La valoración económica de cambios en servicios del ecosistema: Una aplicación de la metodología CGE

<span>The present study integrates Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) modelling with biodiversity services, proposing a possible methodology for assessing climate-change impacts on ecosystems. The assessment focuses on climate change impacts on carbon sequestration services provided by European forest, cropland and grassland ecosystems and on provisioning services, but provided by forest and cropland ecosystems only. To do this via a CGE model it is necessary to identify first the role that these ecosystem services play in marketable transactions; then how climate change can impact these services; and finally how the economic system reacts to those changes by adjusting demand and supply across sectors, domestically and internationally.</span>

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Climate-change feedback on economic growth: explorations with a dynamic general equilibrium model

Environment and Development Economics ◽

10.1017/s1355770x10000252 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 515-533 ◽

Cited By ~ 96

Author(s):

FABIO EBOLI ◽

RAMIRO PARRADO ◽

ROBERTO ROSON

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Economic Growth ◽

General Equilibrium ◽

Computable General Equilibrium ◽

Wealth Distribution ◽

Climate Change Impacts ◽

Economic Activities ◽

Production And Consumption ◽

The World ◽

Emissions Intensity

ABSTRACTHuman-generated greenhouse gases depend on the level and emissions intensity of economic activities. Therefore, most climate-change studies are based on the models and scenarios of economic growth. Economic growth itself, however, is likely to be affected by climate-change impacts. These impacts affect the economy in multiple and complex ways: changes in productivity, resource endowments, production and consumption patterns. We use a new dynamic, multi-regional computable general equilibrium (CGE) model of the world economy to answer the following questions: Will climate-change impacts significantly affect growth and wealth distribution in the world? Should forecasts of human-induced greenhouse gas emissions be revised, once the climate-change impacts are taken into account? We found that, even though economic growth and emission paths do not change significantly at the global level, relevant differences exist at the regional and sectoral level. In particular, developing countries appear to suffer the most from the climate-change impacts.

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Climate Change and Global Warming in Namibia: Environmental Disasters vs. Human Life and the Economy

Management and Economics Research Journal ◽

10.18639/merj.2019.836535 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Chalene Keja-Kaereho ◽

Brenden R. Tjizu ◽

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Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Natural Resources ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Computable General Equilibrium ◽

Human Life ◽

Climate Change Impacts ◽

Native People ◽

Unskilled Labor ◽

Environmental Disasters ◽

Unique Approach

Climate change is one of the concepts in Namibian languages that does not have any meaning or cannot be easily translated into the native dialects. It is very alien to many Namibians but yet growing in popularity, as it has become a problem that is affecting the economy, natural resources, and tradition and culture of the native people. Climate change is probably going to worsen the dry circumstances that are currently experienced in Southern Africa or Namibia to be specific. If it happens that rainfall does come in good amounts regularly, it will probably erupt in greater power. This will eventually lead to floods and erosion damages in some parts of the country, though these expectations have had very little influence on Namibian policy. Reid et al. (2008) stated that over the past 20 years there has been annual decrease in the Namibian economy of up to 5%, which has been a result of the climate change mostly impacting natural resources in the country. The result was reported using the computable general equilibrium (CGE) model simulations for Namibia. However, this result has negatively impacted the poorest people the most, which is a consequence of decline in wages and employment opportunities, especially for uneducated or unskilled labor in rural areas. It is of utmost importance for Namibia to take initiatives to ensure that most of its policies and activities are environmentally proofed. Namibia should have a unique approach to deal with displaced farmers and farm workers and citizens of such nature by looking into its issues of colonialism. In addition, there is a clear need to mainstream climate change into policies of developing countries like Namibia, because it is the responsibility of these countries to muddle through with climate change impacts and plan for a climate-constrained future.

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Economic Impacts of Introducing a New Low Carbon City in Johor Bahru, Malaysia - A CGE Modelling Approach

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.735.238 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 735 ◽

pp. 238-242

Author(s):

Shamsunnahar Khanam ◽

M.J.M.M. Noor ◽

Zamri Mohamed ◽

Yuzuru Miyata

Keyword(s):

Computable General Equilibrium ◽

Economic Impacts ◽

Population Census ◽

Cge Model ◽

Low Carbon ◽

Input Output ◽

New Production ◽

Output Table ◽

Cge Modelling ◽

Low Carbon City

The Johor Bahru metropolitan area is an industrial and commercial hotspot in the region and almost any significant industrial brand has a branch here. However, the effectiveness of good and effective industrial policy has never been quantified to integrate economy and environment. Taking into account the idea ‘think globally, act locally’, with an emphasis on economy, environment integration, and introducing a Low Carbon City, by building a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model, this study successfully examined the economic impacts of new production and the usefulness of economic measure based on the simulated macroeconomic and sectoral factors. An input-output (I-O) table and social accounting matrix (SAM) is the cornerstone in designing a CGE model. Lack of input-output table has badly hampered any effects in the arena of CGE modelling in Johor Bahru City. This study, therefore, attempted to utilize the most updated 2005 input-output table of Malaysia to prepare an input-output table of Johor Bahru City along with using several statistics, including the national population census, manufacturing census and commerce census for developing an input-output table for economic analysis. Modelling results showed that the total industrial output including city GDP has increased 0.07% and 0.08% respectively in 2005. Additionally, the decreasing trends of the prices of major commodity products such as solar power( -1.53 %), electric vehicle ( -0.77%) and in cogeneration (-0.32 % ) were observed significant. Thus, new industrial formation and subsidy plan have proven as the most significant contributors. Therefore, the present research suggests to apply this model into Johor Bahru City’s economy to integrate economy and environment in a city named ‘Low Carbon City-JB’.

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Climate change and the Ethiopian economy: a CGE analysis

Environment and Development Economics ◽

10.1017/s1355770x15000170 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 205-225 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Zenebe Gebreegziabher ◽

Jesper Stage ◽

Alemu Mekonnen ◽

Atlaw Alemu

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Computable General Equilibrium ◽

Agricultural Production ◽

Cge Model ◽

Average Income ◽

Temperature And Precipitation ◽

Autonomous Adaptation ◽

Ricardian Model ◽

Adaptation Policies ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

AbstractThe paper analyzes the economic impacts of climate change-induced fluctuations on the performance of Ethiopia's agriculture, using a countrywide computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. We model the impacts on agriculture using a Ricardian model, where current agricultural production is modelled as a function of temperature and precipitation, among other things, and where future agriculture is assumed to follow the same climate function. The effect of overall climate change is projected to be relatively benign until approximately 2030, but will become considerably worse thereafter. Our simulation results indicate that, over a 50-year period, the projected reduction in agricultural productivity may lead to reductions in average income of some 20 per cent compared with the outcome that would have prevailed in the absence of climate change. This indicates that adaptation policies – both government planned and those that ease autonomous adaptation by farmers – will be crucial for Ethiopia's future development.

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Projected climate change impacts on Indiana’s Energy demand and supply

Climatic Change ◽

10.1007/s10584-018-2299-7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 163 (4) ◽

pp. 1933-1947 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Leigh Raymond ◽

Douglas Gotham ◽

William McClain ◽

Sayanti Mukherjee ◽

Roshanak Nateghi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Energy Demand ◽

Climate Change Impacts ◽

Demand And Supply

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The Competitiveness Issue of the Japanese Economy Under Carbon Pricing: A Computable General Equilibrium Analysis of 2050

Economics, Law, and Institutions in Asia Pacific - Carbon Pricing in Japan ◽

10.1007/978-981-15-6964-7_10 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 181-196

Author(s):

Shiro Takeda

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

General Equilibrium ◽

Computable General Equilibrium ◽

Japanese Economy ◽

Cge Model ◽

Small Impact ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

The Impact ◽

Multiple Scenarios ◽

Border Adjustment

Abstract Using a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model, this paper investigates the impact of carbon regulations on the Japanese economy. We use an 11-sector, 15-region global dynamic CGE model with a time span from 2011 to 2050. We assume that Japan (along with other developed regions) reduces CO2 emissions by 80% by 2050 and analyze the impact on the Japanese economy. In particular, we consider multiple scenarios of CO2 reduction rates in less developed regions and analyze how changes in CO2 reduction in these regions affect Japan. In addition, we also consider multiple scenarios of the use of a border adjustment policy and analyze its impact. Our simulation results are summarized as follows. First, an 80% CO2 reduction in Japan generates large negative impacts on the Japanese economy in terms of both the macroeconomy and individual sectors. Second, changes in the reduction rates in less developed regions have only a small impact on Japan. Third, the use of border adjustment in Japan has a small impact on the GDP and welfare of Japan overall but a large impact on output in the energy intensive sectors. When future climate change policies in Japan are discussed, much attention is usually paid to climate policy in less developed regions. However, the second result of our analysis suggests that climate change policy in less developed regions has only a small impact on Japan. In addition, the third result indicates that the effectiveness of border adjustment is limited.

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No polarization–Expected Values of Climate Change Impacts among European Forest Professionals and Scientists

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12072659 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 2659 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Johannes Persson ◽

Kristina Blennow ◽

Luísa Gonçalves ◽

Alexander Borys ◽

Ioan Dutcă ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Change Impacts ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

European Countries ◽

Economic Returns ◽

Northern European ◽

Wide Range ◽

Production Economic ◽

Expected Values ◽

European Forest

The role of values in climate-related decision-making is a prominent theme of climate communication research. The present study examines whether forest professionals are more driven by values than scientists are, and if this results in value polarization. A questionnaire was designed to elicit and assess the values assigned to expected effects of climate change by forest professionals and scientists working on forests and climate change in Europe. The countries involved covered a north-to-south and west-to-east gradient across Europe, representing a wide range of bio-climatic conditions and a mix of economic–social–political structures. We show that European forest professionals and scientists do not exhibit polarized expectations about the values of specific impacts of climate change on forests in their countries. In fact, few differences between forest professionals and scientists were found. However, there are interesting differences in the expected values of forest professionals with regard to climate change impacts across European countries. In Northern European countries, the aggregated values of the expected effects are more neutral than they are in Southern Europe, where they are more negative. Expectations about impacts on timber production, economic returns, and regulatory ecosystem services are mostly negative, while expectations about biodiversity and energy production are mostly positive.

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Spatial Analysis of Climate Change Impacts on Regional Economies Through Japan’s Rice Production Changes and Innovative Food Industry Cluster: Using the Nine Interregional CGE Model

New Frontiers in Regional Science: Asian Perspectives - Environmental Economics and Computable General Equilibrium Analysis ◽

10.1007/978-981-15-3970-1_15 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 301-332

Author(s):

Suminori Tokunaga ◽

Mitsuru Okiyama ◽

Maria Ikegawa

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Spatial Analysis ◽

Food Industry ◽

Climate Change Impacts ◽

Rice Production ◽

Cge Model ◽

Regional Economies ◽

Industry Cluster

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CO2 emissions, agricultural productivity and welfare in Ethiopia

International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management ◽

10.1108/ijccsm-07-2019-0046 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 687-704

Author(s):

Zerayehu Sime Eshete ◽

Dawit Woubishet Mulatu ◽

Tsegaye Ginbo Gatiso

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Computable General Equilibrium ◽

Agricultural Productivity ◽

Climate Change Impacts ◽

Computable General Equilibrium Model ◽

Green Economy ◽

Vulnerable Groups ◽

Household Welfare ◽

Content Type ◽

The Impact

Purpose Climate change has become one of the most important development challenges worldwide. It affects various sectors, with agriculture the most vulnerable. In Ethiopia, climate change impacts are exacerbated due to the economy’s heavy dependence on agriculture. The Ethiopian Government has started to implement its climate-resilient green economy (CRGE) strategy and reduce CO2 emissions. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of CO2 emission on agricultural productivity and household welfare. Design/methodology/approach This study aims to fill these significant research and knowledge gaps using a recursive dynamic computable general equilibrium model to investigate CO2 emissions’ impact on agricultural performance and household welfare. Findings The results indicate that CO2 emissions negatively affect agricultural productivity and household welfare. Compared to the baseline, real agricultural gross domestic product is projected to be 4.5% lower in the 2020s under a no-CRGE scenario. Specifically, CO2 emissions lead to a decrease in the production of traded and non-traded crops, but not livestock. Emissions also worsen the welfare of all segments of households, where the most vulnerable groups are the rural-poor households. Originality/value The debate in the area is not derived from a rigorous analysis and holistic economy-wide approach. Therefore, the paper fills this gap and is original by value and examines these issues methodically.

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