scholarly journals Diferencias de personalidad y en variables psicológicas relacionadas con el riesgo de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Ángeles Castejón Martínez ◽  
Rosendo Berengüi
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Psychological Variables ◽  
Referral Form ◽  
Remission Criteria ◽  
Psychological Scales ◽  
Los Grupos

Determinadas variables psicológicas y la personalidad son consideradas como factores predisponentes o influyentes para el posterior desarrollo de los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria, así como también la puesta en práctica de determinados comportamientos de riesgo, como los atracones, vómitos o la práctica de ejercicio físico excesivo para la pérdida de peso. El objetivo del estudio fue comparar las diferencias en personalidad y variables psicológicas relevantes relacionadas con los TCA, en mujeres y hombres, a partir del cumplimiento de criterios específicos a partir de los cuales se recomienda la derivación a un especialista en patologías alimentarias. En el estudio participaron 604 estudiantes universitarios, y se emplearon el Inventario de Trastornos de la Conducta Alimentaria (EDI-3) y su cuestionario de remisión (EDI-3 RF), y el Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). Los resultados mostraron que hasta el 58.5% de mujeres y 49.5% de hombres cumplen criterios de remisión. Tanto en mujeres como en hombres, existen diferencias entre los grupos con criterios y quienes no los presentan, principalmente en neuroticismo, obsesión por la delgadez, bulimia, insatisfacción corporal y ascetismo. Las puntuaciones en el factor neuroticismo y en la gran mayoría de escalas psicológicas son también superiores en los sujetos que cumplen con mayor número de criterios. Certain psychological variables and personality are considered as predisposing or influential factors for the subsequent development of eating disorders. Also the implementation of some risk behaviors, such as binge eating, vomiting or excessive physical exercise for weight loss. The objective of the study was to compare the differences in personality and relevant psychological variables related to eating disorders, in women and men, based on compliance with specific criteria to help identify individuals with potential eating disorders. Participants were 604 university students. The Eating Disorder Inventory-3 (EDI-3) and referral form (EDI-3 RF), and the Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) were used. The results showed that up to 58.5% of women and 49.5% of men met remission criteria. In both women and men, there are differences between groups with criteria and those who do not, mainly in neuroticism, drive for thinness, bulimia, body dissatisfaction and asceticism. The scores in the neuroticism factor and in the great majority of psychological scales are also higher in the subjects that accomplish the highest number of criteria.

A Mediational Model of Autonomy, Self-Esteem, and Eating Disordered Attitudes and Behaviors

1996 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina M. Frederick ◽  
Virginia M. Grow
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
College Women ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eating Disordered ◽  
Mediational Model ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Eating Disordered Behaviors

This study expands upon existing literature by examining how the relationship between autonomy deficits and low self-esteem may create a psychological environment conducive to the development of eating disordered behaviors. Findings supported a mediational model to account for eating disordered behaviors in 71 college women. In this model, lack of autonomy was related to decreased global self-esteem, which in turn was associated with bulimia, body dissatisfaction, and drive for thinness. Although only tentative and cross-sectional in nature, this study is of particular importance because it links autonomy and self-esteem in a coherent model predictive of eating disordered behaviors in college women. Developmental aspects of eating disorders and treatment implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Increased plasticity of the bodily self in eating disorders

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 819-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Eshkevari ◽  
E. Rieger ◽  
M. R. Longo ◽  
P. Haggard ◽  
J. Treasure
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Visual Processing ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Emotional Dysregulation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Maintenance Factors ◽  
Self Objectification

BackgroundThe rubber hand illusion (RHI) has been widely used to investigate the bodily self in healthy individuals. The aim of the present study was to extend the use of the RHI to examine the bodily self in eating disorders (EDs).MethodThe RHI and self-report measures of ED psychopathology [the Eating Disorder Inventory – 3 (EDI-3) subscales of Drive for Thinness, Bulimia, Body Dissatisfaction, Interoceptive Deficits, and Emotional Dysregulation; the 21-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21); and the Self-Objectification Questionnaire (SOQ)] were administered to 78 individuals with an ED and 61 healthy controls.ResultsIndividuals with an ED experienced the RHI significantly more strongly than healthy controls on both perceptual (i.e. proprioceptive drift) and subjective (i.e. self-report questionnaire) measures. Furthermore, both the subjective experience of the RHI and associated proprioceptive biases were correlated with ED psychopathology. Approximately 23% of the variance for embodiment of the fake hand was accounted for by ED psychopathology, with interoceptive deficits and self-objectification significant predictors of embodiment.ConclusionsThese results indicate that the bodily self is more plastic in people with an ED. These findings may shed light on both aetiological and maintenance factors involved in EDs, particularly visual processing of the body, interoceptive deficits, and self-objectification.

Psychological variables impacting weight gain rapidity in adolescents hospitalized for eating disorders

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 376-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renee Phillips ◽  
Sunita M. Stewart ◽  
Katherine Presnell ◽  
Alexander Simmons ◽  
Betsy D. Kennard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Psychological Variables

scholarly journals Post-hospitalization Daycare Treatment for Adolescents With Eating Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liron Litmanovich-Cohen ◽  
Amit Yaroslavsky ◽  
Liron Roni Halevy-Yosef ◽  
Tal Shilton ◽  
Adi Enoch-Levy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Inpatient Treatment ◽  
Semistructured Interview ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Menstrual Cycles ◽  
Self Rating ◽  
Remission Criteria

Background: There are several possible facilities for the treatment of eating disorders (EDs). Specifically, there is the issue of the use of specialized daycare and ambulatory services over inpatient settings and the place of daycare programs following inpatient treatment.Aim: We sought to examine the contribution of post-hospitalization daycare program to the treatment of adolescents hospitalized with an ED.Methods: We assessed 61 female adolescents hospitalized with an ED. All but three were diagnosed with clinical or subthreshold anorexia nervosa (AN). Three were diagnosed with bulimia nervosa. Thirty-seven patients continued with a post-hospitalization daycare program for at least 5 months, whereas 24 did not enter or were enrolled in the program for <5 months. Patients completed on admission to, and discharge from, inpatient treatment self-rating questionnaires assessing ED-related symptoms, body-related attitudes and behaviors, and depression and anxiety. Social functioning was assessed 1 year from discharge using open-ended questions. One-year ED outcome was evaluated according to the patients' body mass index (BMI) and according to composite remission criteria, assessed with a standardized semistructured interview. To be remitted from an ED, patients were required to maintain a stable weight, to have regular menstrual cycles, and not to engage in binging, purging, and restricting behaviors for at least eight consecutive weeks before their assessment.Results: BMI was within normal range at follow-up, whether completing or not completing daycare treatment, and around 75% of the patients had menstrual cycles. By contrast, when using comprehensive composite remission criteria, less than a quarter of former inpatients not entering/not completing daycare program achieved remission vs. almost a half of the completers. In addition, a greater percentage of completers continued with psychotherapy following discharge. Fifty percent of both groups showed good post-discharge social functioning. No between-group differences were found in the BMI and the scores of the self-rating questionnaires at admission to, and discharge from, inpatient treatment.Conclusion: Adolescent females with EDs can maintain a normal-range BMI from discharge to 1-year follow-up, even if not completing daycare treatment. By contrast, completion of a post-hospitalization daycare program may improve the 1-year follow-up ED-related outcome of former ED inpatients.

Non-alcoholic steatosis and eating disorders

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 731-731
Author(s):  
A.M. Strangio ◽  
F. Focà ◽  
P. Blanco ◽  
G. Luci ◽  
L. Rinaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Multidisciplinary Treatment ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver

IntroductionNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming the most common liver disease worldwide. Prolonged fasting and excessive caloric intake are possible nutritional causes of NAFLD incurred by patients with eating disorders (ED).AimsAims of this study are: identifying if eating disorders are associated with NAFLD; evaluating possible improvements of the risk of NAFLD and of psychopathology determined by integrated multidisciplinary treatment (behavioral therapy, dietary assessment and treatment, clinical care overall).Methods78 patients with ED received the integrated multidisciplinary treatment. Psychopathology and eating symptoms were assessed before and after treatment through Eating Disorder Inventory and Questionnaire of Eating Behaviours (QEB). The risk of NAFLD was evaluated by Fatty liver index (FLI) based on values of γGT, BMI, triglycerides and waist circumference.Results54% of patients with binge eating disorder in our sample has a 60-FLI, indicating a risk of NAFLD higher than 85%.FLI (p: 0.003) and yGT (p: 0.006) were significantly lower after treatment, thus indicating an improvement in the risk of NAFLD. Four of the eight EDI's subscales improved: Drive for thinness (p: 0.008), Interoceptive awareness (p < 0.001), Bulimia (p: 0.001), Ineffectiveness (p: 0.014). Two of the three SCA's subscales improved: Binge Eating (p: 0.001) and Food Restriction (p: 0.016).Conclusionsthe association between NAFLD and eating disorders was shown together with the efficacy of the multidisciplinary treatment. The risk index FLI and γGT were reduced by the therapy but should be monitorized over time.

scholarly journals Prevention of Eating Disorders at Universities: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Harrer ◽  
Sophia Helen Adam ◽  
Eva-Maria Messner ◽  
Harald Baumeister ◽  
Pim Cuijpers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Eating Disorder Symptoms ◽  
Eating Disorder Prevention ◽  
Disorder Prevention

Background. Eating problems are highly prevalent among young adults. Universities could be an optimal setting to prevent eating disorders through psychological intervention. As part of the World Mental Health-International College Student initiative, this systematic review and meta-analysis synthesizes data on the efficacy of eating disorder prevention programs targeting university students.Method. A systematic literature search of bibliographical databases (CENTRAL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO) for randomized trials comparing psychological preventive interventions for eating disorders in university students to psychoeducation or inactive controls was performed through October 8th, 2018.Results. Twenty-two studies were included. Eight (36.4%) were rated to have a low risk of bias. The relative risk of developing a subthreshold or full-blown eating disorder was IRR=0.62 (95%CI: 0.44-0.87, n=8; standardized clinical interviews only), indicating a 38% decrease in incidence in the intervention groups compared to controls. Small to moderate between- group effects at post-test were found on self-reported global eating disorder symptoms (g=0.36, 95%CI: 0.25-0.47, n=20), dieting (g=0.47, 95%CI: 0.30- 0.64, n=18), body dissatisfaction (g=0.50, 95%CI: 0.33-0.67, n=14), drive for thinness (g=0.43, 95%CI: 0.27-0.59, n=12), weight concerns (g=0.33, 95%CI: 0.10-0.57, n=13) and affective symptoms (g=0.28, 95%CI: 0.16-0.40, n=14). Effects on bulimia were not significant. Heterogeneity was low to moderate across comparisons.Discussion. Eating disorder prevention on campus can have significant, small-to-moderate effects on eating disorder symptoms and risk factors. Results also suggest that the prevention of subthreshold and full-syndrome eating disorders is feasible using such interventions. More research is needed to identify effects on academic functioning, as well as ways to motivate students to use preventive eating disorder interventions.

scholarly journals Problematic usage of the internet and eating disorders: a multifaceted, systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Ioannidis ◽  
Charlotte Taylor ◽  
Leah Holt ◽  
Kate Brown ◽  
Christine Lochner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Eating Disorder Psychopathology ◽  
Multiple Levels

Eating disorders are widespread illnesses with significant impact. There is growing concern about how those at risk of eating disorders overuse online resources to their detriment. We conducted a pre-registered systematic review and meta-analysis of studies examining Problematic Usage of the Internet (PUI) and eating disorders. The meta-analysis comprised n=32,295 participants, in which PUI was correlated with significant eating disorder psychopathology Pearson r=0.22 (s.e.=0.04, p<0.001), body dissatisfaction r=0.16 (s.e.=0.02, p<0.001), drive-for-thinness r=0.16 (s.e.=0.04, p<0.001) and dietary restraint r=0.18 (s.e.=0.03). Effects were not moderated by gender, PUI facet or study quality. Results are in support of PUI impacting significantly on vulnerable populations towards the development or maintenance of eating disorder psychopathology; males may be equally vulnerable to these potential effects. Prospective and experimental studies in the field suggest that small but significant effects exist and may have accumulative influence over time and across all age groups. Those findings are important to expand our understanding of PUI as a multifaceted concept and its impact on multiple levels of ascertainment of eating disorder psychopathology.

scholarly journals Body Dissatisfaction, Restrictive, and Bulimic Behaviours among Young Women: A Polish–Japanese Comparison

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadetta Izydorczyk ◽  
Ha Truong Thi Khanh ◽  
Sebastian Lizińczyk ◽  
Katarzyna Sitnik-Warchulska ◽  
Małgorzata Lipowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Japanese Women ◽  
Drive For Thinness ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sociocultural Attitudes ◽  
Cultural Standards ◽  
Eating Disorders Inventory

The growing number of women, who are characterized by restrictive and bulimic behaviours towards their own body is observed especially in countries influenced by Westernalization. However, there is a lack of cross-cultural studies in this area. The main aim of the present study was to examine the psychological and socio-cultural risk factors for eating disorders in Polish and Japanese women. A cross-sectional research study was conducted among 18- to 29-year old Polish (n = 89) and Japanese (n = 97) women. The variables were measured using the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Scale SATAQ-3, and the Eating Disorders Inventory EDI-3. The descriptive and comparative statistics, Spearman’s rho, and the stepwise regression analysis were used. The global internalization of socio-cultural standards of body image proved to be a significant predictor of Body Dissatisfaction among Polish and Japanese women. The main analysis showed a significant relation between the Drive for Thinness and Interoceptive Deficits in the group of Japanese women, as well as a correlation between Drive for Thinness and Asceticism in the group of Polish women. The obtained results could improve the prevention aimed the dysfunctional eating behaviours. However, the cultural nuances need to be considered in understanding the risk factors for eating disorders.

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