Antiemesis Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 470 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Ability ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Wound Dehiscence ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Nutrient Depletion ◽  
Chemotherapy Treatment ◽  
Anticancer Treatment ◽  
Recent Version

Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (emesis) can significantly affect a patient's quality of life, leading to poor adherence with further chemotherapy treatment. In addition, nausea and vomiting can result in metabolic imbalances, degeneration of self-care and functional ability, nutrient depletion, anorexia, decline of the patient's performance status and mental status, wound dehiscence, esophageal tears, and withdrawal from potentially useful or curative anticancer treatment. The incidence and severity of nausea and/or vomiting in patients receiving chemotherapy are affected by numerous factors, including (1) the specific chemotherapeutic agents used, (2) dosage, (3) the schedule and route of administration, and (4) individual patient variability. Approximately 70% to 80% of all cancer patients receiving chemotherapy experience emesis, and 10% to 44% experience anticipatory emesis. For the most recent version of the guidelines, please visit NCCN.org

Antiemesis

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
_ _
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Poor Adherence ◽  
Chemotherapy Treatment ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Recent Version

Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (emesis) can significantly affect a patient's quality of life, leading to poor adherence with further chemotherapy treatment. In addition, nausea and vomiting can result in other serious complications and deterioration of the patient's status. These guidelines explore the prevention, treatment, and management of various types of emesis experienced by cancer patients, such as breakthrough, radiation-induced, and anticipatory. For the most recent version of the guidelines, please visit NCCN.org

A Review of the Prevention of Nausea and Vomiting Induced by Chemotherapy

2013 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolph M Navari ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Drug Class ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Receptor Antagonists ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Neurokinin 1 ◽  
Unique Mechanism

Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is associated with a significant deterioration in quality of life. The emetogenicity of the chemotherapeutic agents, repeated chemotherapy cycles and patient risk factors significantly influence CINV. The use of a combination of 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonists, dexamethasone and a neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptor antagonist has significantly improved the control of acute and delayed emesis in single-day chemotherapy. Palonosetron, a second-generation 5-HT3 receptor antagonist with a unique mechanism of action, appears to be the most effective agent in its class. Aprepitant, the only agent clinically available in the drug class of NK-1 receptor antagonists, has been used effectively as an additive agent to the 5-HT3 receptor antagonists and dexamethasone. Despite the control of emesis, nausea has not been well controlled by current agents. Olanzapine, a US Food and Drug Administration-approved antipsychotic, has emerged in recent trials as effective for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced emesis and nausea and for the treatment of breakthrough emesis and nausea. Additional studies are necessary for the control of nausea and for the control of CINV in the clinical settings of multi-day chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation.

Management of chemotherapy‐induced anemia (CIA) with biosimilar epoetin alfa (Binocrit) in patients with colorectal cancer (CC): An interim analysis of an ongoing French national observational study (The OncoBOS study).

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 742-742
Author(s):  
Jean Philippe Metges ◽  
Jean-Pierre Crumbach ◽  
Daniela Petran ◽  
Vincent Boulanger ◽  
Otilia Stamerra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Chemotherapy Treatment ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Iv Iron ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Biosimilar Epoetin Alfa

742 Background: OncoBOS is a prospective, non-interventional study describing Binocrit use in routine practice in France in patients receiving chemotherapy treatment (CT) for solid tumors, lymphoma, or myeloma. This interim sub-analysis focuses on patients with CC, receiving usual chemotherapeutic agents. Methods: Patients ≥18 years with CC, CIA, and eligible for treatment with Binocrit were included in this analysis. Patients characteristics, data on CIA and its management, and predominant factors considered by the physician in prescribing Binocrit were recorded at baseline (BL), 3-4 weeks and 12 (±1) weeks later. Hemoglobin (Hb) outcomes assessed included the proportion of patients achieving a Hb increase ≥1 and ≥2 g/dL, and the mean Hb change from BL. Results: 96 patients with CC (51 males [53.1%], mean age 68.5 years) from 28 sites were recruited from September 2011 to April 2014. Mean and median BL Hb levels were 9.9 g/dL and 10 g/dL, respectively. The mean increase in Hb level was 1.2 g/dL after 1 month and 1.7 g/dL after 3 months (p<0.001 vs. BL) of Binocrit treatment. A Hb increase ≥1 g/dL was achieved by 56.8% of patients at week 3-4 and 77.6% at week 12; a Hb increase ≥2 g/dL was achieved by 17.9% and 47.4% of patients at the same time points. Patients received a median dose of 30,000 IU Binocrit once weekly. Four of the 96 patients (4.2%) required a dose increase. Transfusion rates remained low at 2.1% and 1.1% at week 3-4 and week 12, respectively. Oral and intravenous (IV) iron supplementation rates were low: oral iron was received by 4.2% and 4.7% of patients at week 3-4 and week 12, respectively; 15.6% and 9.3% of patients received IV supplementation at the same time points. Physicians considered quality of life (49%), fatigue (24%), and avoidance of blood transfusion (15.6%) as predominant factors in the rationale for CIA management. Over the treatment period, no treatment-related adverse reaction was recorded. Conclusions: This sub-analysis indicates that Binocrit, used in routine practice, is effective and well tolerated for the treatment of CIA in patients with CC, whatever CT received.

scholarly journals Serum Vitamin Levels among Iraqi Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (B) ◽  
pp. 231-234
Author(s):  
Mohammed Salim Abdulrahman ◽  
Hedef D. El-Yassin ◽  
Nada. A. S. Al-Alwan
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Nutritional Elements ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Elisa Technique

BACKGROUND: Cancers are an abnormal irregular growth of cells. There is an interaction between cancer cells, immune cells, and neurotransmitters with nutritional elements and vitamins. With the administration of chemotherapeutic agents, many studies have highlighted the importance of these interactions and the role of chemotherapeutic drugs in augmenting or ameliorating such changes. Therefore, early detection of vitamins level changes is vital to improve patients’ short-term outcome and quality of life. AIM: The aim was assessment of serum vitamins level changes in patients with cancer pre- and post-chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cohort study was carried out on newly diagnosed patients with cancer in Al-Amal National Radiation Oncology Hospital/Baghdad/Iraq during the period from January 2019 to July 2019. Assessments of the studied samples were conducted as a baseline before receiving chemotherapy and after the third cycle of chemotherapy. Weight, height and body mass index (BMI) were measured for each subject enrolled in the study. Serum level of the following vitamins: A, B1, B2, B3, B6, B12, folic acid, D, and E was measured using ELISA technique. RESULTS: One Hundred patients who were diagnosed with different types of cancer were enrolled in this study. Seventy seven (77%) females and twenty three (23%) males. Mean age was 50.15 years ranged between (18-75) years old, BMI range (16-42). Serum vitamin levels that have shown a significant decrease post chemotherapy as compared with baseline were: A (0.64 ± 0.23 vs 0.64 ± 0.23, P=0.0003), E (19.47 ± 4.714 vs 14.70 ± 5.354, P<0.0001), B12 (366.0 ± 95.94 vs 291.1 ± 102.6, P<0.001), B9 (16.13 ± 4.13 vs 16.13 ± 4.13, P<0.0001) whereas vitamins B6 and D which showed lower than normal baseline level underwent significant increase after chemotherapy yet remained below normal (vitamin B6 4.19 ± 1.94 vs 8.22 ± 5.39; vitamin D 21.11 ± 7.21 vs 26.55 ± 15.22). CONCLUSION: Our findings highlight the importance of updating and tailoring our regimens to suit the changes of the nutritional elements and parameters of performance status of cancer patients in terms of outcome and patient satisfaction.

QUALITY OF LIFE PROBLEMS OF GYNECOLOGICAL CANCER PATIENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-374
Author(s):  
Olga Churuksaeva ◽  
Larisa Kolomiets
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
Anticancer Treatment ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Relationship

Due to improvements in short- and long-term clinical outcomes a study of quality of life is one of the most promising trends in oncology today. This review analyzes the published literature on problems dealing with quality of life of patients with gynecological cancer. Data on quality of life with respect to the extent of anticancer treatment as well as psychological and social aspects are presented. The relationship between quality of life and survival has been estimated.

Cytoprotective Agents to Avoid Chemotherapy Induced Sideeffects on Normal Cells: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 765-781
Author(s):  
Seema Rohilla ◽  
Harish Dureja ◽  
Vinay Chawla
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Agents ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Normal Cells ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Delay In Treatment

Anticancer agents play a vital role in the cure of patients suffering from malignancy. Though, the chemotherapeutic agents are associated with various adverse effects which produce significant toxic symptoms in the patients. But this therapy affects both the malignant and normal cells and leads to constricted therapeutic index of antimalignant drugs which adversely impacts the quality of patients’ life. Due to these adversities, sufficient dose of drug is not delivered to patients leading to delay in treatment or improper treatment. Chemoprotective agents have been developed either to minimize or to mitigate the toxicity allied with chemotherapeutic agents. Without any concession in the therapeutic efficacy of anticancer drugs, they provide organ specific guard to normal tissues.

Assessing the impact of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting on patients’ quality of life: An Arabic version of the Functional Living Index-Emesis

2021 ◽  
pp. 107815522199844
Author(s):  
Abdullah M Alhammad ◽  
Nora Alkhudair ◽  
Rawan Alzaidi ◽  
Latifa S Almosabhi ◽  
Mohammad H Aljawadi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Arabic Version ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Arabic Speaking ◽  
The Impact

Introduction Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting is a serious complication of cancer treatment that compromises patients’ quality of life and treatment adherence, which necessitates regular assessment. Therefore, there is a need to assess patient-reported nausea and vomiting using a validated scale among Arabic speaking cancer patient population. The objective of this study was to translate and validate the Functional Living Index-Emesis (FLIE) instrument in Arabic, a patient-reported outcome measure designed to assess the influence of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting on patients’ quality of life. Methods Linguistic validation of an Arabic-language version was performed. The instrument was administered to cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in a tertiary hospital's cancer center in Saudi Arabia. Results One-hundred cancer patients who received chemotherapy were enrolled. The participants’ mean age was 53.3 ± 14.9 years, and 50% were female. Half of the participants had a history of nausea and vomiting with previous chemotherapy. The Cronbach coefficient alpha for the FLIE was 0.9606 and 0.9736 for nausea and vomiting domains, respectively, which indicated an excellent reliability for the Arabic FLIE. The mean FLIE score was 110.9 ± 23.5, indicating no or minimal impact on daily life (NIDL). Conclusions The Arabic FLIE is a valid and reliable tool among the Arabic-speaking cancer population. Thus, the Arabic version of the FLIE will be a useful tool to assess the quality of life among Arabic speaking patients receiving chemotherapy. Additionally, the translated instrument will be a useful tool for future research studies to explore new antiemetic treatments among cancer patients.

scholarly journals Prospective cohort study of surgical outcome for spinal metastases in patients aged 70 years or older

2020 ◽  
Vol 102-B (12) ◽  
pp. 1709-1716
Author(s):  
Yutaro Kanda ◽  
Kenichiro Kakutani ◽  
Yoshitada Sakai ◽  
Takashi Yurube ◽  
Shingo Miyazaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Performance Status ◽  
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group ◽  
Spinal Metastases ◽  
Palliative Surgery ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
Health State ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
The Mean

Aims With recent progress in cancer treatment, the number of advanced-age patients with spinal metastases has been increasing. It is important to clarify the influence of advanced age on outcomes following surgery for spinal metastases, especially with a focus on subjective health state values. Methods We prospectively analyzed 101 patients with spinal metastases who underwent palliative surgery from 2013 to 2016. These patients were divided into two groups based on age (< 70 years and ≥ 70 years). The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS), Barthel index (BI), and EuroQol-5 dimension (EQ-5D) score were assessed at study enrolment and at one, three, and six months after surgery. The survival times and complications were also collected. Results In total, 65 patients were aged < 70 years (mean 59.6 years; 32 to 69) and 36 patients were aged ≥ 70 years (mean 75.9 years; 70 to 90). In both groups, the PS improved from PS3 to PS1 by spine surgery, the mean BI improved from < 60 to > 80 points, and the mean EQ-5D score improved from 0.0 to > 0.7 points. However, no significant differences were found in the improvement rates and values of the PS, BI, and EQ-5D score at any time points between the two groups. The PS, BI, and EQ-5D score improved throughout the follow-up period in approximately 90% of patients in each group. However, the improved PS, BI, and EQ-5D scores subsequently deteriorated in some patients, and the redeterioration rate of the EQ-5D was significantly higher in patients aged ≥ 70 than < 70 years (p = 0.027). Conclusion Palliative surgery for spinal metastases improved the PS, activities of daily living, and quality of life, regardless of age. However, clinicians should be aware of the higher risk of redeterioration of the quality of life in advanced-age patients. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(12):1709–1716.

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