scholarly journals Acute toxicity evaluation of Tricyclozole 75% WP on earthworms Eisenia fetida

Biologija ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijayalakshmi Aalaysam ◽  
Venkata Reddy Bandugula
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Quartz Sand ◽  
Eisenia Fetida ◽  
Artificial Soil ◽  
Eisenia Foetida ◽  
Toxicity Evaluation ◽  
Behavioural Effects ◽  
Earthworm Biomass ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Oecd Guideline

Earthworms (Eisenia foetida) were exposed to Tricyclozole 75%  WP pesticides in an acute earthworm toxicity test as per OECD guideline 207. Four replicates of ten clitellated adult earthworms each were exposed to the  concentrations of 31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg dry soil. The control artificial soil with acetone and quartz sand had four replicates, with ten earthworms in each replicate. Earthworms were assessed for behavioural effects at 0, 7, and 14 days of exposure, mortality after 7 and 14  days of exposure, and the  earthworm biomass was assessed on day 0 and on day 14. The results of the study revealed acute toxicity of Tricyclozole 75% WP to the earthworm Eisenia fetida in artificial soil.

Combined acute toxicity of chloride Cd, malathion and acetochlor on Eisenia fetida earthworm

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 562-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Peng QIAO ◽  
Yu-Hui QIAO ◽  
Jing ZHAO ◽  
Zhen-Jun SUN
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Eisenia Fetida

scholarly journals Chemopreventive role of Coriandrum sativum against gentamicin-induced renal histopathological damage in rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijeet Lakhera ◽  
Aditya Ganeshpurkar ◽  
Divya Bansal ◽  
Nazneen Dubey
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Coriandrum Sativum ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Oecd Guideline ◽  
Important Medicinal Plant

Abstract Drug induced nephrotoxicity is one of the most common causes of renal failure. Gentamicin belongs to aminoglycosides, which elicit nephrotoxic potential. Natural antioxidants from plants demonstrate a number of biotherapeutic activities. Coriander is an important medicinal plant known for its hepatoprotective, diuretic, carminative, digestive and antihelminthic potential. This study was designed to investigate whether the extract of Coriandrum sativum ameliorates the nephrotoxicity induced by gentamicin in rats. Dried coriander powder was coarsely grinded and subjected to defatting by petroleum ether and further with ethyl acetate. The extract was filtered and subjected to phytochemical and phytoanalytical studies. Acute toxicity in Wistar rats was determined by the OECD Guideline (423). Animals were divided into four groups. The first group served as positive control, while the second group was toxic control (gentamicin treated). The third and fourth group were treated with the extract (200 and 400 mg/kg gentamicin). After 8 days, the animals were sacrificed and biochemical and histopathological studies were carried out. Phytochemical screening of the extract demonstrated Coriandrum sativum to be rich in flavonoids, polyphenolics and alkaloids. Results of acute toxicity suggested the use of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg for Coriandrum sativum in the study. Coriandrum sativum extract at the dose of 400 mg/kg significantly (p<0.01) decreased creatinine levels in the animals, along with a decrease in serum urea and blood urea nitrogen. Treatment with Coriandrum sativum extract ameliorated renal histological lesions. It is concluded that Coriandrum sativum is a potential source of nephroprotective phytochemical activity, with flavonoids and polyphenols as the major components.

scholarly journals Acute and Sub-Acute Toxicity Evaluation of the Methanolic Extract of Alstonia scholaris Stem Bark

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idris Bello ◽  
Abdulmenem Bakkouri ◽  
Yasser Tabana ◽  
Bassel Al-Hindi ◽  
Majed Al-Mansoub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Toxicity Evaluation ◽  
Alstonia Scholaris

Evaluation of the Potential Toxicity of the Starch from the Shoot of Borassus Aethiopum Mart in Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
F.Y. Tata ◽  
S.A. Francis ◽  
S. J. Madu ◽  
H.A. Sa’ab ◽  
M.A. Abdulrazaq
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Potential Toxicity ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Family ◽  
Relative Organ Weight ◽  
Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Oecd Guideline ◽  
Borassus Aethiopum

Background: The shoot of Borassus aethiopum is cultivated and consumed in Northern Nigeria. Its starch has been investigated for use in pharmaceutical formulation but have limited studies on its toxicity. Toxicity is the degree to which a substance (a toxin or poison) can harm humans or animals. The plant Borassus aethiopum Mart belongs to the family Aracaceae, commonly known as the African Fan Palm. The shoot of the plant is commonly referred to as “Muruchi” in Hausa and is widely available and edible.Objective: This experimental research was designed to examine the potential toxicity of the starch from the shoot of Borassus aethiopum in acute and subacute studies using Wistar rats.Material and Methods: Fresh shoots of Borassus aethiopum were obtained, washed, peeled and grinded using mechanical grinder. The starch was extracted using water. Acute toxicity was carried out using OECD guideline 425. Healthy rats of both sexes were randomly grouped into four groups of six rats each (n=6) for the 28-days oral toxicity study. Distilled water was administered at the dose of 2ml/kg to group I which served as the control while groups II, III and IV were orally administered the starch from the shoot of Borassus aethiopum at the doses of 300, 600 and 1200 mg/kg daily for 28 days respectively. The animals were sacrificed after 28-days at which the blood samples were collected through cardiac puncture into plain and EDTA-containing tubes for biochemical and haematological analyses respectively. The liver, kidney, heart and spleen were excised, weighed and examined macroscopically.Results: The phytochemical screening reveals the presence of alkaloids, tannins, and carbohydrate. The acute toxicity (LD50) of Borassus aethiopum was found to be greater than 4000 mg/kg body weight. No notable and significant changes in the relative organ weight as well as the levels of the renal and hematological biomarkers when compared with the control. However, there was significant increase in serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT).Conclusion: In conclusion, the results of this study indicated that the starch from the shoot of Borassus aethiopum showed some evidence of potential toxicity on the liver but did not affect the renal and haematological parameters.

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