scholarly journals Clarence Street, Ottawa: Contemporary Change in an Inner City 'Zone of Discard'

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Tunbridge
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
North American ◽  
Functional Change ◽  
Total Change ◽  
Socioeconomic Environment ◽  
Central Thesis ◽  
American Cities ◽  
The City ◽  
Town Area

The principal focus of early Bytown, before it became the City of Ottawa and the capital of Canada, was the area now known as Lower Town. The elevation of the city's status led to a refocussing of development in the Centre Town area, south of Parliament, and Lower Town ultimately subsided into a classic 'zone of discard.' In recent years, such zones of discard in many North American cities have experienced a considerable renaissance, since they typically possess the oldest buildings remaining in the city and, as such major resources. This paper examines the evolution of Clarence Street, and puts its contemporary change into perspective; the focus is primarily upon the commercial section of the street. The central thesis to emerge from the paper is that the functional change now occurring in such revitalizing 'discard' areas does not necessarily imply a total change in their socioeconomic environment, and in particular their pattern of socioeconomic control.

scholarly journals Exemplary Amateurism: Thoughts on DIY Urbanism

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Deslandes
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Cultural Production ◽  
North American ◽  
Community Building ◽  
Commercial Buildings ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Do It Yourself ◽  
Australian English ◽  
American Cities ◽  
The City

Do-It-Yourself (DIY) urbanism has become increasingly recognised as a non-professional and non-technocratic practice of urban alteration and community building. Already thus marked as ‘amateur’ in the contemporary sense (where the lines between amateur, professional, producer and consumer are significantly blurred), two of its key features are support for ‘proam’ cultural production and the ‘meanwhile’ use of commercial buildings. Within this, DIY urbanism is an important reference to economic and spatial scarcity in the Australian, English and North American cities where it has manifested as a discourse. The reference is particularly evident in the proximity to marginal urban space that participants in DIY urbanism share with other potential users of that space, which includes people experiencing primary homelessness. It is through this proximity that DIY urbanism works as a kind of ‘exemplary amateurism’. DIY urbanism demonstrates spatial scarcity in the city — a phenomenon in which amateur labour, 'meanwhile' use of buildings and homelessness are implicated.

scholarly journals Creation of an Early Victorian Suburb in Montreal

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
North American ◽  
Homogeneous Group ◽  
The North ◽  
New Development ◽  
Housing Boom ◽  
British North American ◽  
American Cities ◽  
The City ◽  
Sufficient Strength

Montreal's "terrace townscape" emerged in the 1850s and 1860s and has since disappeared. It represented a conjuncture of forces peculiar to Montreal among British North American cities. The terrace — the uniting of a homogeneous group of attached houses behind a single monumental facade — concentrated on a plateau, between the older city to the south and the high-prestige homes on the slope to the north. Such housing flowed, in one sense, from the speculative development of wealthy landowners. The developnent was driven by the growth of the city and the concurrent housing boom of the 1850s and 1860s, coupled with the desire of the better classes to move from the noisome, dangerous and constricted older areas. Improvements in the urban infra-structure, especially the construction of water-works, made new development on higher lands feasible. The "terrace" form or fashion also derived from an architecturally and socially acceptable formula, rooted in British precedents, especially those of prestigious London. It was, finally, a form or fashion that was "indubitably linked with a strong upper middle class sector of the population" found only in administrative and commercial cities, and in British North Anerica found only in sufficient strength in Montreal.

scholarly journals Greening education: challenges and prospects of implementing green roofs ACROSS TORONTO PUBLIC SCHOOLS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pegah Abhari
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
School Boards ◽  
North American ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Municipal Governments ◽  
Green Education ◽  
American Cities ◽  
The City

Green roofs have been recognized as an important climate change adaptation and mitigation tool across North American Cities. As such, the City of Toronto sought regulation and incentives to encourage the adoption of green roofs across new developments and building additions, becoming the first North American City to establish mandatory legislation. While the policy has been mainly successful, Toronto School Boards have struggled to adhere to regulations. This paper seeks to identify the barriers that Toronto School Boards face in green roof implementation by undertaking an analysis of available data, resources, and literature. It also assesses the role of federal, provincial and municipal governments in alleviating barriers, providing recommendations on how they may be addressed. The aim of such research is to guide other Ontario municipalities who may look to Toronto when developing similar legislation, as the province moves to expand this permission to all municipalities. Key words: green infrastructure; green roofs; Toronto School Boards; green education

scholarly journals Greening education: challenges and prospects of implementing green roofs ACROSS TORONTO PUBLIC SCHOOLS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pegah Abhari
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
School Boards ◽  
North American ◽  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Municipal Governments ◽  
Green Education ◽  
American Cities ◽  
The City

Green roofs have been recognized as an important climate change adaptation and mitigation tool across North American Cities. As such, the City of Toronto sought regulation and incentives to encourage the adoption of green roofs across new developments and building additions, becoming the first North American City to establish mandatory legislation. While the policy has been mainly successful, Toronto School Boards have struggled to adhere to regulations. This paper seeks to identify the barriers that Toronto School Boards face in green roof implementation by undertaking an analysis of available data, resources, and literature. It also assesses the role of federal, provincial and municipal governments in alleviating barriers, providing recommendations on how they may be addressed. The aim of such research is to guide other Ontario municipalities who may look to Toronto when developing similar legislation, as the province moves to expand this permission to all municipalities. Key words: green infrastructure; green roofs; Toronto School Boards; green education

scholarly journals Scenario Analyses of Exhaust Emissions Reduction through the Introduction of Electric Vehicles into the City

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 2030
Author(s):  
Marianna Jacyna ◽  
Renata Żochowska ◽  
Aleksander Sobota ◽  
Mariusz Wasiak
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Scenario Analyses ◽  
High Emission ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
The One ◽  
The City

In recent years, policymakers of urban agglomerations in various regions of the world have been striving to reduce environmental pollution from harmful exhaust and noise emissions. Restrictions on conventional vehicles entering the inner city are being introduced and the introduction of low-emission measures, including electric ones, is being promoted. This paper presents a method for scenario analysis applied to study the reduction of exhaust emissions by introducing electric vehicles in a selected city. The original scenario analyses relating to real problems faced by contemporary metropolitan areas are based on the VISUM tool (PTV Headquarters for Europe: PTV Planung Transport Verkehr AG, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany). For the case study, the transport model of the city of Bielsko-Biala (Poland) was used to conduct experiments with different forms of participation of electric vehicles on the one hand and traffic restrictions for high emission vehicles on the other hand. Scenario analyses were conducted for various constraint options including inbound, outbound, and through traffic. Travel time for specific transport relations and the volume of harmful emissions were used as criteria for evaluating scenarios of limited accessibility to city zones for selected types of vehicles. The comparative analyses carried out showed that the introduction of electric vehicles in the inner city resulted in a significant reduction in the emission of harmful exhaust compounds and, consequently, in an increase in the area of clean air in the city. The case study and its results provide some valuable insights and may guide decision-makers in their actions to introduce both driving ban restrictions for high-emission vehicles and incentives for the use of electric vehicles for city residents.

Latin American Cities: Aspects of Function and Structure

1962 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Morse
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
New World ◽  
American City ◽  
American Cities ◽  
The City

This essay will advance two interrelated hypotheses about the Latin American city. The first of them has to do with the role of the city in the settlement of the New World. The second suggests certain characteristics of the modern Latin American metropolis.

scholarly journals The Political Stakes of Academic Research: Perspectives on Johannesburg

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivor Chipkin
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Equality ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Shift Analysis ◽  
Demographic Shifts ◽  
The City ◽  
Political Question

Abstract:This article considers a burgeoning literature on Johannesburg from the perspective of the sorts of questions it asks about the city. There is a substantial and lively literature on questions of poverty and equality, class and race. These studies are strongly informed by the idea that the mechanisms that produce such inequalities are key to understanding the nature of Johannesburg as a city: in terms of how its economy works and how political institutions function, but also in terms of what sort of city Johannesburg is and can be. I consider sociological and economic studies of the inner city that try to account for demographic shifts in the inner city and for processes of social and physical degeneration. I review urban anthropologies of inner-city society, considering in particular new forms of social and economic organization among inner-city residents. Related to these, I discuss debates among scholars about the prospects for governing the city, paying special attention to the consequences for such readings on partnerships. I also discuss an emerging literature, critical of that above, which seeks to shift analysis of the city toward studies of culture and identity. These literatures do not simply approach the city through different disciplinary lenses (sociology or economy or anthropology or cultural studies) . They come to their studies from different normative perspectives. For some, the key political question of the day is one about social and political equality in its various forms. For others, it is about the degree to which Johannesburg (or Africa) is different from or the same as other places in the world. This paper has tried to bring to the fore the political (and not simply policy) consequences of these different views. It concludes not by seeking to reconcile these perspectives, but by suggesting a way of retaining a commitment to equality and justice while not reducing them simply to questions of economy. At stake, I argue, are questions of democratic culture and of sociability.

Tussen buurt en stadsregio : Anderhalf jaar stedelijk beleid in Vlaanderen

Res Publica ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-138
Author(s):  
Leo Peeters
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Budget Cuts ◽  
Central Cities ◽  
Regional Context ◽  
Welfare Policies ◽  
Brick And Mortar ◽  
Urban Problems ◽  
New Policies ◽  
The City

Since several elections since 1991 were won by an extreme right political party, especially in the Flanders and in the city of Antwerp, polities has responded with an increase in attention for environmental and social policies. In a first reaction - and after a longstand period of budget cuts - more money was invested in the building ofsocial housing. Later this policy was broadened to a more comprehensive policy for the cities, trying to integrate the brick-and-mortar approaches with welfare policies. In this contribution three things are put into perspective. The first deals with the rise of the urban problems. A second part deals with the new policies who are implemented today. These are territorially targeted at poor neighbourhoods. In a final part these policies are situated in a regional context since the liveability of the central cities can not be seen without its regional context, since very often the more wealthy people are living outside the administrative boundaries while the vulnerable social groups are living in the older inner city neighbourhoods.

Wastewater-fed aquaculture systems in Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam: status and trends.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pham Viet Huy Huynh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Nutrient Source ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
Status And Trends ◽  
Rice Fish ◽  
The City

Abstract There are currently eight types of wastewater-fed aquaculture (WFA) systems in Ho Chi Minh City: seed production, fish-livestock, fish-water mimosa, fish-lotus, rice-fish, fish-only, water spinach, and fish-water spinach. Some utilize wastewater efficiently as a nutrient source, while some others have to control carefully the intake of wastewater. WFA has attracted farmers on their own initiative. Although it provides a living for a significant number of urban farmers and plays important roles in farmers' livelihoods, it is now under threat from the process of economic development of the city. The impacts of urbanization on former WFA sites in inner city zone of district 6 and district 8 where it is disappearing rapidly indicate what is likely to happen to current WFA sites in the city. Urbanization has also created livelihood uncertainties for farmers. The attraction of high prices of land and the impacts of urbanization projects are the main constraints, resulting in the decline in WFA areas. Pollution from uncontrolled and dispersed industrialization is another threat for WFA.

Narrating The City: spaces Of Urban Change, South London

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Suzanne M. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
The Other ◽  
Urban Change ◽  
Spatial Transformation ◽  
Class Culture ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The City ◽  
North And South ◽  
Official Data ◽  
Over Time

This paper explores the documentation of social and spatial transformation in the Walworth area, South London. Spatial narratives are the entry point for my exploration, where official and ‘unofficial’ representations of history are aligned to capture the nature of urban change. Looking at the city from street level provides a worldly view of social encounter and spaces that are expressive of how citizens experience and shape the city. A more distanced view of the city accessed from official data reveals different constructs. In overlaying near and far views and data and experience, correlations and contestations emerge. As a method of research, the narrative is the potential palimpsest, incorporating fragments of the immediate and historic without representing a comprehensive whole. In this paper Walworth is documented as a local and Inner City context where remnants and insertions are juxtaposed, where white working class culture and diverse ethnicities experience difference and change. A primary aim is to consider the diverse experiences of groups and individuals over time, through their relationship with their street, neighbourhood and city. In relating the Walworth area to London I use three spatial narratives to articulate the contemporary and historic relationship of people to place: the other side examines the physical discrimination between north and south London, the other half looks at distinctions of class and race and other histories explores the histories displaced from official accounts.

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