scholarly journals Effects of inducible beta-ractamase and antimicrobial resistance upon the activity of newer beta-lactam antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

1981 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 1334-1340 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS A. HOFFMAN ◽  
TIMOTHY J. CLEARY ◽  
DON H. BERCUSON
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics

scholarly journals Growing Menace of Antibacterial Resistance in Clinical Isolates ofPseudomonas aeruginosain Nepal: An Insight of Beta-Lactamase Production

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamshul Ansari ◽  
Rabindra Dhital ◽  
Sony Shrestha ◽  
Sangita Thapa ◽  
Ram Puri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patients

Introduction. Pseudomonas aeruginosais the most frequently isolated organism as it acts as the opportunistic pathogen and can cause infections in immunosuppressed patients. The production of different types of beta-lactamases renders this organism resistant to many commonly used antimicrobials. Therefore, the aim of this study was to document the antibiotic resistance rate inPseudomonas aeruginosaisolated from different clinical specimens.Methods. Pseudomonas aeruginosarecovered was identified by standard microbiological methods. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed by modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method following Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines and all the suspected isolates were tested for the production of ESBLs, MBLs, and AmpC.Results.Out of total (178) isolates, 83.1% were recovered from the inpatient department (IPD). Majority of the isolates mediated resistance towards the beta-lactam antibiotics, while nearly half of the isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin. Most of the aminoglycosides used showed resistance rate up to 75% but amikacin proved to be better option. No resistance to polymyxin was observed. ESBLs, MBLs, and AmpC mediated resistance was seen in 33.1%, 30.9%, and 15.7% isolates, respectively.Conclusions. Antibiotic resistance rate and beta-lactamase mediated resistance were high. Thus, regular surveillance of drug resistance is of utmost importance.

scholarly journals A TEM-derived extended-spectrum beta-lactamase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

1996 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 2488-2493 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Mugnier ◽  
P Dubrous ◽  
I Casin ◽  
G Arlet ◽  
E Collatz
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Clinical Strain ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance ◽  
Double Mutation ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
High Level

A clinical strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, PAe1100, was found to be resistant to all antipseudomonal beta-lactam antibiotics and to aminoglycosides, including gentamicin, amikacin, and isepamicin. PAe1100 produced two beta-lactamases, TEM-2 (pI 5.6) and a novel, TEM-derived extended-spectrum beta-lactamase called TEM-42 (pI 5.8), susceptible to inhibition by clavulanate, sulbactam, and tazobactam. Both enzymes, as well as the aminoglycoside resistance which resulted from AAC(3)-IIa and AAC(6')-I production, were encoded by an 18-kb nonconjugative plasmid, pLRM1, that could be transferred to Escherichia coli by transformation. The gene coding for TEM-42 had four mutations that led to as many amino acid substitutions with respect to TEM-2: Val for Ala at position 42 (Ala42), Ser for Gly238, Lys for Glu240, and Met for Thr265 (Ambler numbering). The double mutation Ser for Gly238 and Lys for Glu240, which has so far only been described in SHV-type but not TEM-type enzymes, conferred concomitant high-level resistance to cefotaxime and ceftazidime. The novel, TEM-derived extended-spectrum beta-lactamase appears to be the first of its class to be described in P. aeruginosa.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antimicrobial resistance, biofilm forming potential, and the presence of biofilm-related genes among clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmat Kamali ◽  
Ailar Jamali ◽  
Abdollah Ardebili ◽  
Freshteh Ezadi ◽  
Alireza Mohebbi
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Combination Strategies ◽  
High Standards ◽  
And Control ◽  
Genotypic Characteristics

Abstract Objectives Pseudomonas aeruginosa is known as a leading cause of nosocomial infections worldwide. Antimicrobial resistance and biofilm production, as two main virulence factors of P. aeruginosa, are responsible for the persistence of prolonged infections. In this study, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of biofilm of P. aeruginosa were investigated. Results A total of 80 clinical P. aeruginosa isolates were obtained. Isolates showed resistance to all antibiotics with a rate from 12.5% (n = 10) against amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam to 23.75% (n = 19) to levofloxacin. Multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa accounted for 20% (n = 16). 83.75% (n = 67) of isolates showed biofilm phenotype. All three biofilm-related genes were found simultaneously in 87.5% (n = 70) of P. aeruginosa and 13.5% (n = 10) of the isolates had none of the genes tested. From the results of the present study, combination therapy including an anti-pseudomonal beta-lactam (piperacillin/tazobactam or ceftazidime) and an aminoglycoside or carbapenems (imipenem, meropenem) with fluoroquinolones in conjunction with an aminoglycoside can be used against Pseudomonas infections. However, reasonable antimicrobial use and high standards of infection prevention and control are essential to prevent further development of antimicrobial resistance. Combination strategies based on the proper anti-pseudomonal antibiotics along with anti-biofilm agents can also be selected to eradicate biofilm-associated infections.

scholarly journals Characterization of Multidrug Resistant Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-ProducingEscherichia coliamong Uropathogens of Pediatrics in North of Iran

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sadegh Rezai ◽  
Ebrahim Salehifar ◽  
Alireza Rafiei ◽  
Taimour Langaee ◽  
Mohammadreza Rafati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases ◽  
North Of Iran

Escherichia coliremains as one of the most important bacteria causing infections in pediatrics and producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) making them resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics. In this study we aimed to genotype ESBL-producingE. coliisolates from pediatric patients for ESBL genes and determine their association with antimicrobial resistance. One hundred of theE. coliisolates were initially considered ESBL producing based on their MIC results. These isolates were then tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence or absence ofCTX,TEM,SHV,GES, andVEBbeta-lactamase genes. About 30.5% of isolatedE. coliwas ESBL-producing strain. TheTEMgene was the most prevalent (49%) followed bySHV(44%),CTX(28%),VEB(8%), andGES(0%) genes. The ESBL-producingE. coliisolates were susceptible to carbapenems (66%) and amikacin (58%) and showed high resistance to cefixime (99%), colistin (82%), and ciprofloxacin (76%). In conclusion, carbapenems were the most effective antibiotics against ESBl-producingE. coliin urinary tract infection in North of Iran. The most prevalent gene is the TEM-type, but the other resistant genes and their antimicrobial resistance are on the rise.

scholarly journals Resistance to Beta Lactam Antibiotics of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> Isolated in Community Infections within HIV Infected Persons in Lomé-Togo

2014 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 81-84
Author(s):  
Majesté Ihou Wateba ◽  
Kanyni Ekoue-Kouvahey ◽  
Abago Balaka ◽  
Komivi Tsatsu ◽  
Ousseni Tidjani
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics

Beta-lactam Resistance Mechanisms in Pathogens Isolated from Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Unit

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1225-1228
Author(s):  
Carmen Axente ◽  
Delia Muntean ◽  
Luminita Baditoiu ◽  
Roxana Moldovan ◽  
Elena Hogea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Current Context ◽  
A Prospective Study

Intensive care units (ICUs) are often referred to as the epicentre of infection diseases in a hospital. Many studies highlighted the importance of using local antimicrobial resistance data, to guide empirical antibiotic therapy. As a consequence, the present study is particularly important, especially in the current context, when we are witnessing an ascending trend of antimicrobial resistance. Beta-lactams are the most frequently used class of antibiotics for treating patients infected with various germs. The aim of this study is to analyse the modalities by which microorganisms become resistant to antibiotics of this class, in an intensive care unit of a Romanian university hospital. During the period between January, the 1st 2012 and December the 31st 2013, a prospective study was conducted in the largest ICU from the Western part of Romania. Various resistance mechanisms to beta-lactam antibiotics were detected. Among these, there is great concern regarding the high number of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing microorganisms, as in most cases they determine the use of carbapenems, thus increasing the risk of occurrence and dissemination of carbapenemase-producing bacteria.

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