scholarly journals Early traumatic experiences and their relationship with the emergence of depressive symptoms in adulthood

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
Eglantina Dervishi ◽  
Elisabeta Mujaj ◽  
Silva Ibrahimi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Minimum Age ◽  
Physical Neglect

The aim of this study was the exploration of early traumatic experiences related to emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional and physical neglect, as well as the connection of the dimensions of these early traumatic experiences with the experiencing of depressive symptoms in adulthood. A sample of 331 University students in Tirana, 60 males (N = 60) or 18.1% and 271 females (N = 271) or 81.9% completed the online Beck Inventory for Depression (BDI), and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF). The minimum age of the youth participating in the study was 18 years and the maximum age was 32 years, with an average of 20 years (M = 20.07) and the standard deviation (SD = 1.5). Descriptive, correlational and linear regression analysis were used for data processing through the SPSS 22. The study confirmed the connection between early traumatic experiences and the appearance of depressive symptoms in adulthood (r(329) = .333, p < .001). Among the dimensions of early traumatic experiences, it seems that a stronger connection with the occurrence of depressive symptoms relates to the size of emotional trauma. The size of child sexual trauma is connected to feelings of punishment and suicidal thoughts in adulthood. Early traumatic experiences seem to have a significant impact on how adults express themselves and choose to interact with their environment. Coping with problems of mental health and depression today can be closely related to the early traumatic experiences of juveniles and adults.

scholarly journals Validation and Adaptation of the Slovak Version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2440
Author(s):  
Martina Petrikova ◽  
Natalia Kascakova ◽  
Jana Furstova ◽  
Jozef Hasto ◽  
Peter Tavel
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Slovak Population ◽  
Physical Neglect

Background: Previous research has shown a strong relationship between childhood trauma and worsened physical and mental health. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) is a commonly used tool assessing early traumatic experiences. The aim of this study was to verify the psychometric properties of the Slovak version of the CTQ. Methods: Data were collected on a representative Slovak sample (N = 1018, mean age 46.24 years, 48.7% of men). The dimensional structure of the CTQ was tested by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA); convergent validity was assessed using the Adverse Childhood Questionnaire (ACE-IQ). Results: CFA confirmed the standard 5-factor CTQ model. The subscales of the CTQ and the ACE-IQ questionnaires showed moderate to high correlations. The internal consistency of the scale was found to be acceptable. Emotional neglect (EN) was reported in 48.1%, physical neglect (PN) in 35.8%, emotional abuse in 15.8%, physical abuse (PA) in 11.0%, and sexual abuse (SA) in 9.1% of the Slovak population, according to the scoring, when even low abuse or neglect is assessed as trauma. Conclusion: The CTQ questionnaire fulfilled the validation criteria and appeared to be a suitable method for assessing retrospectively reported childhood trauma experiences in the Slovak population.

scholarly journals Association between schizoid tendencies and aggressive behaviors: mediating and moderating influences in childhood trauma and life events among Chinese adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingyu Yang ◽  
Yuqiong He ◽  
Shuxian Wu ◽  
Xilong Cui ◽  
Xuerong Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Child Behavior Checklist ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Emotional Neglect ◽  
Aggressive Behaviors ◽  
Physical Neglect

Abstract Background This study investigated an association between schizoid tendencies and aggressive behaviors in Chinese adolescents, and explored the underlying mechanism. Methods The data of 3094 adolescents aged 12 to 16 years were collected from an epidemiological survey in China. All the subjects or their parents completed the Achenbach’s Child Behavior Checklist, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form, and the Adolescent Self-rating Life Event Checklist (ASLEC). Results Relative to the non-schizoid group, adolescents with schizoid tendencies (male or female) showed significantly higher scores for aggressive behaviors, emotional abuse, and ASLEC. Regarding females only, those with schizoid tendencies had significantly higher (lower) scores for physical abuse and emotional neglect (physical neglect). The aggressive behaviors score was predicted by scores for schizoid tendencies (βmale = 0.620, βfemale = 0.638, both P < 0.001) and ASLEC (βmale = 0.125, βfemale = 0.061, both P < 0.01), and by childhood trauma score (males: emotional neglect [β = 0.045, P = 0.021]; females: emotional abuse and sexual abuse [β = 0.118 and − 0.062, both P < 0.01]). The ASLEC and childhood trauma scores mediated the association between scores for schizoid tendencies and aggressive behaviors, specifically, emotional neglect (emotional abuse and sexual abuse) in males (females). In females, the interaction between scores for childhood trauma and ASLEC affected the aggressive behaviors score (P = 0.023). Conclusions Schizoid tendencies are associated with aggressive behaviors among Chinese adolescents. Recent life events and childhood trauma mediated an association between schizoid tendencies and aggressive behaviors. The interaction between childhood trauma and recent life events affected aggressive behaviors in females. Aggressive behaviors in adolescents may be ameliorated by reducing childhood trauma and life events.

Evaluation of self-esteem and childhood trauma in patients with sexual disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s852-s853
Author(s):  
G. Teksin Unal ◽  
O. Sahmelikoglu Onur ◽  
C. Karsidag ◽  
M.G. Teksin Bakir
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Premature Ejaculation ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Depressive Mood ◽  
Sexual Disorders ◽  
Emotional Neglect ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Physical Neglect

IntroductionSexual dysfunction (SD) is defined as the deterioration of sexual response cycles caused by anatomic, physiologic or psychologic reasons.ObjectivesWe believe that SD is closely related to self-esteem and childhood trauma (CT).AimIn this study, the level of self-esteem and CT in patients diagnosed with SD vs. controls are aimed to be compared. In addition, relationship between complaints of SD self-esteem and CT variable subgroups are planned to be investigated.MethodTwenty-four patients visited Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Psychiatric Hospital with matching defined criteria and 24 control counterparts statistically matching were taken sociodemographic data form, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSS) and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-28) was applied.ResultsCTQ-28 averages and RSS variables which are sensitivity to criticism, depressive mood, psychosomatic symptoms, feeling threatened in interpersonal relationships, degree to participate in discussions, relationship with father were higher in patients with SD (P < 0.05). Considering the relationship between complaints of SD and CTQ-28 subscales, physical abuse, emotional abuse, physical neglect, emotional neglect averages of patients were observed significantly different rooted by genitopelvic pain/penetration disorder and premature ejaculation and in emotional neglect by premature ejaculation and low libido combination (P < 0.05).ConclusionsIn literature, there are many studies that show CT leads to SD and several studies state that self-esteem is affected in patients with SD [1]. CT must be considered and determined in the goal of treatment of SD.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals The relationship between childhood trauma and schizophrenia in the Genomics of Schizophrenia in the Xhosa people (SAX) study in South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 1570-1577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumaya Mall ◽  
Jonathan M. Platt ◽  
Henk Temmingh ◽  
Eustasius Musenge ◽  
Megan Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBackgroundEvidence from high-income countries suggests that childhood trauma is associated with schizophrenia. Studies of childhood trauma and schizophrenia in low and middle income (LMIC) countries are limited. This study examined the prevalence of childhood traumatic experiences among cases and controls and the relationship between specific and cumulative childhood traumatic experiences and schizophrenia in a sample in South Africa.MethodsData were from the Genomics of Schizophrenia in the South African Xhosa people study. Cases with schizophrenia and matched controls were recruited from provincial hospitals and clinics in the Western and Eastern Cape regions in South Africa. Childhood traumatic experiences were measured using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Adjusted logistic regression models estimated associations between individual and cumulative childhood traumatic experiences and schizophrenia.ResultsTraumatic experiences were more prevalent among cases than controls. The odds of schizophrenia were 2.44 times higher among those who experienced any trauma than those who reported no traumatic experiences (95% CI 1.77–3.37). The odds of schizophrenia were elevated among those who experienced physical/emotional abuse (OR 1.59, CI 1.28–1.97), neglect (OR 1.39, CI 1.16–1.68), and sexual abuse (OR 1.22, CI 1.03–1.45) compared to those who did not. Cumulative physical/emotional abuse and neglect experiences increased the odds of schizophrenia as a dose–response relationship.ConclusionChildhood trauma is common in this population. Among many other benefits, interventions to prevent childhood trauma may contribute to a decreasing occurrence of schizophrenia.

The Impact of Depressive Symptoms and Traumatic Experiences on Quality of Life in Adults With ADHD

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 486-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swantje Matthies ◽  
Chiharu Sadohara-Bannwarth ◽  
Sebastian Lehnhart ◽  
Jan Schulte-Maeter ◽  
Alexandra Philipsen
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Adult Adhd ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Objective: We assessed factors influencing quality of life (QoL) in adults with ADHD. Method: QoL, traumatic childhood experiences, and depression were assessed using the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), respectively, in 60 adult ADHD outpatients and 60 age- and gender-matched controls. Results: Emotional neglect or abuse had occurred significantly more often during childhood in adults with ADHD. Depressive symptoms were rated significantly higher by ADHD patients. QoL was significantly lower in adults with ADHD, and the variables depression, ADHD symptom severity, and traumatic load, accounted for ~60% of variance in overall QoL. Conclusion: QoL is significantly reduced in adult ADHD patients. Depressive symptoms and traumatic childhood experiences influence QoL. Treatment for adult ADHD patients should take the high interdependence of depressive symptoms, childhood trauma, and QoL into consideration.

An investigation of Childhood Trauma in Patients with Panic Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S109-S109
Author(s):  
S.B. Ölmez ◽  
A. Ataoğlu ◽  
Z. Başar Kocagöz
Keyword(s):  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Psychiatric Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire

IntroductionIt is widely known that childhood traumatic life situations are associated with most of the adult life psychiatric disorders such as disassociative disorders, mood disorders, anxiety disorders and so on.Objectives and aimsThe purpose of this study to examine the relationship between childhood traumatic experiences and panic disorder development.MethodsThe sample of this study consists of 59 outpatients who applied to the department of psychiatry in addition to 61 healthy individuals serving as the control group. These 59 individuals, located within the range of 18 to 65 years, were selected from outpatients who had been diagnosed with panic disorder based on DSM-V diagnosis criteria who did not have any other mental disorder. The 61 healthy individuals in the control group were selected from hospital attendants who had not received any psychiatric diagnosis. The participants were administered the childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ) and a socio-demographic form.ResultsThe participants in the panic disorder group were found to have significantly high scores in comparison to the control group with respect to CTQ subscales (i.e., the emotional neglect and the emotional abuse subscale) and the total CTQ score. Hence, there exists a strong relationship between childhood traumatic experiences and panic disorder development.ConclusionThe results revealed that childhood traumatic experiences play an active role in the development of panic disorder. Moreover, it was found that the type and quality of trauma experienced during the childhood period is one of the predictors for the psychiatric disease that can occur in the future years.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Validation of the Japanese Version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-J)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rie Mizuki ◽  
Takeo Fujiwara
Keyword(s):  
Child Maltreatment ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Childhood Maltreatment ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Japanese Version ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Community Group ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Japanese Adolescents

Abstract Background In Japan, the number of child maltreatment reports has surged to almost ten folds during the last decade. Assessment tools which are concise and easy-to-use are called for, in order to facilitate the process of child maltreatment substantiation as well as to advance research on Japanese people. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-SF) is accepted internationally as an instrument to assess and quantify experiences of childhood maltreatment and its impact. However, the Japanese version of CTQ-SF has not been validated. The present study examined validity of the Japanese version of the CTQ (CTQ-J). Methods The CTQ-J was administered to Japanese adolescents institutionalized due to child maltreatment and other family issues (institutionalized group, n=31) and adolescents who had no experience of institutionalization (community group, n=46) from the greater Tokyo area. Analysis of Variance was conducted to compare CTQ-J scores among the institutionalized group with documented maltreatment, the institutionalized group without documented maltreatment, and the community group, for the total score and five subscale scores. Then the discrimination of scores assessed by the CTQ-J were calculated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and compared with documented childhood maltreatment experiences from institutionalized adolescents. Results Internal consistency was ‘good’ to ‘acceptable’ for the CTQ-J in the categories of emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, and emotional neglect (Cronbach’s alpha > 0.74). In each maltreatment type, the institutionalized group with documented maltreatment experiences showed significantly higher CTQ-J scores than the community group. The area under the curve (AUC) showed higher discrimination for the total score of the CTQ-J (0.95, 95% confidence interval: 0.90-0.99), and each type of child maltreatment (all AUC: 0.98-0.86). Conclusion This study has demonstrated that the CTQ-J may be used as a reliable tool for childhood maltreatment experience assessment among Japanese adolescents. It is suggested that the CTQ-J has validity by predicting child maltreatment experiences documented in the child welfare records.

Childhood Traumatic Experiences and Coping Strategies: Correlations With Quality of Life

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S210-S210
Author(s):  
G. Serafini ◽  
C. Conigliaro ◽  
F. Pittaluga ◽  
M. Pompili ◽  
P. Girardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
History Of

IntroductionIndividuals with a history of childhood traumatic experiences may exert maladaptive coping strategies and impaired adult quality of life.ObjectivesThe present study explored the association between childhood traumatic experiences, coping strategies, and quality of life.AimsWe aimed to evaluate whether childhood traumatic experiences or specific coping strategies may significantly predict quality of life.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study including 276 patients (19.9% men, 81.1% women; mean age: 48.1 years, SD: 16.9), of which most with major affective disorders, who were recruited at the psychiatric unit of the university of Genoa (Italy). All participants were assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (Cope), and Short Form 12 Health Survey version 2 (SF-12).ResultsSubjects with a history of emotional abuse were more likely to have an earlier age of onset of their psychiatric conditions, an earlier age of their first treatment/hospitalization, higher recurrent episodes and days of hospitalization, longer illness duration and non-psychiatric treatments at intake when compared with those who did not present any history of abuse. Based on regression analyses, only positive reinterpretation and growth, focus on and venting of emotions, and substance abuse, but not childhood traumatic experiences, resulted positive predictors of physical quality of life. Moreover, focus on and venting of emotions was able to predict mental quality of life.ConclusionsWhile traumatic experiences did not predict quality of life, specific coping strategies were significant predictors of quality of life. Further studies are requested to test these preliminary results.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The association between childhood trauma and facial emotion recognition in patients with stable schizophrenia

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S372-S372 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mrizak ◽  
A. Arous ◽  
R. Trabelsi ◽  
A. Aissa ◽  
H. Ben Ammar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Facial Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Emotion ◽  
Significant Feature ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
Physical Neglect ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionThe impairment of facial emotion recognition (FER) among patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) is a significant feature of the illness. Childhood trauma (CT) is reported with a high prevalence in SCZ and is considered one of its risk factors.ObjectivesTo investigate the relationship between FER and CT in SCZ.MethodsFifty-eight outpatients with stable SCZ completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire retrospectively assessing five types of childhood trauma (emotional, physical and sexual abuse, and emotional and physical neglect). They also completed a newly developed and validated FER task constructed from photographs of the face of a famous Tunisian actress and evaluating the ability to correctly identify Ekman's six basic facial emotions (happiness, sadness, anger, disgust, fear and surprise).ResultsPatients with higher scores of CT performed significantly worse in FER task. Our results suggest that the presence of sexual abuse is specifically correlated to a poor identification of anger (P = 0.02) and disgust (P = 0.03) while the presence of emotional abuse and physical neglect are correlated to a poor identification of happiness and sadness.ConclusionsCT may represent one of the causes of the FER deficits in schizophrenia. Further studies are necessary to confirm the link between specific kinds of childhood trauma and deficits in the recognition of discrete emotions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals The Unholy Trinity: Childhood Trauma, Adulthood Anxiety, and Long-Term Pain

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Kascakova ◽  
Jana Furstova ◽  
Jozef Hasto ◽  
Andrea Madarasova Geckova ◽  
Peter Tavel
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Physical Neglect ◽  
Results Reporting ◽  
Clinical Populations

Background: Childhood trauma is considered to be a risk factor for developing anxiety as well as chronic pain. The aim of this study was to assess the association between childhood trauma and reporting anxiety and long-term pain conditions in the general and clinical populations. Methods: Respondents from a representative sample in the Czech Republic (n = 1800, mean age: 46.6 years, 48.7% male) and patients with a clinically diagnosed anxiety or adjustment disorder (n = 67, mean age: 40.5 years, 18.0% male) were asked to report anxiety, various chronic and pain-related conditions, and childhood trauma (The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, CTQ) in a cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey conducted in 2016 and 2017. Results: Reporting emotional abuse (Odds ratio OR from 2.14 to 14.71), emotional neglect (OR from 2.42 to 10.99), or physical neglect (OR from 2.24 to 3.30) was associated with reporting anxiety and long-term pain both in the general and clinical populations and reporting physical abuse moreover with reporting anxiety or adjustment disorder with concurrent long-term pain (OR from 4.04 to 6.39). Conclusion: This study highlights the relevance of childhood trauma as a possible factor contributing to anxiety with concurrent pain conditions in adulthood in both the general and clinical populations.

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