A comparative cross sectional study of knowledge and practice of menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls in rural and urban schools of Rural Karnataka

Adolescence is the significant period in the life of a woman. Menstrual disturbances are the commonest presenting complaint in adolescent age group and unhygienic practices during menstruation can lead to untoward consequences like pelvic inflammatory disease and even infertility. To study the knowledge and practice regarding menstrual hygiene among adolescents. This is a cross-sectional study conducted from October 2018 to December 2018 among 100 adolescent girls who attended adolescent clinics at Urban Health Training centre of KBNU Medical College, Kalaburagi. The mean age of participants was 16.2 ± 2.1 SD. only 26% of participants were aware about menstruation before menarche. Majority (91%) of participants had knowledge about use of sanitary pads during menstruation but only 78% used them. The most common reason for non usage was the cost of pads (68%). The method of disposal was satisfactory among 62% of participants and 84% of participants change their pads /cloth pieces 2-3 times per day. Restriction of diet during menstruation was seen in 40% and 30% missed school during their periods. Although there was good knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls, practice needs to improve. Health education sessions at urban health clinics and schools involving mothers of these adolescent girls can aid to overcome socio cultural practices of restricting movement and diet restrictions during menstruation.

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Menstrual health and related problems in adolescent girls of Lucknow district: a cross sectional study

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20184810 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (12) ◽

pp. 5321

Author(s):

Geeta Singh ◽

Anish Khanna ◽

Monika Agarwal ◽

V. K. Singh ◽

Rekha Sachan

Keyword(s):

Adolescent Girls ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Unequal Distribution ◽

Urban Girls ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Menstrual Health ◽

Menstrual Symptoms ◽

Age Of Menarche

Background: Menstruation and related problems are difficult issues for adolescent girls and are a common reason for consulting healthcare providers. The objective of the study was to study the age of menarche, menstrual pattern, menstrual related health problems and health seeking behaviour for it.Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in urban as well as rural schools of Lucknow district from August 2014 to September 2015. Multistage random sampling was used to select the requisite number of girls. A total of 600 girls of age group 10-19 years were interviewed and analysed using appropriate statistical methodsResults: The mean age of menarche of the total population was 13.2±1 years. During menstruation, urban girls had significantly excessive passage of clots (26.5%) and faced more discomfort in their routine activities (78.8%) when compared to their rural counterpart (25.2% and 73.4% respectively), whereas the relation was inverse with regard to school absenteeism that was significantly higher in rural girls (44.0%) than urban girls (32.3%). The usual age of menarche as well as the pattern of pre-menstrual symptoms varied significantly between the girls of rural and urban areas.Conclusions: With few exceptions, menstrual health related problems have an unequal distribution in girls of rural and urban origin. Hence effective management of menstrual problems will lose its chase unless health education targeting all the three groups viz.; adolescent girls, concerned parents and teachers have to be uniformly strengthened.

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A descriptive cross-sectional study on menstrual hygiene and perceived reproductive morbidity among adolescent girls in a union territory, India

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care ◽

10.4103/2249-4863.220031 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 360 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Mausumi Basu ◽

Prakash Mathiyalagen ◽

Birundhanjali Peramasamy ◽

Kavita Vasudevan ◽

Johnson Cherian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adolescent Girls ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Menstrual Hygiene ◽

Union Territory

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A study of menstrual hygiene among rural adolescent school girls in rural field practice area of a medical college, Davangere- a cross sectional study

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20194526 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (10) ◽

pp. 4538

Author(s):

Vidya Basavaraju ◽

Chetan Lakshmikantha Bukanakere ◽

Madonna J. Dsouza ◽

Ashok Kumar Shivakumar Mallenahalli

Keyword(s):

Adolescent Girls ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

World Population ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Menstrual Hygiene ◽

Self Confidence ◽

Field Practice ◽

Socio Economic Variables

Background: Adolescence in girls signifies the transition from girlhood to womanhood; one fifth of world population is between 10 and 19 years old. Menstruation is a phenomenon unique to the females. Menstruation is a monthly occurrence that requires access to appropriate materials and facilities, without which, females suffer from poor menstrual hygiene which restricts their movement and self-confidence. Increased knowledge about menstruation right from childhood may escalate safe practices and may help in mitigating the suffering of millions of women.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 200 adolescent girls in a rural field practice area of S. S. Institute of Medical Sciences. Data on socio-economic variables and menstrual characteristics were collected using pre-tested questionnaires for a period of two months from September to October 2018.Results: Total of 200 girls was interviewed. 87.6% of the girls were aware about menstruation prior to the attainment of menarche. Mothers were the first informants in about 56.5% girls. Overall 51.5% adolescent girls were using sanitary napkins as menstrual absorbent, while 45.6% were using used cloths. 97.6% girls practiced different restrictions during menstruation. Some of the sociodemographic factors like religion, type of family and mother’s education, SES were significantly associated with menstrual hygienic practices.Conclusions: There is a need to educate the girls about menstruation, its importance and hygiene maintenance; to enable them to lead a healthy reproductive life in future.

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A comparison of nutritional status of rural and urban adolescent girls from schools in North India: a cross-sectional study

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20181712 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 1996

Author(s):

Neha Goyal

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

North India ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Z Scores ◽

Height For Age

Background: Adolescence is a nutritionally vulnerable period for a number of specific reasons, including high requirements for growth, eating patterns and lifestyles, risk-taking behaviour and, susceptibility to social and environmental influences. The objectives of the study were to compare the nutritional status of rural and urban school going adolescent girls by anthropometric measurements.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in urban as well as rural schools of Haldwani block of district Nainital from October 2012 to September 2014. Multistage random sampling was used to select the requisite number, 770 (443 rural and 327 urban) of school going adolescent girls of 10 to 19 years of age, who were interviewed and anthropometric measurements were recorded for assessing the nutritional status. WHO 2007 growth standards for 5-19 years old for girls was followed. Height-for-age Z scores and BMI-for-age Z scores were calculated with help of WHO Anthro Plus Software version 1.0.4. Data was analysed using SPSS v.20.Results: Mean weight and mean BMI of adolescent girls in urban area was significantly higher than those in rural area, while mean height in two groups was not significantly different. Mean height-for-age and the mean BMI-for-age of the study girls was below median of the 2007 WHO reference throughout the adolescent period.Conclusions: Thinness was significantly higher in rural girls while overweight and obesity was not significantly different in rural and urban girls.

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Menstrual hygiene management practice among adolescent girls: a cross sectional study in Nepal

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20212582 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 3331

Author(s):

Koshish Raj Gautam ◽

Harsha Raj Dahal ◽

Kshitij Karki ◽

Shradha Acharya ◽

Suraksha Subedi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adolescent Girls ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Menstrual Hygiene ◽

Menstrual Hygiene Management ◽

Hygiene Management ◽

Urban Adolescent ◽

Urban Adolescent Girls

Background: Good menstrual hygiene is fundamental to health, hygiene and well-being of women and girls. As menstruation itself considered as taboo in Nepalese society, it has direct impacts on the health of the women and adolescent. The objective of the study is to assess the knowledge and practices regarding menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls.Methods: A cross- sectional study design was conducted among 398 samples. Simple random sampling was done to select the resource center schools and probability proportionate sampling (PPS) technique used to get sample size. Structured interview schedule is used to collect data and analysed from SPSS software after validation.Results: Knowledge on menstrual hygiene management was good in urban adolescent girls (93.69%) as compared to rural (6.31%). Similarly, level of practice was good regarding menstrual hygiene management was good in urban adolescent girls (91.29%) as compared to rural (8.71%). Place of the residence and knowledge level of the adolescent girls was highly significant (p<0.001).Conclusions: The findings showed that rural adolescent girls had poor knowledge, various misconceptions and inadequate practices regarding menstrual hygiene management.

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Knowledge and menstrual hygiene practice among adolescent school girls in southern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-019-7973-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Zelalem Belayneh ◽

Birhanie Mekuriaw

Keyword(s):

Adolescent Girls ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Hygiene Practice ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Poor Knowledge ◽

Menstrual Hygiene ◽

Hygienic Practice ◽

School Girls

Abstract Background Menstruation is a normal physiological process of females at their reproductive age. However, it is surrounded with social taboos and supernatural beliefs. The poor knowledge and understanding of menstruation may lead to unsafe hygienic practice that intern increases the risk of reproductive and genito-urinary tract infections, cervical cancer, school drop-out, poor academic performance and overall poor quality of life. Despite such clinical and academic effects, the knowledge and hygienic practice of adolescent girls towards menstruation is not well addressed in Ethiopia, particularly among school adolescent girls. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to assess the knowledge and menstrual hygiene practice among adolescent school girls in southern Ethiopia. Methods This was an institutional based cross-sectional study conducted at Gedeo zone high schools among 791 randomly selected adolescent girls using multi stage sampling technique. Data were collected using interviewer administered questionnaire. The collected data were entered to EPI-INFO (soft ware) and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistics analyses were computed to identify factors associated with the poor menstrual hygienic practice. During bi-variable analysis, variables with P-values of less than 0.25 were entered to multivariable model for further analysis. In the final model, P-value of less than 0.05 was used as a base to identify factors having a statistically significant association with poor menstrual hygiene practice at corresponding 95% confidence interval. Result From a total of 791 adolescent girls participated in this study, 68.3% had poor knowledge of menstruation. About 48.1% of school girls used absorbent materials, and 69.5% clean their external genitalia. Generally, 60.3% of girls had poor menstrual hygienic practice. Age less than 15 years [OR = 1.71:95% CI (1.22, 2.39)], longer days of menstrual flow [OR = 2.51:95% CI (1.66, 3.80)] and poor knowledge of menses [OR = 1.48:95% CI (1.04, 2.1)] had a significantly associated with poor menstrual hygiene practice. Conclusion Majority of adolescent school girls had poor knowledge regarding menstruation and their hygienic practices are incorrect. This demonstrates a need to design acceptable awareness creation and advocacy programs to improve the knowledge and promote safe hygienic practice of adolescent school girls during menstruation.

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Assessment of knowledge and practice of menstrual hygiene among school going adolescent girls in an urban area of Odisha: a cross sectional study

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20194005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (9) ◽

pp. 3979 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sasmita Pradhan ◽

Krishna Kar ◽

Barada Prasanna Samal ◽

Jagannath Pradhan

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

Private School ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Reproductive Capacity ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Government School ◽

Menstrual Hygiene ◽

School Girls

Background: In the life of a female, menarche denotes the beginning of her reproductive capacity. Menstrual hygiene is an issue that every girl has to deal with in her life, but there is lack of awareness on the process of menstruation, the physical and psychological changes associated with puberty and proper requirement for managing menstruation.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2016 to December 2016 in the urban field practice area of SCB Medical College. One government high school and one private high school were selected purposively. A purposeful convenience sampling was done to select the girls who were studying in 8th, 9th and 10th standard. Data collected from 165 adolescent school girls using a predesigned, pretested and structured questionnaire. The objective of the present study is to assess the knowledge and practices regarding menstrual hygiene among school going adolescent girls and to know about the restrictions imposed upon them during menstruation.Results: Most of the adolescent girls (61.82%) had attained menarche between 13-15 years of age. 59.39% girls were aware about menstruation before menarche. The source of information about menstruation was the mother or elder sister in most of the girls (81.21 %), followed by teachers/friends in case of 18.79 % girls. 84.85% of the girls used only sanitary pad, 4.24% used only cloth and the rest 10.91% used both sanitary pad and cloth during menstruation.Conclusions: Maintenance of menstrual hygiene was better in private school girls as compared to government school girls. Health education sessions about menstrual hygiene should be conducted in the schools for spreading awareness regarding menstruation and menstrual hygiene.

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Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls in Imphal East, Manipur: a cross-sectional study

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20202982 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (7) ◽

pp. 2595

Author(s):

Thounaojam Tamphasana ◽

Bishwalata Rajkumari ◽

Longjam Usharani Devi

Keyword(s):

Adolescent Girls ◽

Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Good Knowledge ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Menstrual Hygiene ◽

Attitude And Practice ◽

Knowledge Attitude And Practice ◽

Good Attitude

Background: Adolescent girls’ understanding of menstruation is characterized by poor knowledge and erroneous beliefs about menstruation. This study aims to determine the knowledge, attitude and practice regarding menstrual hygiene among adolescent schoolgirls and to assess any factors associated with menstrual hygiene.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2017 to April 2019 among 1963 school girls of class 8 to 12 standards in Imphal-East District, Manipur. From the list of schools in the district, schools were selected randomly by lottery method and all eligible girls in the selected schools were included. A predesigned self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analyzed using SPSS IBM Statistics version 21. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to test for association. A p value<0.05 was taken as statistically significant.Results: The mean (±SD) age was 15.45 (±1.59) years. More than half (51.3%) of the respondents had good knowledge regarding menstruation. Majority (60.2%) of the respondents have good attitude regarding menstruation. Studying in higher class AOR (95% CI) of 1.399 (1.157-1.675), Christian by religion AOR (95% CI) of 1.640 (1.038-2.591), higher educational level of father AOR (95% CI) 4.492 (1.492-13.52), studying in private schools AOR (95% CI) of 1.370 (1.031-1.172) and belonging to rural community AOR (95% CI) 1.266 (1.025-1.500) were significantly more likely to have good knowledge about menstruation.Conclusions: More than half of the respondents had good knowledge and three-fifth of them had good attitude. Health education on menstruation and menstrual hygiene should be incorporated early enough in the school curriculum to prepare girls for menstruation.

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