scholarly journals Diversity statements for leveraging organizational legitimacy

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Val Singh ◽  
Sébastien Point1
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Organizational Legitimacy ◽  
Legitimacy Theory ◽  
Social Accounting ◽  
International Differences ◽  
The Public ◽  
Corporate Websites ◽  
Different Types ◽  
On Line ◽  
Design Diversity

Abstract European companies are increasingly putting “diversity statements” on corporate websites. Websites are important because they are used by members of the public, especially the younger generation, to seek information about companies. Legitimacy theory is often cited as one explanation for having good diversity policies, but we found no research in the diversity, HRM or social accounting literature with empirical evidence of different types of legitimacy associated with diversity. We examined on-line diversity statements from 174 top European companies for evidence of legitimacy-enhancing messages, and coded them by type of legitimacy. We show that diversity statements are presented in ways associated with two different types of legitimacy (pragmatic exchange and moral). International differences are also highlighted. These findings will help practitioners to design diversity statements based on a better understanding that legitimacy is a multi-faceted construct, and help them avoid the dangers of empty discourse, i.e. inconsistency between words and reality.

A Local Area Network for Medical Research; Planning, Realization and Experience

1991 ◽  
Vol 30 (01) ◽  
pp. 53-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Schosser ◽  
C. Weiss ◽  
K. Messmer
Keyword(s):  
Medical Research ◽  
Word Processing ◽  
Local Area Network ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Test Installation ◽  
Cost Performance ◽  
The Public ◽  
On Line ◽  
The University

This report focusses on the planning and realization of an interdisciplinary local area network (LAN) for medical research at the University of Heidelberg. After a detailed requirements analysis, several networks were evaluated by means of a test installation, and a cost-performance analysis was carried out. At present, the LAN connects 45 (IBM-compatible) PCs, several heterogeneous mainframes (IBM, DEC and Siemens) and provides access to the public X.25 network and to wide-area networks for research (EARN, BITNET). The network supports application software that is frequently needed in medical research (word processing, statistics, graphics, literature databases and services, etc.). Compliance with existing “official” (e.g., IEEE 802.3) and “de facto” standards (e.g., PostScript) was considered to be extremely important for the selection of both hardware and software. Customized programs were developed to improve access control, user interface and on-line help. Wide acceptance of the LAN was achieved through extensive education and maintenance facilities, e.g., teaching courses, customized manuals and a hotline service. Since requirements of clinical routine differ substantially from medical research needs, two separate networks (with a gateway in between) are proposed as a solution to optimally satisfy the users’ demands.

scholarly journals Advances in Forest Robotics: A State-of-the-Art Survey

Robotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Luiz F. P. Oliveira ◽  
António P. Moreira ◽  
Manuel F. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Navigation Systems ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Forest Exploitation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Great Relevance ◽  
Robotic Applications

The development of robotic systems to operate in forest environments is of great relevance for the public and private sectors. In this sense, this article reviews several scientific papers, research projects and commercial products related to robotic applications for environmental preservation, monitoring, wildfire firefighting, inventory operations, planting, pruning and harvesting. After conducting critical analysis, the main characteristics observed were: (a) the locomotion system is directly affected by the type of environmental monitoring to be performed; (b) different reasons for pruning result in different locomotion and cutting systems; (c) each type of forest, in each season and each type of soil can directly interfere with the navigation technique used; and (d) the integration of the concept of swarm of robots with robots of different types of locomotion systems (land, air or sea) can compensate for the time of executing tasks in unstructured environments. Two major areas are proposed for future research works: Internet of Things (IoT)-based smart forest and navigation systems. It is expected that, with the various characteristics exposed in this paper, the current robotic forest systems will be improved, so that forest exploitation becomes more efficient and sustainable.

Economic impact of initial period of lockdown in Kolkata and suburbs

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Bandana Sen ◽  
Aloke Kar
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Free Food ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Distribution System ◽  
Food Grains ◽  
On Line

The present study provides a snapshot of the level of degradation of economic and living conditions of middle-class households of Kolkata and its neighbourhood during ‘lockdown’. It is based on an on-line survey of households of students of five purposively-selected colleges carried out during the second half of May 2020. The survey reveals that inflow of regular normal income had ceased altogether for over 40% of the sample households. About 15% of the households suffered from outright job loss or complete denial or withholding of wages and salaries payments of their members in paid employment and another about 27% reported complete closure of small businesses run by them. The normal-times income had altogether ceased for over a half of the households of the lowest income group. Predictably, the worst hit group was the wage labourers. Over four-fifths households with their prime earning member in wage employment reported job and earnings related problems, with over a fourth reporting job losses. Households with self-employed prime earners too were severely affected, with about three-fourths of them reporting such problems. Even the households with regular-salaried prime earners were badly hit. About a half of them reported job and earnings related problems. The results suggest that food grains distribution through the Public Distribution System (PDS) played a decisive role in averting an imminent famine-like situation. About 60% of the sample households were found to have procured food stuff from the PDS. Among the wage-labourers’ households, well over 80% reported dependence on the PDS, with ostensibly a large proportion of them receiving food altogether free. Despite free food grains distribution, about 5% of the sample households could not arrange three meals a day for all its members.

Stability of On-Line Bin Packing with Random Arrivals and Long-Run-Average Constraints

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 447-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Coastas Courcobetis ◽  
Richard Weber
Keyword(s):  
Bin Packing ◽  
Random Processes ◽  
Sufficient Condition ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient Condition ◽  
Expected Number ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Different Types ◽  
On Line ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Uniformly Bounded

Items of various types arrive at a bin-packing facility according to random processes and are to be combined with other readily available items of different types and packed into bins using one of a number of possible packings. One might think of a manufacturing context in which randomly arriving subassemblies are to be combined with subassemblies from an existing inventory to assemble a variety of finished products. Packing must be done on-line; that is, as each item arrives, it must be allocated to a bin whose configuration of packing is fixed. Moreover, it is required that the packing be managed in such a way that the readily available items are consumed at predescribed rates, corresponding perhaps to optimal rates for manufacturing these items. At any moment, some number of bins will be partially full. In practice, it is important that the packing be managed so that the expected number of partially full bins remains uniformly bounded in time. We present a necessary and sufficient condition for this goal to be realized and describe an algorithm to achieve it.

Do Development and Democracy Positively Affect Gender Equality in Cabinets?

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN HÖGSTRÖM
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Political Regimes ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractIt has been argued that economic development and democracy create new opportunities and resources for women to access political power, which should increase gender equality in politics. However, empirical evidence from previous research that supports this argument is mixed. The contribution of this study is to expand the research on gender equality in politics through an in-depth examination of the effect of development and democracy on gender equality in cabinets. This has been completed through separate analyses that include most of the countries in the world across three levels of development (least-developed, developing, and developed) and across different types of political regimes (democracies, royal dictatorships, military dictatorships, and civilian dictatorships). The results demonstrate that economic development and democracy only affect gender equality in cabinets positively in a few environments. Accordingly, the context is important and there seem to be thresholds before development and democracy have any effect. Development has a positive effect in developed countries and in democracies, but it has a negative effect in dictatorships, and the negative effect is strongest in military dictatorships. The level of democracy has a positive effect mainly in dictatorships, and the strongest effect is in civilian dictatorships. The article demonstrates the importance of dividing samples into subsets to increase understanding of what affects women's representation in cabinets in different environments, and I ask scholars to subset samples and run separate analyses more often in comparative studies.

Council House Sales and Residualization

1986 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.J. Williams ◽  
J. Sewel ◽  
F. Twine
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Social Classes ◽  
General Process ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City ◽  
Right To Buy ◽  
Council House

ABSTRACTIt has been argued that council house sales will contribute towards a more general process of residualization of public sector housing. Empirical evidence is presented in this context derived from surveys of purchasers and non-purchasers of council dwellings in the city of Aberdeen. This evidence confirms that purchasers and non-purchasers exhibit different socio-economic characteristics and after only four years of the Right to Buy legislation significant numbers of households in social classes I, II and III have left the public sector via the mechanism of sales. The small number of sales relative to the stock as a whole, however, has meant that the overall contribution of sales towards residualization has been small. This evidence from Aberdeen is compared to evidence from elsewhere and related to the varying pattern of sales across the country as a whole.

The Limits of Observation for Understanding Mass Violence

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (02) ◽  
pp. 237-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Price ◽  
Patrick Ball
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Transitional Justice ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Legal Responsibility ◽  
Mass Violence ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Observable Data ◽  
Quantitative Analyses

Abstract Quantitative analyses have the potential to contribute to transitional justice mechanisms, via empirical evidence supporting the memory of victims, allocating proportional responsibility among perpetrators, determining legal responsibility, and supporting historical memory and clarity. However, most data available in transitional justice settings are incomplete. Conducting quantitative analyses relying solely on what is observable and knowable leads to not only incomplete but often incorrect analytical results. This can harm rather than contribute to transitional justice mechanisms. This article outlines different types of data, the ways in which observable data, on their own, are insufficient for most quantitative analyses of interest, presents these limitations via a case study from Syria, and introduces statistical methods to overcome these limitations.

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