scholarly journals Professionernes fire diskurser

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (25) ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
Lejf Moos
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Working Condition ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Global Development ◽  
World War ◽  
The Third ◽  
External Influences ◽  
Educational Professionals ◽  
The Welfare State

Denne tekst identificerer fire faser i udviklingen af de eksterne påvirkninger, som kan have betydning for lærerprofessionens arbejdsvilkår og dermed af synet på dem: En fase, som kan siges at høre velfærdsstaten til, kalder jeg en dannelsesdiskurs. Den anden fase udvikles i konkurrencestaten omkring 00’erne. Den fase kalder jeg læringsmålstyringsdiskursen. Jeg kalder den tredje og fjerde fase i de globale udviklinger med fokus på læring for en eduBusiness-diskurs og en digital globaliseringsdiskurs. Vægten vil blive lagt på de tre seneste diskurser, fordi den første diskurs er velanalyseret andre steder. This text identifies four phases in the development of external influences on the educational professionals’ working condition and thus in the view we have on them. One phase belongs to the welfare state époche from World War II until the beginning of this century. I name it the democratic Bildung discourse. The second phase is emerging in the competitive state époche from 2000 and onwards. This phase is named the effectiveness discourse. I name the third and fourth phases in the global development focusing on learning the eduBusiness discourse and the digital globalisation discourse. The focus is on the here latter discourses because the first one is well described elsewhere. 

scholarly journals Covid-19 has brought back the necessity of the welfare state: The Greek case

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Stylianos-Ioannis Tzagkarakis ◽  
Ilias Pappas ◽  
Dimitrios Kritas
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Government Spending ◽  
National Health System ◽  
World War ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
Family Patterns ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
The Welfare State

In Europe, despite systemic, functional and structural differences, the welfare state has been a key component of the state after World War II. In recent decades, the former has been accused for inflating government spending and turning people into passive recipients of benefits and services. For this reason, and for several more, such as globalization, the transforming nature of employment and the changing family patterns, the welfare state has undergone the necessary reforms in order to combine the effectiveness and efficiency of its services and benefits. The outbreak of 2009 economic crisis has created tremendous problems to the welfare state, especially in the hardest hit countries, such as Greece. Although these structural problems and inefficiencies existed, the Greek state in general and the National Health System (NHS) in particular have handled the coronavirus successfully, making the country an example for the others but also stressing the necessity to consolidate the welfare state and specifically the NHS. This paper aims to analyze the way the Greek state handled the coronavirus crisis while underlie the importance of the welfare state especially in times of crisis and the challenges that coronavirus has created.

Reinforcements for the Wage-Earners’ Welfare State?

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Lloyd ◽  
Tim Battin
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War I ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
Wage Earners ◽  
Second World ◽  
The Welfare State

The characterization of Australia as a wage-earners’ welfare state (Frank Castles) has encouraged some scholars to argue that the Australian model remained necessarily labourist and incapable of developing in a social democratic direction. This chapter shows that World War I had a far-reaching effect on the scale of Australia’s welfare state, and that World War II profoundly changed both its scale and structure in a more social democratic direction. Australia’s federal system and its written constitution have constrained centralist and socialist initiatives, particularly desired by the Australian Labor Party. When Labor returned to power in October 1941, Australia was in its second world war, and Japan’s aggression was only months away. World War II presented Labor with the constitutional and political scope to change the foundations and reach of the welfare state to the extent no other event is likely to have afforded.

scholarly journals Between Business and Academia in Postwar Britain

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Rollings
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Business Community ◽  
Economic Literacy ◽  
World War ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Economic Advice ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Welfare State

This chapter examines the attitudes of three neoliberal business economists about the welfare state in postwar Britain. The three—John Jewkes, Arthur Shenfield, and Barry Bracewell-Milnes—had some degree of economic literacy, and each was active in neoliberal circles and critical of Britain’s welfare state in the 1960s along typical neoliberal lines. Significantly, all three provided economic advice at the heart of the British business community. This illustrates three main points. First, neoliberals were not as isolated before the 1970s as commonly presented and had good links with parts of the business community. Second, the focus on the intellectuals in the Mont Pelerin Society (MPS) distorts our understanding of the organization and the dissemination of its ideas. Third, we need to be aware of the growing number of business economists in Britain and other advanced economies after World War II and the role that they played.

scholarly journals Wars, Nation, and the Welfare State in Finland

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauli Kettunen
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
World War ◽  
National Agency ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Direct And Indirect Impacts ◽  
Indirect Impacts ◽  
The Welfare State

In public constructions of the national past in Finland, two major themes currently predominate: the wars of the twentieth century, including the Civil War of 1918 and the wars against the Soviet Union during World War II, and the making of a Nordic welfare state. The chapter takes the current intertwining of these national narratives as a point of departure for analysing the social policy role of wars in Finland. It examines direct and indirect impacts of experienced or anticipated wars, short-term and long-term social policy measures and outcomes, and institutional continuities and discontinuities. The paper discusses the ways wars have shaped the notion of national agency as a framework of social policies, and identifies multi-layered historical legacies of wars in the making of the welfare state post-World War II.

scholarly journals Fra modmagt og kamp til velfærd. Forsamlingshuse, højskoler og idrætshaller i Sønderjylland

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jørn Hansen
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
Folk High School ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
The Welfare State

Idrætsfaciliteters og forsamlingshuses rolle og betydning for idrætten i Sønderjylland fra ca. år 1890 og frem.From resistance and struggle to welfare. Village halls, Folk high schools and sports halls in Southern Jutland Village halls and the gymnastics associated with them were established in the first instance as part of a cultural reaction against the attempt to extend the activities of German associations in Northern Schleswig. It is scarcely surprising, therefore, that they started in those areas with the strongest Danish affiliations close to Rødding Folk High School and the Kongeå border with, for instance, the first Danish village hall being built in Skrave. In the second phase, after the drawing up of the new border, it was important for Danish culture to get a foothold in those new areas of Southern Jutland with predominantly German affiliations, and an example of this was the construction of the Danish village hall in Jyndevad. In the third phase, when differences between those with German and those with Danish affiliations were resolved by cooperation, sports halls gradually took over the role of village halls, but there was an attempt, similar to that in the first two phases, to retain a principal of proximity in relation to the development of sport. The construction of the sports hall in Tønder is an exemplary expression of sport’s incursion into the welfare state, while the construction of the hall in Agerskov provides an example of the attempt on the part of popular forces to retain the same principal of proximity that applied to village halls.

scholarly journals The correspondence between Miodrag Vasiljevic and Bulgarian Musicians

Muzikologija ◽  
2002 ◽  
pp. 201-220
Author(s):  
Jelena Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Folk Music ◽  
Art Music ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Music Teaching ◽  
World War ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Phase ◽  
Three Phases

The Serbian ethnomusicologist and music pedagogue Miodrag A. Vasiljevic corresponded with colleagues from neighboring Bulgaria between 1934 and 1962. This exchange of letters went through three phases. The first phase was linked with his stay in Skopje until the breakout of World War II; during the second phase - in the course of the 1940's - he was active in the Department for Folk Music at Radio Belgrade and he founded his method of music teaching on traditional Serbian music; in the third phase (the 1950's and beginning of 1960's) Vasiljevic aimed at a closer cooperation with Bulgarian musicians. All the phases are characterized by his pronounced interest in the folk music heritage of Balkan peoples. At the beginning that interest was focused on popularizing art music that was based on folk music. Later, he enthusiastically carried out his reforms of music teaching in Serbia, as well as improvements of methods in Serbian ethnomusicology.

scholarly journals Straff-välfärdsstaten och kontrollkultur i svensk kriminalpolitik

2019 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-18
Author(s):  
Henrik Tham
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Cultural Change ◽  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Political Change ◽  
Criminal Policy ◽  
Current Analysis ◽  
World War ◽  
Swedish Data ◽  
The Welfare State

Swedish criminal policy has changed markedly in the years following World War II. This change shows clear parallels to the processes described in David Garland’s The Culture of Control. The current analysis, however, indicates that developments in Sweden differ in important ways from processes discussed by Garland. First, Garland’s hypotheses concerning factors that tend to increase crime and the fear of crime do not hold true for Sweden. Second, the notion that an increasingly punitive population has pressured its political representatives for more penal legislation and more prisons is not supported by the Swedish data. Third, the movement toward a harsher criminal policy may actually have resulted from dynamics within the welfare state itself. The punitive turn should therefore be understood as a political change from above rather than a cultural change from below.

scholarly journals Tractors, Power Lines, and the Welfare State: The Contradictions of Soviet Development in Post-World War II Tajikistan

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Artemy M. Kalinovsky
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Private Land ◽  
Agricultural Labor ◽  
World War ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Do So ◽  
The Welfare State

AbstractThis article considers the Soviet campaign to transform the Tajik countryside by mechanizing agricultural production and bringing the welfare state to the villages in light of broader 20th century rural development efforts. It begins by examining the attempt to mechanize agriculture and electrify the Tajik countryside through the eyes of the officials charged with implementing these technologies. Problems with how these technologies were introduced meant that while cotton output expanded, it required increasing amount of labor. Turning to the problem of resettlement, the article emphasizes that resettlement was shaped by competition for labor between districts and farm managers. Increasingly, in the Brezhnev era, it also came to be seen as an easier way to fulfill the modernizing imperative and the commitments of the welfare state. Under pressure to ensure access to schools and medical services, officials found it more convenient to move villages from mountain areas to valleys where such services could be more easily provided. At the same time, the demand for agricultural labor stimulated a kind of “involution” in the countryside, where managers had to find ways to keep labor on the farm. To do so, they could offer cash rewards, building materials, and access to private land and fertilizer.

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