scholarly journals Meta-análisis del efecto en el rendimiento académico de los Smartphones como herramienta educativa en educación superior (2016-2020)

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-234
Author(s):  
Belinda Uxach Molina
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Rigorous Analysis ◽  
Educacion Superior ◽  
University Settings ◽  
University Classrooms ◽  
Final Selection

La presente investigación pretende aunar los esfuerzos de distintos investigadores realizados en los últimos 5 años (2016-2020) sobre el análisis del efecto producido por los Smartphones en la educación reglada, concretamente en el ámbito universitario. En relación con la metodología seguida se tomó como referencia las fases recomendadas por Meca (2010). Los estudios incluidos en este meta-análisis han sido seleccionados de entre los que se obtuvieron como respuesta en la búsqueda de las siguientes bases de datos: Scopus, WoS, Eric y Dialnet, y cumplían con los criterios determinados a priori basados en las necesidades del estudio. Finalmente 25 artículos configuraron la población de este meta-análisis tras haber sido sometidos un total de 2286 a riguroso análisis. Durante la investigación se consideró necesario analizar la influencia del tiempo, al que estuvo cada grupo expuesto a la metodología m-learning y las posibles diferencias entre estudios sobre idiomas u otros ámbitos en la magnitud del efecto. Los resultados obtenidos, en cuanto a la magnitud del efecto y los análisis realizados, muestran una clara influencia positiva de la metodología m-learning en el rendimiento académico de los alumnos. Por tanto, se considera congruente la implementación de la metodología m-learning en las aulas universitarias y la profundización en el estudio de su efecto explorando otros niveles y áreas de conocimiento. This study aims to bring together the efforts made by different researchers over the last 5 years (2016-2020) regarding the analysis of the effect produced by Smartphones in formal education, specifically in university settings. In relation to the methodology followed, the phases recommended by Meca (2010) were taken as a reference. The studies included in this meta-analysis were selected through a search in the following databases: Scopus, WoS, Eric and Dialnet, and met the criteria determined a priori based on the needs of the study. The final selection included 25 articles, after a total of 2286 articles were subjected to rigorous analysis. During the investigation, the authors considered necessary to analyze (i) the influence of time of exposure of each group to the m-learning methodology and (ii) the possible differences between studies on languages or other aspects in the magnitude of the effect. In terms of the magnitude of the effect and the analyses conducted, the results show a clear positive influence of the m-learning methodology on students’ academic performance. Therefore, implementing m-learning methodology in university classrooms and to study its effect in depth by exploring other levels and areas of knowledge is considered congruent.

Replication of the Superstition and Performance Study by

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Calin-Jageman ◽  
Tracy L. Caldwell
Keyword(s):  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
And Performance

A recent series of experiments suggests that fostering superstitions can substantially improve performance on a variety of motor and cognitive tasks ( Damisch, Stoberock, & Mussweiler, 2010 ). We conducted two high-powered and precise replications of one of these experiments, examining if telling participants they had a lucky golf ball could improve their performance on a 10-shot golf task relative to controls. We found that the effect of superstition on performance is elusive: Participants told they had a lucky ball performed almost identically to controls. Our failure to replicate the target study was not due to lack of impact, lack of statistical power, differences in task difficulty, nor differences in participant belief in luck. A meta-analysis indicates significant heterogeneity in the effect of superstition on performance. This could be due to an unknown moderator, but no effect was observed among the studies with the strongest research designs (e.g., high power, a priori sampling plan).

Habilitación Profesional: Caso Ecuador

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 15-23
Author(s):  
Ana Lucía Ruano ◽  
Alejandro Vizuete ◽  
Juan Carlos Moreno ◽  
Willian Quishpe Revelo
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Standard Setting ◽  
Educación Superior ◽  
Educacion Superior ◽  
Para Determinar

Históricamente en los diversos sistemas educativos, la principal herramienta para evaluar los resultados de aprendizaje corresponde a pruebas, test o exámenes, que pueden ser de orden escrito, verbal o demostraciones prácticas. Estos instrumentos son utilizados a diferentes escalas, desde el aula de clase hasta los exámenes a nivel local, nacional o regional y generalmente sirven de base para inferir sobre los conocimientos y aptitudes de los evaluados. Esta clase de exámenes se encuentran sujetos a ciertas dificultades y limitaciones, como el determinar a priori, el nivel de aprendizaje · habilidad- de la cohorte o grupo de personas a ser evaluadas. Una de las actividades con mayor dificultad en la gestión de la aplicación de estos exámenes es determinar el punto de corte que establece si una persona adquirió, o no, las habilidades y competencias para ejercer !a profesión, para esto se utilizan varias metodologías {standard setting). En este artículo se detalla y analizan los métodos utilizados por el Consejo de Evaluación, Acreditación y Aseguramiento de la Calidad de la Educación Superior-Ceaaces, para determinar estándares en los exámenes que se aplican como parte de la certificación para la habilitación profesional en el Ecuador.

Web-based Tools for Drug Repurposing: Successful Examples of Collaborative Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-195
Author(s):  
Quentin Vanhaelen
Keyword(s):  
User Interfaces ◽  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Drug Repurposing ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Computational Tools ◽  
Web Based

: Computational approaches have been proven to be complementary tools of interest in identifying potential candidates for drug repurposing. However, although the methods developed so far offer interesting opportunities and could contribute to solving issues faced by the pharmaceutical sector, they also come with their constraints. Indeed, specific challenges ranging from data access, standardization and integration to the implementation of reliable and coherent validation methods must be addressed to allow systematic use at a larger scale. In this mini-review, we cover computational tools recently developed for addressing some of these challenges. This includes specific databases providing accessibility to a large set of curated data with standardized annotations, web-based tools integrating flexible user interfaces to perform fast computational repurposing experiments and standardized datasets specifically annotated and balanced for validating new computational drug repurposing methods. Interestingly, these new databases combined with the increasing number of information about the outcomes of drug repurposing studies can be used to perform a meta-analysis to identify key properties associated with successful drug repurposing cases. This information could further be used to design estimation methods to compute a priori assessment of the repurposing possibilities.

scholarly journals P34 Characteristics, diagnosis and management of Cushing’s disease - A systematic review and meta-analysis

BJS Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan Hee Koh ◽  
Danyal Z Khan ◽  
Ronneil Digpal ◽  
Hugo Layard Horsfall ◽  
Hani J Marcus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Cushing’S Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Pituitary Surgery ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Cushing's Disease ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Introduction The clinical practice and research in the diagnosis and management of Cushing’s disease remains heterogeneous and challenging to this day. We sought to establish the characteristics of Cushing’s disease, and the trends in diagnosis, management and reporting in this field. Methods Searches of PubMed and Embase were conducted. Study protocol was registered a-priori. Random-effects analyses were conducted to establish numerical estimates. Results Our screening returned 159 papers. The average age of adult patients with Cushing’s disease was 39.3, and 13.6 for children. The male:female ratio was 1:3. 8% of patients had undergone previous transsphenoidal resection. The ratio of macroadenomas: microadenomas:imaging-undetectable adenomas was 18:53:29. The most commonly reported preoperative biochemical investigations were serum cortisol (average 26.4µg/dL) and ACTH (77.5pg/dL). Postoperative cortisol was most frequently used to define remission (74.8%), most commonly with threshold of 5µg/dL (44.8%). Average remission rates were 77.8% with recurrence rate of 13.9%. Median follow-up was 38 months. Majority of papers reported age (81.9%) and sex (79.4%). Only 56.6% reported whether their patients had previous pituitary surgery. 45.3% reported whether their adenomas were macroadenoma, microadenoma or undetectable. Only 24.1% reported preoperative cortisol, and this did not improve over time. 60.4% reported numerical thresholds for cortisol in defining remission, and this improved significantly over time (p = 0.004). Visual inspection of bubbleplots showed increasing preference for threshold of 5µg/dL. 70.4% reported the length of follow up. Conclusion We quantified the characteristics of Cushing’s disease, and analysed the trends in investigation and reporting. This review may help to inform future efforts in forming guidelines for research and clinical practice.

Associations between Sleep and Academic Performance in US Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie A. Musshafen ◽  
Rachel S. Tyrone ◽  
Aya Abdelaziz ◽  
Courtney E. Sims-Gomillia ◽  
Lauren S. Pongetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis

Activity Achievement Emotions and Academic Performance: A Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Camacho-Morles ◽  
Gavin R. Slemp ◽  
Reinhard Pekrun ◽  
Kristina Loderer ◽  
Hanchao Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Achievement Emotions

PERFIL DOS USUÁRIOS DE TERAPIA NUTRICIONAL PARENTERAL EM HOSPITAIS NO CENÁRIO BRASILEIRO: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DE LITERATURA

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (9) ◽  
pp. e29688
Author(s):  
Jerônimo Gregório da Silva Neto ◽  
Ana Lourdes dos Reis Silva ◽  
Bruna Rayelle Freitas Lira ◽  
Maria Eduarda Pereira Alves ◽  
Amanda Cristine Ferreira dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Electronic Library ◽  
Nrs 2002

A Terapia Nutricional são procedimentos terapêuticos realizados nos pacientes incapazes de satisfazer adequadamente suas necessidades nutricionais e metabólicas por via oral. Esse conjunto de procedimentos visa à manutenção ou recuperação do paciente em estado nutricional por meio da Nutrição Parenteral (NP) ou Enteral (NE). Investigar o perfil dos pacientes submetidos à Terapia Nutricional Parenteral (TNP) em hospitais brasileiros.  Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática realizada seguindo as recomendações PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis). Realizou-se busca para seleção dos estudos em cinco bases de dados: Literatura Latino-Americana em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Scientific Electronic, Library Online (SciELO) e Medline, usando os descritores de busca: “Terapia Nutricional”, “Nutrição Parenteral” e “Brasil”, por meio dos operadores boleanos “and” e “or”. Os critérios de inclusão foram: artigos originais, relacionados ao tema de interesse desse estudo e publicados nos últimos cinco anos (2015-2020) nos idiomas português e inglês. Por meio da investigação nas bases de dados foram encontrados 57 artigos, desses foram selecionados 43 dos últimos 5 anos, dos quais 2 eram duplicados e 12 não atendiam aos critérios de inclusão estabelecidos à priori, resultando em 14 artigos. Verificou-se risco de desnutrição de acordo com NRS-2002 e alto risco de desnutrição de acordo com 'MUST' aumentaram os custos do paciente, respectivamente, em 21,1% e 28,8%. A terapia nutricional parenteral retrata uma parte importante dos custos no tratamento de indivíduos hospitalizados, principalmente nos casos de cânceres. De acordo com os dados analisados o custo com dieta parenteral foi maior no grupo de óbitos.  

Treatment of Ureteral Stent-Related Symptoms

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Angela Pecoraro ◽  
Dario Peretti ◽  
Zhe Tian ◽  
Roberta Aimar ◽  
Gabriel Niculescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Cumulative Effect ◽  
Risk Difference ◽  
Ureteral Stent ◽  
Pde Inhibitors ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Alpha Antagonist

<b><i>Background:</i></b> The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of the main classes of drugs used at reducing morbidity related to ureteric stents. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> After establishing a priori protocol, a systematic electronic literature search was conducted in July 2019. The randomized clinical trials (RCTs) selection proceeded in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and was registered (PROSPERO ID 178130). The risk of bias and the quality assessment of the included RCTs were performed. Ureteral Stent Symptom Questionnaire (USSQ), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and quality of life (QoL) were pooled for meta-analysis. Mean difference and risk difference were calculated as appropriate for each outcome to determine the cumulative effect size. Fourteen RCTs were included in the analysis accounting for 2,842 patients. Alpha antagonist, antimuscarinic, and phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors significatively reduced all indexes of the USSQ, the IPSS and QoL scores relative to placebo. Conversely, combination therapy (alpha antagonist plus antimuscarinic) showed in all indexes of the USSQ, IPSS, and QoL over alpha antagonist or antimuscarinic alone. On comparison with alpha blockers, PDE inhibitors were found to be equally effective for urinary symptoms, general health, and body pain parameters, but sexual health parameters improved significantly with PDE inhibitors. Finally, antimuscarinic resulted in higher decrease in all indexes of the USSQ, the IPSS, and QoL relative to alpha antagonist. <b><i>Key message:</i></b> Relative to placebo, alpha antagonist alone, antimuscarinics alone, and PDE inhibitors alone have beneficial effect in reducing stent-related symptoms. Furthermore, there are significant advantages of combination therapy compared with monotherapy. Finally, PDE inhibitors are comparable to alpha antagonist, and antimuscarinic seems to be more effective than alpha antagonist alone.

Measuring the effect of ARS on academic performance: A global meta-analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 109-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
José I. Castillo-Manzano ◽  
Mercedes Castro-Nuño ◽  
Lourdes López-Valpuesta ◽  
María Teresa Sanz-Díaz ◽  
Rocío Yñiguez
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis
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