Productivity of winter wheat plants under drought

Aim. The goal of research was to study the effects of soil drought on the productivity of winter wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.). Methods. Wheat plants of the cultivars of Zolotocolosa and Astarta were grown under optimal nutrition and moisture to the earing-flowering phase. After the beginning of it the experimental plants were transferred to drought conditions for 8 days, after that the optimal water supply was restored to the end of the vegetation. The yield structure was analyzed in mature plants. Results. It is established that the effect of drought in the critical phase of ontogenesis led to a decrease in plant height, ear size, mass and number of grains in it. At the same time, the number of grains in ears of plants decreased more significantly in the cultivar Zolotocolosa compared to the Astarta, especially in the tillers. The loss of grains mass from the ear was lower in cultivar Zolotocolosa than to the Astarta. Conclusions. Water deficit in the soil in the critical phase of ear-flowering led to a decrease in the productivity of wheat plants due to the inhibition of growth, the laying and the formation elements of the ear and grains, that depended on the specificity of the cultivar. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., stem, ear, productivity, drought.

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Reproductive ability of common winter wheat plants under drought

Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv ◽

10.7124/feeo.v24.1084 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 ◽

pp. 86-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

O. I. Zhuk

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Stem Length ◽

Soil Drought ◽

Grain Number ◽

Reproductive Ability ◽

Inhibition Of Growth ◽

Critical Phase

Aim. The goal of this work was to study the effect of soil drought on the reproductive ability of common winter wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.). Methods. Wheat plants of cultivars Yednist and Zbruch were grown under optimal nutrition and well-watered conditions to the earing-flowering phase, after that the experimental plants were transferred to drought regime for 10 days, after that the optimal water supply was restored to the end of vegetation. During the experiment, the stem length and the leaf area were measured. Ripened plants were analyzed according to the structure of the yield. Results. It is established that the effect of drought in the critical phase of ontogenesis the earing-flowering led to the decreasing the stem length, the leaf area, the mass of the ear and grains, number of grains more in Zbruch cultivar than in Yednist cultivar. In Zbruch cultivar under drought the number of productive stems per plant decreased. Conclusions. Water deficiency in the soil in the critical phase of earing-flowering led to a decrease in the reproductive ability of winter wheat plants due to the inhibition of growth of stem, reduction of the leaf area, the grain number and the mass of ear and grains. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., stem, ear, productivity, drought.

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Potential productivity realization of common winter wheat plants under drought

Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv ◽

10.7124/feeo.v27.1306 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 77-82

Author(s):

O. I. Zhuk

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Soil Drought ◽

Well Water ◽

Grain Number ◽

Potential Productivity ◽

Reproductive Ability ◽

Inhibition Of Growth ◽

Critical Phase

Aim. The goal of this work was to study the effect of soil drought on the reproductive ability of common winter wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.). Methods. Wheat plants of cultivars Kujalnik and Ladijinka were grown under optimal nutrition and well-water conditions to the earing-flowering phase, after that the experimental plants were transferred to drought regime for 8 days, after that the optimal water supply was restored to the end of vegetation. During the experiment, the stem and ear length were measured. Ripened plants were analyzed according to the structure of the yield. Results. It is established that the effect of drought in the critical phase of ontogenesis the earing-flowering led to the decreasing the stem and ear length, the mass of the ear and grains, number of grains on plant. Conclusions. Water deficit in the soil in the critical phase of earing-flowering led to a decrease in the productive of winter wheat plants due to the inhibition of growth of stem and ear, decreasing grain number and the mass of ear and grains. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L, stem, ear, productivity, drought.

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Growth and productivity of wheat plants under drought in the critical phase of ontogenesis

Faktori eksperimental'noi evolucii organizmiv ◽

10.7124/feeo.v29.1403 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 35-40

Author(s):

O. I. Zhuk ◽

O.O. Stasik

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Surface Area ◽

Leaf Surface ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Grain Number ◽

Plant Weight ◽

Inhibition Of Growth ◽

Critical Phase ◽

Leaf Surface Area

Aim. The goal of this work was to study the effect of drought in the critical phase of ontogenesis on the growth and productivity of breed winter wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.). Methods. Wheat plants of cultivars Darunok Podillya and Podolyanka were grown under optimal nutrition and well-water conditions until the earing-flowering phase, after that the experimental plants were transferred to drought regime for 8 days, after that the optimal water supply was restored to the end of vegetation. During the experiment, the leaf surface area, the mass of internodes and ear were determined. Ripened plants were analyzed according to the structure of the yield. Results. It was established that the effect of drought in the critical phase of ontogenesis the earing-flowering caused to the decreasing in leaf surface area, mass of internodes, ear, mass and number of grains in the ear and plant, weight of 1000 grains. Conclusions. Water deficit in the soil in the critical phase of earing-flowering led to a decrease in the productive of breed winter wheat plants due to the inhibition of growth of ear, decreasing grain number and the mass of ear and grains. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., internode, ear, productivity, drought.

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Winter wheat (triticum aestivum l.) mutation depression under gamma-rays action

Naukovì dopovìdì Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu bìoresursiv ì prirodokoristuvannâ Ukraïni ◽

10.31548/dopovidi2021.01.008 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

M. Nazarenko ◽

◽

Y. Lykholat ◽

V. Savosko ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Plant Height ◽

Gamma Rays ◽

First Generation ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Pollen Sterility ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Research Fields ◽

Yield Structure ◽

Local Breeding

The purpose of our investigation was to identify the features of the depressive effects of the aftereffect of different doses of gamma-rays on winter wheat varieties of local breeding in terms of germination, survival, morphometry, yield. The parameters of germination and survival, the passage of the main phases of ontogenesis in winter wheat plants of French varieties (Courtiot and Gallixe) at the first generation were studied. The influence of mutagenic depression on parameters of yield structure (morphometry of mature plants) was established and the level of their variability was estimated too. In 2019 - 2020, experiments were conducted in the research fields of the research center of the Dnieper State Agrarian and Economic University. The experiments used seeds of Courtiot and Gallixe varieties, irradiated with gamma rays in doses of 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 Gy. Control was dry seeds. The variety Gallixe can be classified as resistant to gamma-rays, the variety Courtiotwas corresponded to high-sensitive. Parameter of germination and survival were directly correlated with increasing dose, with a dose of 200 Gy already semi-lethal, a dose of 250 Gy for variety Courtiot was sublethal, 300 Gy doze full-lethal, for the variety Gallixe sublethal was 300 Gy dose by which almost no plant material was obtained. Such parameters as plant height, weight of grain from the main spike and weight of thousand grains, partially (except for doses of 100-150 Gy) weight of grain from the plant reliably reproduce the mutagenic depression. Depression of the variety is affected by the dose of mutagen more than the genotype of the variety; the plant height parameter clearly demonstrates mutagenic depression. According to the results of factor and discriminant analysis as indicators affected by genotype-mutagenic interaction should be used germination and survival, pollen sterility, plant height, grain weight per spike, weight of thousand grains. Doses of 100 - 200 Gy are optimal for further use to obtain mutations; it is possible to use a dose of 250 Gy for the variety Gallixe.

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Inheritance of Plant Height, Yield of Grain, and Other Plant and Seed Characteristics in A Cross of Hard Red Winter Wheat, Triticum aestivum L. 1

Crop Science ◽

10.2135/cropsci1966.0011183x000600040011x ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 336-338 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

V. A. Johnson ◽

K. J. Biever ◽

A. Haunold ◽

J. W. Schmidt

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Plant Height ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Hard Red Winter Wheat ◽

Seed Characteristics ◽

Red Winter Wheat

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The effect of light on development of the rosette growth habit of winter wheat

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b84-119 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 818-822 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

D. W. A. Roberts

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Plant Height ◽

Growth Habit ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Plant Age ◽

Continuous Increase ◽

Light Supply ◽

Cold Hardy ◽

Effect Of Light

Young plants of the cold-hardy winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Thell.) Kharkov 22 MC did not develop atypical prostrate or rosette growth habit unless light supply exceeded 350 klux∙h∙day−1. Prostrate habit developed under both short (10-h) and long (16-h or 24-h) photoperiods. Under a given photoperiod, expression of this trait intensified as light intensities increased. This finding was demonstrated in both field and growth-cabinet experiments. The degree of development of the rosette growth habit may be assessed by plotting plant height against plant age. Plants that develop typical rosettes decline in height when the rosettes develop whereas plants that remain erect show a continuous increase in height.

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WINTER WHEAT GROWTH IN ARTIFICIALLY COMPACTED SOIL

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss88-051 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 527-535 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

W. W. WILHELM ◽

L. N. MIELKE

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Bulk Density ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Plant Height ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Thin Layers ◽

Normal Density ◽

Compacted Soil

Dense soil tillage pans can develop from the improper use of tillage tools. The influence of compacted layers or pans on plant growth and development, although much studied, is not clearly understood. This greenhouse experiment evaluated the influence of uniformly compacted soil and thin layers of compacted soil placed at various depths on early growth of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Artificially compacted soil [Alliance silt loam, Aridic Argiustoll (Eluviated Brown Chernozem); A horizon] profiles were constructed in polyvinyl chloride tubes of 150-mm diameter by 350 mm long. Treatments were: (1) uniformly noncompacted (bulk density 1.30 Mg m−3) soil; (2) uniformly compacted (bulk density 1.80 Mg m−3) soil; (3) a compacted (bulk density 1.80 Mg m−3) soil layer at 100- to 120-mm depth with the remaining soil noncompacted (bulk density 1.30 Mg m−3); or (4) a compacted (bulk density 1.80 Mg m−3) soil layer at 180- to 200-mm depth with the remaining soil noncompacted (bulk density 1.30 Mg m−3). Generally, winter wheat grown in cores that were uniformly compacted or compacted in the upper layer responded similarly. Plant height, at the end of the experiment (32 d after planting), for the uniformly compacted and upper compacted layer treatments was 280 mm, compared to 323 mm for the control (uniformly noncompacted). Leaf area development was similar to the response indicated for plant height throughout the growth period. Root mass and length tended to be less in layered or compacted soil than in noncompacted soil. Roots accumulated within or immediately above compacted soil layers. Higher bulk density or a shallow compacted layer produced winter wheat with reduced height, leaf area, and dry matter compared with soil of normal density or with a deeper compacted layer. Key words: Bulk density, Triticum aestivum L., tillage pan, wheat (winter)

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