Brief History of Science Translation in China

Abstract Science translation is a new branch of learning in China, but its practice can be traced back to about 200 BC. It includes all the practical fields but literary translation. It is the translation activity that mainly conveys science information, especially a thought activity and extra-language activity of the translator’s using target language to express the science information of source language so as to pursue the similar information. This paper briefly examines its history chronologically, and explores its gradual movement from practice to theory, from written translation to oral interpretation, from general theory to discipline studies. The history of science translation is composed of human translation and machine translation, but this paper only deals with the former.

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Between History and Nature

10.1093/oso/9780198779650.003.0009 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Anik Waldow

Keyword(s):

Eighteenth Century ◽

History Of Science ◽

Philosophy Of History ◽

Literary Translation ◽

Scientific Models ◽

Human Sciences ◽

Hermeneutic Philosophy ◽

History Of ◽

Point Of Departure ◽

The Way

From within the philosophy of history and history of science alike, attention has been paid to Herder’s naturalist commitment and especially to the way in which his interest in medicine, anatomy, and biology facilitates philosophically significant notions of force, organism, and life. As such, Herder’s contribution is taken to be part of a wider eighteenth-century effort to move beyond Newtonian mechanism and the scientific models to which it gives rise. In this scholarship, Herder’s hermeneutic philosophy—as it grows out of his engagement with poetry, drama, and both literary translation and literary documentation projects—has received less attention. Taking as its point of departure Herder’s early work, this chapter proposes that, in his work on literature, Herder formulates an anthropologically sensitive approach to the human sciences that has still not received the attention it deserves.

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Literary translation: implantation vs transference

International Journal of Linguistics Literature and Culture ◽

10.21744/ijllc.v6n4.908 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 88-94

Author(s):

AlZu’bi Khaled

Keyword(s):

Figurative Language ◽

Literary Translation ◽

Target Language ◽

Work Of Art ◽

Literary Works ◽

Source Language ◽

Figures Of Speech

The figurative language employed by authors, which reflects their styles of writing, is one main reason behind the challenges that most literary translators encounter when dealing with literary works. Usually employed for aesthetic and poetic purposes, figures of speech imply connotative meanings. In literary works, words are used only assigns to settle down the flying spirits of meanings and ideas so that the audience can have a thread that could lead them to intended meanings. I believe that literary translators should face the challenges of translating literary works through two main approaches. First, transferring the work of art as it is without trying to find any equivalent in the target language for any piece of text in the source language. The aim of such type of translation would be familiarizing the audience in the target language with the literature and culture of the source language. Second, translating the SL work of art creatively, i.e. using all possible strategies and procedures to find natural equivalents in the TL for any stylistic features in the SLT. This type of translation should aim at pleasing and entertaining the TL audience.

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Problems of change of euphemism and dysphemism in artistic translation

SCIENTIFIC WORK ◽

10.36719/2663-4619/71/17-22 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (10) ◽

pp. 17-22

Author(s):

Хуршида Ботировна Кадирова ◽

Keyword(s):

Key Words ◽

Literary Translation ◽

Target Language ◽

Source Language ◽

Speech Situation

This article is devoted to the phenomena of exchange of euphemistic and dysphemic units in the process of literary translation on the example of the Uzbek and Russian languages, which analyzes some of the causes of these problems. In it, euphemisms and dysphemisms occupy places on both sides of the synonymous row, and their place on the axis of the positive and negative poles is illustrated by examples. It is also argued that synonymous euphemisms have a hierarchy in their composition and that euphemistic units that were previously tabooed have turned into dysphemisms. The author emphasizes the importance of the skill of a translator who understands the mental culture and tries to preserve the spirit of the source language in the target language. Key words: euphemism, dysphemism, literary translation, speech situation, seme, source language, target language, taboo, synonymous row, change

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Phraseologie: übersetzerische Entscheidungen zwischen Text und Wörterbuch. Analytische Beobachtungen anhand der deutsch-slowenischen literarischen Übersetzung

Lexicographica - International Annual for Lexicography / Internationales Jahrbuch für Lexikographie ◽

10.1515/lexi-2013-0008 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 117-128

Author(s):

Vida Jesenšek

Keyword(s):

Literary Translation ◽

Target Language ◽

Translation Process ◽

Source Language ◽

System Equivalence ◽

The Relationship

AbstractMost phrasemes contain varied semantic, stylistic, functionally pragmatic, and text-forming properties. Furthermore, phrasemes also contain additional semantic and pragmatic properties. Hence, they are regarded as complex for the translation process. Their complexity becomes even more evident during literary translation. The relationship between dictionary equivalence and text equivalence within interlingual connections is considered as particularly important. Consequently, it is observed in the present paper. The research is based on recorded instances of translated phrasemes between German as the source language and Slovene as the target language. The paper outlines how original German phrasemes were translated into Slovene, which translation procedures and strategies were applied, and to what extent dictionaries were used during the translation process. It has become evident that contrastive-linguistically defined and lexicographically documented phraseological system equivalence does not sufficiently cater for the active translator. The active translator namely principally seeks functionally pragmatic interlingual equivalence, which has to be determined in compliance with a given context. The analysis has shown many phrasemes to feature specific semantic characteristics. Consequently, the meaning of each phraseme is essentially dependent on context. Meanings of phrasemes vary significantly and can lexicographically be accurately deduced only by taking different contexts into consideration. Requirements for highlighting phraseology in dictionaries appropriately - in order for dictionaries to be applicable as viable translation aids - should therefore be based on the essential semantic characteristics of phrasemes in order to enable the user (translator) to access a vast repository of tentative translation equivalents.

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ARABIC: المشكلات في ترجمة المصطلحات العربية الدينية إلى الأردية: استراتيجيات وحلول

rahatulquloob ◽

10.51411/rahat.5.2.2021/198 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 66-82

Author(s):

Dr. Robina Naz ◽

Dr. Qadeera Saleem

Keyword(s):

Cultural Context ◽

Literary Translation ◽

Target Language ◽

Source Language ◽

Original Language ◽

Cultural Life ◽

The People ◽

Comprehensive Knowledge ◽

The Social ◽

Language Mastery

The translation is like a bridge that connects different societies and civilizations. It transfers linguistic expressions from one language to another, and connects the social and cultural life of different peoples and nations. It transfers knowledge, experience, values, ideas, principles, traditions and thoughts of the people from one language to another. Translation itself is an art & science that has its own rules, foundations and strategies. Translators may face many difficulties, problems and challenges especially in the literary translation, as each language has its own distinct characteristics and features. So, these difficulties and problems arise when using idioms, phrases linguistic and semantic structures, and in choosing the appropriate meaning or determining the nature of the word's use, style, and so on. The translation requires literary talent, a comprehensive knowledge of the original language (source language) and the language translated into it (target language), mastery of all the rules of the two languages (source language and target language) and a full awareness of the cultural background of two languages from the specialists of this field. The translator must know the type of text, the language, the intellectual and cultural context of the translated text, and the background of its author. As well as the information about the culture and civilization of other nation. Urdu language has been influenced by different languages such as Persian, Sanskrit and Arabic. And many words and terms are taken from these languages. Especially religious terminology is taken directly from Arabic, i.e., Hajj, Umrah, Zakat, Nikah and Talaq etc. This article highlights the problems in translating Arabic Religious terminology into Urdu and suggests some strategies and solutions.

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Challenges of Translating Poetry: The Filipino Translation of William Shakespear's Sonnet 18

JETAL: Journal of English Teaching & Applied Linguistic ◽

10.36655/jetal.v2i2.528 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 49-55

Author(s):

Kay Tepait Juanillo

Keyword(s):

William Shakespeare ◽

Literary Translation ◽

Target Language ◽

Original Text ◽

Literary Works ◽

Source Language ◽

Poetry Translation ◽

Different Cultures ◽

Experimental Strategies ◽

Intended Effect

Translation plays an important role in understanding different cultures and societies. Among the various kinds of translation, many scholars have debated the difficulty even impossibility of literary translation, especially Poetry. Translation of poetry requires the preservation of the specific aesthetic and expressive value when the work is transferred from the source language to the target language, which may be changed or altered after translating the work. This study discusses the different linguistic, cultural, and aesthetic issues in translating poetry. This study also discusses the translation issues in the Filipino translation of William Shakespeare�s Sonnet 18. The study shows the complications and sometimes impossibility in translating poetry as compared to other literary works like prose. This study is significant as it encourages experimental strategies that can show the uniqueness of translation as a linguistic and cultural practice.As a result, it can be concluded that the task of the translator is not to express what is to be conveyed but to find the intended effect upon the language into which she/he is translating in a way that leads to produce the echo of the original, even though it is impossible to be able to create a replica of the original text.

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Evolutionary transformation of the journal. Part 8

Studia Historiae Scientiarum ◽

10.4467/2543702xshs.21.001.14032 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

pp. 13-20

Author(s):

Michał Kokowski

Keyword(s):

History Of Science ◽

Ministry Of Education ◽

Journal Rankings ◽

Current Volume ◽

History Of ◽

Science Information

The article outlines the eighth phase of the development of the journal Studia Historiae Scientiarum (previous name Prace Komisji Historii Nauki PAU / Proceedings of the PAU Commission on the History of Science). Information is provided on the following matters: the journal’s evaluation by the “ICI Master Journal List 2019” (released at the end of 2020), by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Polish Republic (released on February 9 / 18, 2021), by Scopus (released on 6 April 2021), and by the SCImago Journal Rankings 2020 (released on May 17, 2021; unfortunately, the journal data in Scimago website are inconsistent with the Scopus data, e.g. most of the 2020 volume’s citable texts that are indexed in Scopus have been omitted). Additionally, the number of foreign authors and reviewers of the current volume of the journal is quoted. From volume 21 (2022), the journal Studia Historiae Scientiarum will implement additional organizational solutions: a CC BY license for the texts of articles (retaining the possibility of other licenses for illustrations), the CrossMark service and the publishing option, the so-called FirstView Articles.

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