Determinants of Short Birth Interval Among Married Women of Child Bearing Age in Becho Woreda, South West Showa Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

Abstract Background The effect of short birth interval on socio-economic, negative maternal and child health outcomes remains common in developing countries. This study aimed to assess determinants of short birth interval among reproductive age women, who gave birth in health institution for last six-month in South Gondar, Ethiopia 2019. Methods Community-based unmatched case control study design was conducted from February 1 to March 30, 2019. Sample size of 150 was included by simple random sampling technique. The data was collected by semi-structured and pre-tested face to face interviewer-administered questionnaire from selected respondent. The collected data was entered with Epi-Data version 3.1 and analyzed by using SPSS version 23 software. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were used to examine the association. Odds ratio, 95% CI and P-value < 0.05 were used to determine the statistical association. Result The mean age of the respondents was 32.42 (SD ± 5.14) and 35.12 (SD ± 5.86) for cases and controls, respectively. Mothers not used contraceptives (AOR = 6.29, 95% CI (1.95, 20.24)), participants who had ≤2 alive children (AOR = 5.57, 95% CI (1.47, 21.13)), mothers who breast fed less than 24 months (AOR = 3.42, 95% CI (1.38, 8.46)), husband decision on contraceptives utilization (AOR = 2.69,95% CI (1.05,6.88)) and mothers who did not have history of antenatal care follow up (AOR = 3.52, 95% CI (1.27, 9.75)) were associated with short birth interval. Conclusion The optimum birth spacing plays a vital role in decreasing fertility and the morbidity and mortality of mothers and children. Thus, providing health information on the benefit of breast feeding, follow-up of antenatal care during pregnancy, use of contraceptives after delivery and encouraging mothers to make decisions about their own health and use of contraceptives to optimize birth spacing for rural communities.

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Assessing Risk Factors for Short Birth Interval Hot Spots using Geographically Weighted Regression: Findings from a Nationally Representative Survey Data

10.21203/rs.3.rs-596077/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Zahidul Islam ◽

Md. Mostafizur Rahman ◽

Md. Nuruzzaman Khan ◽

M Mofizul Islam

Keyword(s):

Spatial Variation ◽

Birth Interval ◽

Hot Spots ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Least Square ◽

Weighted Regression ◽

Geographic Variations ◽

Explanatory Variables ◽

Short Birth Interval

Abstract Background Short Birth Interval (SBI) is a public health problem in most low- and lower-middle-income countries. Understanding geographic variations in SBI, particularly SBI hot spots and associated factors, may help intervene with tailored programs. This study identified the geographical hot spots of SBI in Bangladesh and the factors associated with them. `Methods We analyzed women’s data extracted from the 2017/18 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey and the healthcare facility data extracted from the 2017 Service Provision Assessment. Moran’s I was used to examine the spatial variation of SBI in Bangladesh whereas the Getis-Ord G*i (d) was used to determine the hot spots of SBI. The Geographical Weighted Regression (GWR) was used to explore the spatial variation of SBI on explanatory variables. The explanatory variables included in the GWR were selected using the exploratory regression and ordinary least square regression model. Results Data of 5941 women were included in the analyses. Around 26% of the total births in Bangladesh had occurred in short intervals. A majority of the SBI hot spots were found in the Sylhet division, and almost all SBI cold spots were in the Rajshahi and Khulna divisions. No engagement with formal income-generating activities, high maternal parity, and history of experiencing the death of a child were significantly associated with SBI in the Sylhet region. Women’s age of 34 years or less at the first birth was a protective factor of SBI in the Rajshahi and Khulna divisions. Conclusion The prevalence of SBI in Bangladesh is highly clustered in the Sylhet division. We recommend introducing tailored reproductive health care services in the hot spots instead of the existing uniform approach across the country.

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Application of geographically weighted regression analysis to assess predictors of short birth interval hot spots in Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0233790 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. e0233790

Author(s):

Desalegn Markos Shifti ◽

Catherine Chojenta ◽

Elizabeth G. Holliday ◽

Deborah Loxton

Keyword(s):

Regression Analysis ◽

Geographically Weighted Regression ◽

Birth Interval ◽

Hot Spots ◽

Weighted Regression ◽

Short Birth Interval ◽

Weighted Regression Analysis

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Determinants of inter birth interval among married women living in rural pastoral communities of southern Ethiopia: a case control study

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth ◽

10.1186/1471-2393-13-116 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Zenebu Begna ◽

Sahilu Assegid ◽

Wondwosen Kassahun ◽

Mulusew Gerbaba

Keyword(s):

Birth Interval ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Married Women ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Pastoral Communities ◽

Control Study

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Desire to Limit Childbearing and Its Associated Factors Among Married Women: Findings From A Cross-Sectional Survey In Karachi, Pakistan

10.21203/rs.3.rs-78182/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Shama Razzaq ◽

Saleem Jessani ◽

Sumera Aziz Ali ◽

Zahid Abbsai ◽

Sarah Saleem

Keyword(s):

Family Size ◽

Wealth Quintile ◽

Median Number ◽

Married Women ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Squatter Settlements ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Child Bearing

Abstract Background: Increasing population growth and uneven distribution of scarce resources is a hurdle for country’s economic growth. Hence, we aim to determine desire to limit child bearing and factors associated with limiting child bearing among currently married women aged 15 to 49 years residing in squatter settlements of Karachi, Pakistan. Methods:A multistage cluster, cross sectional survey was conducted in randomly selected households of urban squatter settlements of Karachi. A total of 4,485 married, non-pregnant, were interviewed using a structured questionnaire and adapted Operational framework of “Pullum 1980” to determine potential factors associated with limiting family size. Outcome of interest was defined as a desire to limit childbearing among married women of reproductive age group. Multivariable regression was performed using SPSS version 13.0. Results:The median age of participants was 30 years (IQR 25-35 years) and the median number of living children was 3 (IQR 2-4). Of 4485 women, 2109 (47%) expressed desire to limit childbearing in future. Multivariable logistic regression showed that women of 18 to 27 years and 28 to 37 years (AOR 0.25, 95% CI: 0.19-0.39 and AOR 0.39, 95% CI: 0.22-0.47 respectively), illiterate (AOR 0.34, 95% CI: 0.21-0.53), and low wealth quintile (AOR 0.41, 95% CI: 0.25-0.57), not using any contraceptive method (AOR 0.53, 95% CI: 0.44 to 0.63), sons less than daughters (AOR 0.74, 95% CI: 0.62-0.87), were less likely to limit childbearing. Women who practiced autonomy (AOR 1.25, 95% CI: 1.08-1.41) and perceived ideal family size as ≤ 2 children (AOR 2.62, 95% CI: 2.07-3.32) were more likely to limit childbearing.Conclusion:Age, education, low wealth quintile, having sons, autonomy and usage of contraceptives were determining factors of women’s desire for limiting childbearing. Behavior modification strategies should be devised to modify fertility intentions among women to increase contraceptive use and fertility decline.

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Prevalence and risk factors of short birth interval in Bangladesh: Evidence from the linked data of population and health facility survey

10.1101/2021.07.05.21259952 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Zahidul Islam ◽

M Mofizul Islam ◽

Md Mostafizur Rahman ◽

Md Nuruzzaman Khan

Keyword(s):

Health Facility ◽

Rural Women ◽

Birth Interval ◽

Wealth Quintile ◽

World Health ◽

Short Intervals ◽

Live Births ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Modern Contraceptives ◽

Short Birth Interval

Background: The Sustainable Development Goals target significant reductions in maternal and under-five deaths by 2030. The prevalence of these deaths is significantly associated with short birth interval (SBI). Identification of factors associated with SBI is pivotal for intervening with appropriate programmes to reduce these adverse consequences. This study aimed to determine the factors associated with SBI in Bangladesh. Methods: The Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2017/18 and Bangladesh Health Facility Data 2017 were linked and analysed. SBI was defined as an interval between consecutive births of 33 months or less, as recommended by the World Health Organization. We used descriptive statistics to summarise characteristics of respondents and multilevel Poisson regression to assess the predictors of SBI. Results: Around 26% of live births occurred in short intervals, with a further higher prevalence among younger, uneducated, or rural women. The likelihoods of SBI were lower among women aged 20-34 years (PR, 0.14, 95% CI, 0.11-0.17) and more than or equal to 35 years (PR, 0.03, 95% CI, 0.02-0.05) as compared to the women aged 19 years or less. Women from households with the richest wealth quintile experienced lower odds of SBI (PR, 0.61, 95% CI, 0.45-0.85) compared to those from the poorest wealth quintile. The prevalences of SBI were higher among women for whom the children born from the second most pregnancies died (PR, 5.23, 95% CI, 4.18-6.55), those who were living in Chattogram (PR, 1.52, 95% CI, 1.12-2.07) or Sylhet (PR, 2.83, 95% CI, 2.08-3.86) divisions. Availability of modern contraceptives at the nearest healthcare facilities was 66% protective to the occurrence of SBI (PR, 0.34, 95% CI, 0.22-0.78). Also, the prevalence of SBI increased around 85% (PR, 1.85, 95% CI, 1.33-2.18) for every kilometer increase in the distance of nearby health facilities from homes of women. Conclusion: More than a quarter of live births in Bangladesh occurred in short intervals. This relatively high prevalence is a challenge for Bangladesh in reducing pregnancy-related adverse consequences, including maternal and child mortality. Policies and programmes are needed to increase awareness of SBI and associated adverse health outcomes and expand access to modern contraceptives.

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