scholarly journals Effect of different salts on the development of Fusarium solani var. coeruleum, a causal agent of potato dry rot

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mélanie R. Mecteau ◽  
Joseph Arul ◽  
Russell J. Tweddell
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Sodium Benzoate ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Trisodium Phosphate ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Potassium Sorbate ◽  
Sodium Metabisulfite ◽  
Dry Rot ◽  
Potato Dry Rot

The objectives of this study were (1) to evaluate the effect of different salts on the in vitro development of Fusarium solani var. coeruleum, and (2) to evaluate the efficacy of the salts for reducing dry rot severity caused by the pathogen in potato tubers. The study showed that several salts significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of F. solani var. coeruleum. Aluminium acetate, aluminium chloride, sodium benzoate, sodium metabisulfite, potassium sorbate and trisodium phosphate completely inhibited mycelial growth. Exposure of F. solani var. coeruleum conidia to aluminium acetate, potassium sorbate, sodium benzoate, sodium metabisulfite or trisodium phosphate at 0.2 M resulted in 100% mortality of the conidia after 1 h while aluminium chloride and aluminium lactate caused 100% mortality after an exposure of 24 h. In order to evaluate the effect of salts on potato dry rot development, F. solani var. coeruleum-inoculated tubers were treated with the different salts and disease severity was evaluated following an incubation period of 7 d. Among the test salts, only aluminium chloride caused a significant reduction in potato dry rot compared with the control. The study points out the possibility of using aluminium chloride to control potato dry rot.

Evaluation of different salts for the control of lettuce varnish spot: when phytotoxicity rules

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 753-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime Delisle-Houde ◽  
Vicky Toussaint ◽  
Hicham Affia ◽  
Russell J. Tweddell
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Sodium Benzoate ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Potassium Sorbate ◽  
Sodium Metabisulfite ◽  
Pseudomonas Cichorii ◽  
Foliar Symptoms

Five generally recognised as safe (GRAS) salts with antimicrobial activity were investigated for their potential use as bactericides for the control of lettuce varnish spot [Pseudomonas cichorii (Swingle) Stapp]. The phytotoxicity of salts was first assessed using greenhouse and in vitro assays. Greenhouse assays revealed that salts showed different levels of phytotoxicity. Potassium sorbate, sodium benzoate, and sodium carbonate at higher concentrations caused a noticeable decrease of growth along with foliar phytotoxicity symptoms while sodium metabisulfite and sodium bicarbonate caused exclusively foliar symptoms. Based on the phytotoxic doses 5% determined in vitro, salts can be ranked in ascending order of phytotoxicity as follows: sodium bicarbonate, potassium sorbate, sodium carbonate, sodium benzoate, and sodium metabisulfite. When applied at concentrations causing mild to moderate foliar symptoms of phytotoxicity and no noticeable effect on growth, salts did not significantly affect (p ≤ 0.01) survival of P. cichorii on lettuce leaf tissue and did not significantly reduce (p ≤ 0.01) varnish spot severity. Although sodium metabisulfite was applied at concentrations higher than the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration, it did not affect P. cichorii survival on leaf tissue.

scholarly journals Effects of some organic acids and salts on microbial fermentation in the digestive tract of piglets estimated using an in vitro gas production technique

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 311 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. PARTANEN ◽  
T. JALAVA
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Sodium Benzoate ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Potassium Sorbate ◽  
Microbial Fermentation ◽  
Calcium Formate

An in vitro gas production technique was used to screen different organic acids (formic, propionic, lactic, citric, and fumaric acid), organic salts (calcium formate, potassium sorbate, and sodium benzoate), and inorganic phosphoric acid for their ability to modulate microbial fermentation in the digestive tract of piglets. For the incubation, 40 ml of culture medium (53% buffer, 45% frozen ileal digesta, and 2% fresh faeces) was dispensed in vessels containing 5 ml of buffer, 0.5 g of feed, and 20 ìl of liquid or 20 mg of solid acidifiers. Gas production was measured every 15 min during the 24 h incubation at 39°C, and a Gompertz bacterial growth model was applied to the gas production data. Formic acid was the only acid that reduced the maximum rate of gas production (ìm) compared to that in the control treatment (P < 0.05). The ìm was slower in vessels with formic acid than in those with calcium formate, citric acid, and potassium sorbate (P < 0.05) Calcium formate increased the ìm compared to the control treatment (P < 0.05). The maximum volume of gas produced and the lag time did not differ between different acidifiers (P > 0.05). When investigating formic-acid-based mixtures that contained 1–5% of potassium sorbate and/or sodium benzoate, the estimated parameters for the Gompertz growth model did not differ from those for treatments with plain formic acid (P > 0.05). However, concentrations of total volatile fatty acids, acetic acid, propionic acid, and n-butyric acid were reduced by all the mixtures (P < 0.05), but not by plain formic acid (P > 0.05). In conclusion, organic acids and salts were found to differ in their ability to modulate microbial fermentation in the digestive tract of piglets. Mixing formic acid with potassium sorbate or sodium benzoate changed fermentation patterns, and the possibility to use them to enhance the antimicrobial effect of formic acid should be investigated further in vivo.;

scholarly journals Evaluation of in vitro inhibition of mycelial growth of Fusarium solani f. sp. piperis by different products in Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (47) ◽  
pp. 1992-1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
D’Addazio Veronica ◽  
Aparecida Ahnert dos Santos Renata ◽  
Salomao Bastos Leitao Arthur ◽  
Barreto da Silva Marcelo ◽  
Alves Fernandes Adriano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
In Vitro Inhibition

scholarly journals Antimicrobial efficacy of cinnamon, ginger, horseradish and nutmeg extracts against spoilage pathogens

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hortense N. Mvuemba ◽  
Sarah E. Green ◽  
Apollinaire Tsopmo ◽  
Tyler J. Avis
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Fusarium Sambucinum ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Ginger Extract ◽  
Dry Rot ◽  
Cinnamon Extract ◽  
Cavity Spot ◽  
Potato Dry Rot

In the search for alternatives to the use of synthetic fungicides, aqueous spice extracts were evaluated for their effects on the mycelial growth of various spoilage pathogens and their ability to control potato dry rot and carrot cavity spot in vivo. Results showed that cinnamon, ginger and nutmeg significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of Aspergillus niger (Ascomycota), Fusarium sambucinum (Ascomycota), Pythium sulcatum (Oomycota) or Rhizopus stolonifer (Zygomycota), whereas horseradish extract did not lead to the inhibition of any microorganism at the tested concentration. Among the most effective extracts, 0.05 g mL‑1 of cinnamon extract completely inhibited A. niger and P. sulcatum, and 0.10 g mL‑1 of cinnamon extract completely inhibited F. sambucinum. A concentration of 0.05 g mL‑1 of ginger extract also caused 100% inhibition of P. sulcatum. In vivo, cinnamon extract significantly reduced lesions of potato dry rot and carrot cavity spot, and ginger extract reduced lesions of carrot cavity spot. These results indicate that aqueous cinnamon and ginger extracts could provide an alternative to the use of synthetic fungicides to control these pathogens.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antifungal activity of sodium salts against onion basal rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 19-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Türkkan ◽  
I. Erper
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Sodium Phosphate ◽  
Sodium Metabisulfite ◽  
Sodium Salts ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽  
Basal Rot ◽  
Onion Basal Rot

The efficacy of twelve sodium salts as possible alternatives to synthetic fungicides for the control of onion basal rot caused by&nbsp;Fusarium oxysporum&nbsp;f.sp.&nbsp;cepae&nbsp;was evaluated.&nbsp;In vitro&nbsp;tests showed that there were significant differences between the inhibitory effects of sodium salts on the mycelial growth (P&nbsp;&le; 0.05) and 2% (w/v) concentrations of sodium metabisulfite and sodium fluoride completely inhibited mycelial growth of the fungus, while other salts did not. Sodium metabisulfite and sodium phosphate monobasic had lower pH values than the other salts. Unlike sodium metabisulfite, sodium phosphate monobasic could not decrease the mycelial growth. The ED<sub>50</sub>, minimum inhibition concentration (MIC), and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values indicated that sodium metabisulfite was more inhibitory to the fungus compared to sodium fluoride. In soil tests, inhibitory effect of sodium metabisulfite on the fungus was higher than that of sodium fluoride, where sodium metabisulfite completely inhibited mycelial growth at even 0.4% concentration.

scholarly journals Fermentation, losses, and aerobic stability of sugarcane silages treated with chemical or bacterial additives

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 589-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
André de Faria Pedroso ◽  
Luiz Gustavo Nussio ◽  
Daniele Rebouças Santana Loures ◽  
Solidete de Fátima Paziani ◽  
José Leonardo Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Sodium Benzoate ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Potassium Sorbate ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Silage Fermentation ◽  
Aerobic Stability

Utilization of sugarcane Saccharum officinarum L. silage is increasing in Brazil but intensive ethanol production during fermentation reduces forage quality. This experiment aimed to evaluate the effects of additives on fermentation and aerobic stability of sugarcane silages produced in minisilos. Treatments were (fresh basis): untreated silage (control), urea (5.0 g kg-1), sodium benzoate (1.0 g kg-1), potassium sorbate (0.3 g kg-1), Lactobacillus plantarum (1 x 10(6) cfu g-1), and Lactobacillus buchneri (3.64 x 10(5) cfu g-1). At the 94th day after ensilage, ethanol concentration was lower in urea, benzoate, sorbate and L. buchneri supplemented silages and higher in L. plantarum inoculated silage, as compared to control. Urea and benzoate treated silages showed the highest and L. plantarum treated silage the lowest in vitro dry matter digestibility. Effluent production was higher in the urea treated silage. Inoculation with L. buchneri reduced 50% ethanol production as compared to control. Urea and L. buchneri reduced yeast count. Aerobic stability was enhanced by L. buchneri and benzoate. Sodium benzoate and L. buchneri were the most promising additives, improving both silage fermentation and aerobic stability; inoculants containing L. plantarum can be deleterious to fermentation and conservation of sugarcane silages.

Synergy between Salvia officinalis L. and some preservatives

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-495
Author(s):  
Dragana Stanojević ◽  
Ljiljana Čomić ◽  
Olgica Stefanović
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Sodium Nitrite ◽  
Sodium Benzoate ◽  
Synergistic Action ◽  
Salvia Officinalis ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Potassium Sorbate ◽  
Checkerboard Assay ◽  
Salvia Officinalis L

AbstractThe aim of the present study is to investigate the antibacterial activity of Salvia officinalis L. aqueous extracts and its synergistic action with preservatives sodium nitrite, sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate in vitro against selected food spoiling bacteria. Synergy was assessed by the checkerboard assay method and quantitatively represented by the FIC index. Synergistic action was established for aqueous extract/ sodium benzoate, aqueous extract/ potassium sorbate, aqueous extract/ sodium nitrite combinations. Synergy was detected in relation to: Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Bacillus subtilis and Proteus sp. Synergy was established at plant extract and preservative concentrations corresponding up to 1/8 MIC values.

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of Securidaca longepedunculata and Acacia gourmaensis Hydro-ethanolic Extracts against Three Rice Seed-borne Fungi

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Léon W. Nitiema ◽  
Fabrice W. Nikiema ◽  
Drissa Sérémé ◽  
Pierre A. E. D. Sombié
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Fusarium Moniliforme ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Securidaca Longepedunculata

Aims: This study was undertaken to investigate the antifungal activities of Securidaca longepedunculata and Acacia gourmaensis bark hydro-ethanolic extract against Fusarium solani, Fusarium moniliforme and Curvularia lunata and to evaluate the percentages of germination and infection of infected rice seeds. Methods: Different extract concentrations ranging from 0.25, 0.5 and 1% were tested during 15 days using poisoned food technique method for in vitro antifungal activity against above three fungal strains. The same concentrations of extract were used to evaluate in vivo antifungal activity on rice seeds infected by these three fungal strains. Results: The extract of Securidaca longepedunculata had antifungal effect on Fusarium solani and Fusarium moniliforme and completely inhibited its mycelial growth at all tested concentrations (0.25, 0.5 and 1%). Curvularia lunata mycelial growth was inhibited of 84.7% by 1% Securidaca longepedunculata extract after five days of culture. However, mycelial growth of F. solani, F. moniliforme and C. lunata were increased with increasing concentration of Acacia gourmaensis extract. It has been observed that when Securidaca longepedunculata hydro-ethanolic extract concentration increased up to 1%, seeds germination percentage decreased for all infection. In contrast, the opposite was observed for Acacia gourmaensis extract. Likewise, seeds infection decreased with the highest concentration (1%) of Securidaca longepedunculata for all infection, whereas the opposite was observed with Acacia gourmaensis extract. Conclusion: This study showed that S. longepedunculata hydro-ethanolic extract has more antifungal activity against seed-borne fungi (F. solani, F. moniliforme and C. lunata) than A. gourmaensis in vitro and in vivo. Results show that Securidaca longepedunculata hydro-ethanolic bark extract can be used as a potential antifungal agent in the management of some rice fungal diseases. Acacia gourmaensis extract, at low concentration, could be used in rice seed treatment to increase seed germination.

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