The formation of muscle tissue and its quality in wild and domestic pigs

Aim. The aim of the study is to determine the peculiarities of muscular system formation of wild European wild boar body (Sus scrofa ferus) in comparison with modern basic breeds of pigs: large white, large black and north Caucasian, which have both theoretical and practical value. Methods. Objects of research – piglets and adult animals of European wild boar and domestic animals. Our task is to study age-related changes of growth and development of individual muscle groups in piglets of large white breed and Sus scrofa ferus piglets at 50-70 days of age, as well as to research the physicochemical properties of muscle tissue due to domestication of pigs. Results. Domestication of pig is a complex process. European wild boar has been the genetic base of breed formation process in Europe over the past 10-12 thousand years. The main role in this process belongs to such genetic mechanisms as mutation, recombination, heredity, variability and selection. Studies have established that one of domestication regularities of muscular system in animals is the result of artificial selection at each stage of animal ontogenesis. Conclusions. Exterior-constitutional changes in the proportions of pig skeleton have occurred in the process of pigs domestication and selection, at a ratio of mass of individual muscle groups. It was found that during domestication and selection of pigs, the proportion of muscles of pelvic limb and sacral spine increases, the quality of meat changes. Keywords: domestication, species, ontogeny, breed, genotype.

Download Full-text

Genetic diversity of the Central European wild boar (Sus scrofa scrofa) population and domestic pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) breeds based on a microsatellite DNA locus

Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding ◽

10.18699/vj21.095 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 25 (8) ◽

pp. 822-830

Author(s):

E. A. Snegin ◽

V. M. Makeeva ◽

A. P. Kaledin ◽

A. M. Ostapchuk ◽

I. D. Alazneli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Shannon Index ◽

Effective Size ◽

Wild Boar Population ◽

Large White ◽

Central European ◽

Principal Coordinates ◽

European Wild Boar ◽

In The Wild

The results of studies of the genetic structure of the Central European wild boar (Sus scrofa scrofa) population and four breeds of domestic pigs (Duroc, Yorkshire, Large White and Landrace) bred in the Central Black Earth region of Russia are presented in this work. Based on 12 microsatellite loci, a significant ( p <0.05) decrease in the level of genetic variability in bred breeds was shown. The expected heterozygosity and Shannon index were as follows: in the wild boar, Ho = 0.763 ± 0.026, I = 1.717 ± 0.091; in the Duroc breed, Ho = 0.569 ± 0.068, I = 1.191 ± 0.157; in the Landrace, Ho = 0.618 ± 0.062, I = 1.201 ± 0.147; in the Large White, Ho = 0.680 ± 0.029, I = 1.362 ± 0.074; and in the Yorkshire, Ho = 0.642 ± 0.065, I = 1.287 ± 0.156. The results of checking genotypic Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium based on the G-test of maximum likelihood demonstrated that the overwhelming majority of loci in the wild boar population were in the state of said equilibrium. By contrast, in pig breed populations, some loci demonstrated a significant deviation from the indicated equilibrium. In addition, the Yorkshire, Large White, and Landrace populations had loci, for which the hypothesis of neutrality was reliably rejected based on the results of the Ewens–Watterson test. The revealed private alleles, characteristic of the wild boar and breeds, can later be used to identify them. The ordination of the centroids of different herds in the space of the first two principal coordinates based on the matrix of pairwise estimates of Nei’s genetic distances showed that the most distant populations are the Duroc and Boar breeds, and the most genetically close are the Yorkshire and Landrace breeds. The closest to the wild boar population was the Large White breed. The assessment of the effective size, carried out using the method based on the linkage disequilibrium and the molecular coancestry method, showed that in all studied groups, including the wild boar population, the effective size was less than 100 individuals. The low effective size of the wild boar population (Ne = 21.8, Neb = 4.0) is probably caused by the death and shooting of animals due to Pestis africana suum.

Download Full-text

Comparison of the digestible energy content of maize, oats and alfalfa between the European wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) and Landrace×Large White pig (Sus scrofa domesticus)

Animal Feed Science and Technology ◽

10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2007.10.006 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 144 (1-2) ◽

pp. 167-173 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Suzanne M. Hodgkinson ◽

Mary Schmidt ◽

Nelson Ulloa

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Energy Content ◽

Large White ◽

Digestible Energy ◽

European Wild Boar ◽

Sus Scrofa Domesticus ◽

Large White Pig

Download Full-text

The effect of carcass weight on chemical characteristics and fatty acid composition of Longissimus dorsi and Semimembranosus muscles of European wild boar (Sus scrofa scrofa) meat

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1139/cjas-2017-0090 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 98 (3) ◽

pp. 557-564

Author(s):

Martyna Batorska ◽

Justyna Więcek ◽

Małgorzata Kunowska-Slósarz ◽

Kamila Puppel ◽

Jan Slósarz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Wild Boar ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Carcass Weight ◽

Longissimus Dorsi ◽

Chemical Characteristics ◽

Wild Boars ◽

European Wild Boar

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of carcass weight on chemical characteristics and fatty acid composition of m. longissimus dorsi and m. semimembranosus of European wild boar (Sus scrofa scrofa) meat. The research was carried out on 50 wild boars shot during four battues at hunting reserves in the central part of Poland. The carcasses were divided into three groups: ≤30 kg (G1), 31–45 kg (G2), and >45 kg (G3). The protein concentration increased with carcass weight (P ≤ 0.01). The concentration of saturated fatty acids was influenced by carcass weight and was higher when weight increased. A significantly higher level of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was found in the carcasses of wild boars from G3 compared with G1 group (P ≤ 0.01). The content of C18:2n-6 was significantly lower in the lightest carcasses compared with the heaviest (P ≤ 0.05). Statistical analysis confirmed that carcasses weight significantly affected polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) n-3 content. The lightest carcasses contained a significantly higher concentration of PUFA n-3 (P ≤ 0.01). In addition, in G3, the amount of C22:5n-3 was two-fold lower (P ≤ 0.01) than in G1. The research has shown that the meat quality was affected by the carcass weight, resulting better parameters in the lighter than in the heavier carcasses. Therefore, most of the culled wild boars should be squeakers and young boars after the first year of life.

Download Full-text

Genetic detection and analysis of porcine bocavirus type 1 (PoBoV1) in European wild boar (Sus scrofa)

Virus Genes ◽

10.1007/s11262-011-0650-4 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 376-379 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Dániel Cadar ◽

Attila Cságola ◽

Márta Lőrincz ◽

Kata Tombácz ◽

Timea Kiss ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Porcine Bocavirus ◽

European Wild Boar ◽

Genetic Detection

Download Full-text

Genome Sequences of Three African Swine Fever Viruses of Genotypes IV and XX from Zaire and South Africa, Isolated from a Domestic Pig (Sus scrofa domesticus), a Warthog (Phacochoerus africanus), and a European Wild Boar (Sus scrofa)

Microbiology Resource Announcements ◽

10.1128/mra.00341-20 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (32) ◽

Author(s):

S. Ndlovu ◽

A.-L. Williamson ◽

L. Heath ◽

O. Carulei

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Wild Boar ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

African Swine Fever Virus ◽

African Swine Fever ◽

Genome Sequences ◽

Domestic Pig ◽

European Wild Boar ◽

Sus Scrofa Domesticus ◽

Phacochoerus Africanus

ABSTRACT We report here the genome sequences of three African swine fever virus isolates obtained from a domestic pig (Zaire [Zaire]), a warthog (RSA/W1/1999 [South Africa]), and a European wild boar (RSA/2/2004 [South Africa]) belonging to genotypes IV, XX, and XX, respectively. This report increases the number of genotype XX, wild boar, and warthog reference sequences available.

Download Full-text