligation (BDL), they were intraperitoneally administered either 20 mg/kg NT (i.e., BDL+NT) or another vehicle (i.e., BDL+VEH) for 14 days. Compared with the control, BDL+VEH showed an increment of motor deficits, cell death, synaptic loss, apoptosis, and mitochondria with aberrant morphology in substantia nigra compacta dopaminergic (DA-ergic) neurons. However, the extent was significantly reversed in BDL+NT. Subsequently, we studied the neuroprotective mechanism of NT using PC-12 cells, a DA-ergic cell line, which exposed glutamate used as an excitotoxin. Compared with the control, the cells exposed to 15 mM glutamate (i.e., GLU) showed incremental cell death, apoptosis, and demise in mitochondrial respiration. Importantly, efflux of CytC from mitochondria to cytosol and the dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential (△Ψm), an indicator of mPTP opening, were prominent in GLU. However, compared with the GLU, the cells cotreated with 10 μM NT (i.e., GLU+NT) showed a significant reduction in the aforementioned phenomenon. Together, we concluded that NT can be used for OHE therapeutics, mitigating the excitotoxic death of substantia nigra compacta DA-ergic neurons via mPTP-associated mitochondrial dysfunction inhibition.

scholarly journals Comparative Study on Anti-Acetylcholinesterase and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Date and Apple Vinegars Fortified with Centella Asiatica

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.14) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
M I Adenan ◽  
N A Jusril ◽  
K A Radzun ◽  
Z Z Hafiz
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Neuroblastoma Cells ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition ◽  
Inhibition Activity ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Major Factors

Neuroinflammation and deficiency of cholinergic are major factors of neurodegenerative damage correlated to cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We investigated the anti-inflammatory and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities of apple and date vinegars added with Centella asiatica in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. The neuroprotective effect of apple or date vinegar added with various percentage of C. asiatica (0, 0.5, 2, 5) % w/v was determined in vitro. The methanolic extract of apple vinegar added with 2% C. asiatica (AV-2% CA) and date vinegar added with 2% C. asiatica (DV-2% CA)  extracts showed potent neuroprotective effect. Both extracts were subjected to liquid-liquid partitioning yielded aqueous (H2O: AV/DV-2% CA) and ethyl acetate (EA: AV/DV-2% CA) extracts. Anti-inflammatory response against nitric oxide (NO) of all extracts was measured in LPS-induced SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells and percentage inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was measured using commercially available test kits. It was found that EA: DV-2% CA showed potent ameliorating effect against LPS-induced inflammation (I50: 563.5 ± 0.13μg/mL) and was also responsible in the AChE inhibition activity (IC50: 9.087 ± 0.02). Thus, this extract is suggested to have dual properties of anti-inflammatory and anti-acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity that could be beneficial in the treatment and prevention of neurodegenerative disease.   

scholarly journals Neuroprotective Activity of Evolvulus alsinoides & Centella asiatica Ethanolic Extracts in Scopolamine-Induced Amnesia in Swiss Albino Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1059-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukesh Kumar Yadav ◽  
Santosh Kumar Singh ◽  
Manish Singh ◽  
Shashank Shekhar Mishra ◽  
Anurag Kumar Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Neuroprotective Activity ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Nootropic Activity ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Evolvulus Alsinoides ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Albino Mice

AIM: To carry out the comparative nootropic, neuroprotective potentials of two medicinal plant species. MATERIAL AND METHODS: For neuroprotective activity; behavior models (elevated plus maze & morris water maze), in vivo antioxidant (superoxide dismutase, catalase, lipid peroxidation & reduced glutathione), inflammatory markers (IL-1β, IL-6 & TNF-α) and acetylcholine esterase (AChE) assessment procedures followed at different dosages i.e. 250 & 500 mg/kg of Evolvulus alsinoides and Centella asiatica ethanolic extracts. At the end of the study, it was performed histopathological analysis of the following organs: brain, heart, liver, and kidney. RESULTS: In oral administration of different doses of ethanolic extracts of both medicinal plants i.e. Sco + EEA 250 = 2.49 ± 0.29 , Sco + EEA 500 = 2.67 ± 0.36, Sco + ECA 250 = 2.33 ± 0.17, Sco + ECA 500 = 2.77 ± 0.21, Sco + EEA + ECA 250 = 2.61 ± 0.32 and Sco + EEA + ECA 500 = 2.79 ± 0.16 U/mg of protein respectively against the scopolamine induced group Sco (control) = 5.51 ± 0.35 U/mg of protein extracts shows neuroprotective and nootropic activity with reducing AChE level in the brain homogenate of swiss albino mice. CONCLUSION: Since the E. alsinoides & C. asiatica are already used in traditional Indian medicine as the neuroprotective agent and also found promising effects over inflammatory diseases, wound healing, and immunomodulatory activity. The neuroprotective effect of both plants extracts attributed to inhibition of AChE activity and improve the spatial memory formation.

Ocular Motor Disorders Caused by Lesions in the Cerebrum

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnes Wong
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Substantia Nigra ◽  
Globus Pallidus ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
D2 Agonist ◽  
Intermediate Layers ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Eye Field

■ Receives inputs from the frontal eye field (FEF), supplementary eye field (SEF), dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPC), internal medullary lamina of the thalamus, and substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc, the dopaminergic portion) ■ Projects to substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNpr) and the globus pallidus ■ Receives inhibitory inputs from the caudate nucleus ■ Sends inhibitory signals to intermediate layers of the superior colliculus Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects about 1% of adults over 60 years of age. 1. Loss of pigmented dopaminergic neurons in the SNpc 2. Presence of Lewy bodies (not specific for Parkinson’s disease) 3. Decreased dopamine reaching the striatum causes increased inhibitory output from the globus pallidus internal segment and SNpr, thereby inhibiting movement 1. Standard therapy: levadopa and carbidopa (a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor to reduce motor fluctuations and dyskinesia) e.g., such as Sinemet or Sinemet CR 2. Monoamine oxidase-β inhibitor (e.g., Selegiline); may have neuroprotective effect 3. Dopamine agonist (e.g., bromocriptine, a D2 agonist, and apomorphine, a D1 and D2 agonist) 4. Anticholinergics (e.g., Benzhexol) 5. Amantadine (seldom used) 6. Surgery ■ Thalamotomy or thalamic deep brain stimulation of the ventral lateral nucleus to reduce medically refractory tremor. The mechanism of action is unknown; these procedures may destroy autonomous neural activity (synchronous bursts) that has the same frequency as the limb tremor. ■ Pallidotomy or pallidal stimulation to reduce contralateral dyskinesia (e.g., bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor).

scholarly journals Centella asiaticaPrevents Increase of Hippocampal Tumor Necrosis Factor-αIndependently of Its Effect on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Rat Model of Chronic Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mawaddah Ar Rochmah ◽  
Ika Murti Harini ◽  
Dian Eurike Septyaningtrias ◽  
Dwi Cahyani Ratna Sari ◽  
Rina Susilowati
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Bdnf Expression ◽  
Neurotropic Factor ◽  
The Relationship

Centella asiaticaameliorates memory impairment and induces expression of hippocampal brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) in chronically stressed rats. The relationship between the anti-inflammatory effect ofCentella asiaticaon hippocampal BDNF and the involvement of sirtuin-1, a BDNF expression regulator, in neuroprotective mechanisms ofCentella asiaticawarrants an investigation. We investigated the effect ofCentella asiaticaethanolic extracts (CA) on TNF-α, IL-10, and SIRT1 levels and whether these predicted BDNF expression in rat hippocampus after chronic stress. For the experiments, thirty male rats (Sprague Dawley) were divided into six groups: nonstressed-control, stressed-control, nonstressed +CA 300mg/kg/d, stressed +CA 150 mg/kg/d, stressed +CA 300 mg/kg/d, and stressed +CA 600 mg/kg/d. On day 28, rats were sacrificed and hippocampus was dissected out. Hippocampal TNF-α, IL-10, SIRT1, and BDNF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Hippocampal TNF-αlevel was significantly higher in the stressed-control compared to nonstressed-control groups. Across all stress conditions, rats receiving the highest dose of CA had the lowest mean TNF-αand highest mean BDNF. There were no significant differences in IL-10 and SIRT1 levels between groups. Hippocampal TNF-αdid not predict hippocampal BDNF in a regression analysis. In conclusion, lower TNF-αand higher BDNF in the hippocampus support the hypothesis that these factors independently contribute toCentella asiatica’s neuroprotective effect in chronically stressed rats.

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