Application of the World Café method to discuss the efficiency of African swine fever control strategies in European wild boar (Sus scrofa) populations

ABSTRACT We report here the genome sequences of three African swine fever virus isolates obtained from a domestic pig (Zaire [Zaire]), a warthog (RSA/W1/1999 [South Africa]), and a European wild boar (RSA/2/2004 [South Africa]) belonging to genotypes IV, XX, and XX, respectively. This report increases the number of genotype XX, wild boar, and warthog reference sequences available.

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First Report of Echinococcus ortleppi in Free-Living Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) from Portugal

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9061256 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 1256

Author(s):

Teresa Letra Mateus ◽

Maria João Gargaté ◽

Anabela Vilares ◽

Idalina Ferreira ◽

Manuela Rodrigues ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

One Health ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Free Living ◽

First Report ◽

Wildlife Reservoirs ◽

First Time ◽

Echinococcus Granulosus Sensu Lato

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonosis that is prevalent worldwide. It is considered endemic in Portugal but few studies have been performed on Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato and their hosts. In this study, CE cysts are reported for the first time in a free-living wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Portugal. The presence of the metacestodes in the liver of the wild boar was identified by morphological features, microscopic examination and molecular analysis. The sequencing of part of the DNA nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer-1 (ITS-1) region revealed a G5 genotype that presently corresponds to Echinococcus ortleppi. This is the first report of E. ortleppi in Portugal and to the best of the authors’ knowledge, in Europe. These results suggest that wild boar may be a host of CE, namely, crossing the livestock–wildlife interface, which has important public health implications. Wildlife reservoirs must be taken into account as CE hosts and surveillance of game as well as health education for hunters should be implemented using a One Health approach, with implementation of feasible and tailor-made control strategies, namely, proper elimination of byproducts in the field.

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in a Domesticated Korean Wild Boar (Sus scrofa coreanus)

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-16-468 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 80 (6) ◽

pp. 1009-1014 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Min-Goo Seo ◽

In-Ohk Ouh ◽

Munki Kim ◽

Jienny Lee ◽

Young-Hoan Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Wild Boar ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Rpob Gene ◽

Tuberculosis Infection ◽

Primate Species ◽

Monitoring And Control ◽

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection ◽

First Case

ABSTRACTTuberculosis, a chronic progressive disease, has been reported in bovine, swine, and primate species. Here, we report the first case of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in a Korean wild boar (Sus scrofa coreanus). The owners this domesticated boar brought it to the Gyeongbuk Veterinary Service Laboratory in Korea after it was found dead and severely emaciated. Demarcated yellowish white nodules were found around the larynx and retropharyngeal lymph node during necropsy. The lungs had diffuse fibrinous pleuritis, severe congestion, and scattered nodules. More nodules were found in the spleen. Tuberculosis is characterized by massive macrophage infiltration and central caseous necrosis; both characteristics were found in the lungs. Histopathologic examination revealed that the alveolar lumen had marked fibrosis and exudates. Examination of the fluid revealed extensive macrophage permeation. To confirm a Mycobacterium infection, PCR was performed using two primer sets specific to the rpoB gene of Mycobacterium; Mycobacterium was detected in the lungs and spleen. To identify the species of Mycobacterium, immunohistochemical evaluation was performed using antibodies against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis. The results revealed immunoreactivity against M. tuberculosis but not against M. bovis. The consumption of undercooked or raw meat from game animals may expose humans and other animals to sylvatic infection. Consequently, Koreans who ingest wild boar may be at risk of a tuberculosis infection. To reduce the risk of foodborne infection and maintain public health, continuous monitoring and control strategies are required.

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The effect of carcass weight on chemical characteristics and fatty acid composition of Longissimus dorsi and Semimembranosus muscles of European wild boar (Sus scrofa scrofa) meat

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1139/cjas-2017-0090 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 98 (3) ◽

pp. 557-564

Author(s):

Martyna Batorska ◽

Justyna Więcek ◽

Małgorzata Kunowska-Slósarz ◽

Kamila Puppel ◽

Jan Slósarz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Fatty Acid Composition ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

Wild Boar ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Carcass Weight ◽

Longissimus Dorsi ◽

Chemical Characteristics ◽

Wild Boars ◽

European Wild Boar

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of carcass weight on chemical characteristics and fatty acid composition of m. longissimus dorsi and m. semimembranosus of European wild boar (Sus scrofa scrofa) meat. The research was carried out on 50 wild boars shot during four battues at hunting reserves in the central part of Poland. The carcasses were divided into three groups: ≤30 kg (G1), 31–45 kg (G2), and >45 kg (G3). The protein concentration increased with carcass weight (P ≤ 0.01). The concentration of saturated fatty acids was influenced by carcass weight and was higher when weight increased. A significantly higher level of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) was found in the carcasses of wild boars from G3 compared with G1 group (P ≤ 0.01). The content of C18:2n-6 was significantly lower in the lightest carcasses compared with the heaviest (P ≤ 0.05). Statistical analysis confirmed that carcasses weight significantly affected polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) n-3 content. The lightest carcasses contained a significantly higher concentration of PUFA n-3 (P ≤ 0.01). In addition, in G3, the amount of C22:5n-3 was two-fold lower (P ≤ 0.01) than in G1. The research has shown that the meat quality was affected by the carcass weight, resulting better parameters in the lighter than in the heavier carcasses. Therefore, most of the culled wild boars should be squeakers and young boars after the first year of life.

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The pig of the Lençóis Maranhenses, first record of wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Maranhão State, Brazil

Check List ◽

10.15560/15.4.1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

Gilberto Nepomuceno Salvador ◽

Nathali Garcia Ristau ◽

Isabel Sanches da Silva ◽

André Nunes

Keyword(s):

Invasive Species ◽

Wild Boar ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Native Species ◽

National Park ◽

First Record ◽

Negative Effects ◽

The World

The wild boar is one of the most dangerous invasive species. It is widespread in the world, including records for many Brazilian states. However, there is a lack of record from Maranhão state. In the present study, we reported a population of wild boar inside the Lençóis Maranhenses National Park, in Barrerinhas county, State of Maranhão. We discuss about the negative effects of this introduction on native species, including a record of predation by wild boar in nests of endangered turtles.

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Genetic detection and analysis of porcine bocavirus type 1 (PoBoV1) in European wild boar (Sus scrofa)

Virus Genes ◽

10.1007/s11262-011-0650-4 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 376-379 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Dániel Cadar ◽

Attila Cságola ◽

Márta Lőrincz ◽

Kata Tombácz ◽

Timea Kiss ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Porcine Bocavirus ◽

European Wild Boar ◽

Genetic Detection

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1742 Studing of population structure of European wild boar (Sus scrofa) and its subspecies, inhabiting Russia

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.2527/jam2016-1742 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 94 (suppl_5) ◽

pp. 848-849

Author(s):

A. A. Traspov ◽

O. V. Kostyunina ◽

I. A. Domsky ◽

A. V. Ekonomov ◽

A. A. Sermyagin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Population Structure ◽

Wild Boar ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

European Wild Boar

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Evaluation of the Efficiency of Active and Passive Surveillance in the Detection of African Swine Fever in Wild Boar

Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.3390/vetsci7010005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 5 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Vincenzo Gervasi ◽

Andrea Marcon ◽

Silvia Bellini ◽

Vittorio Guberti

Keyword(s):

Wild Boar ◽

Active Surveillance ◽

Disease Surveillance ◽

Virus Detection ◽

African Swine Fever ◽

First Year ◽

Passive Surveillance ◽

European Wild Boar ◽

Absolute Probability ◽

Host Parasite

African swine fever (ASF) is one of the most severe diseases of pigs and has a drastic impact on pig industry. Wild boar populations play the role of ASF genotype II virus epidemiological reservoir. Disease surveillance in wild boar is carried out either by testing all the wild boar found sick or dead for virus detection (passive surveillance) or by testing for virus (and antibodies) all hunted wild boar (active surveillance). When virus prevalence and wild boar density are low as it happens close to eradication, the question on which kind of surveillance is more efficient in detecting the virus is still open. We built a simulation model to mimic the evolution of the host-parasite interaction in the European wild boar and to assess the efficiency of different surveillance strategies. We constructed a deterministic SIR model, which estimated the probability to detect the virus during the 8 years following its introduction, using both passive and active surveillance. Overall, passive surveillance provided a much larger number of ASF detections than active surveillance during the first year. During subsequent years, both active and passive surveillance exhibited a decrease in their probability to detect ASF. Such decrease, though, was more pronounced for passive surveillance. Under the assumption of 50% of carcasses detection, active surveillance became the best detection method when the endemic disease prevalence was lower than 1.5%, when hunting rate was >60% and when population density was lower than 0.1 individuals/km2. In such a situation, though, the absolute probability to detect the disease was very low with both methods, and finding almost every carcass is the only way to ensure virus detection. The sensitivity analysis shows that carcass search effort is the sole parameter that increases proportionally the chance of ASF virus detection. Therefore, an effort should be made to promote active search of dead wild boar also in endemic areas, since reporting wild boar carcasses is crucial to understand the epidemiological situation in any of the different phases of ASF infection at any wild boar density.

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