EXAMINATIONOFCRISIS RESPONSE PREPAREDNESSINLISTEDJOINT-STOCKCOMPANIESINTHE REGION1Istraživanje  je,  u  izmijenjenoj  formi,  prezentovano  na  konferenciji  Economic  and  Business  TrendsShaping the Future International Scientific Conference, u Skoplju u novembru 2020. godine

As a consequence of the measures taken to remedy the medical problem, there may be a bigger one - economically, all over the world. The paper analyzes the consequences of the current economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 virus pandemic. The key economic consequences of the pandemic for companies but also for the economy have been identified. Entrepreneurs, small and medium enterprises, with the smallest liquidity stocks, are expected to feel the greatest consequences of the economic crisis. Taught by the failures of the Great Depression and the relative successes of the crisis in 2008, governments have already announced and launched massive programs to help businesses. At this moment, the supply of liquidity of deficient economic entities is a critical issue. The previous crisis showed that governments have tried and tested mechanisms for supplying liquidity to the financial sector, but transmission mechanisms to end-users were the Achilles' heel of the mechanism. We believe that success in finding adequate channels for the transfer of liquidity to economic entities with a liquidity deficit will be crucial for the character, length, and depth of the crisis. The paper offers a number of proposals for key necessary measures at the state level to overcome the observed economic disruptions. One of them is the request of the regulator, the other is the reaction of the state, but an important part must also come from the company. In addition, the research conducted by the questionnaire method for joint-stock companies from the Western Balkans resulted in a set of measures that serve as a basis for determining the gap in the required and current set of measures taken at the level of an individual organization. The aim of this paper is to point out that in the short term it is possible to stabilize the system through the application of macroeconomic and microeconomic measures.

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EXAMINATION OF CRISIS RESPONSE PREPAREDNESS IN LISTED JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES IN THE REGION

10.47063/ebtsf.2020.0009 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Miloš Grujić ◽

Perica Rajčević

Keyword(s):

Economic Crisis ◽

Small And Medium Enterprises ◽

State Level ◽

Critical Issue ◽

Medical Problem ◽

Crisis Response ◽

The State ◽

Economic Consequences ◽

Western Balkans ◽

Questionnaire Method

As a consequence of the measures taken to remedy the medical problem, there may be a bigger one economically, all over the world. The paper analyzes the consequences of the current economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 virus pandemic. The key economic consequences of the pandemic for companies but also for the economy have been identified. Entrepreneurs, small and medium enterprises, with the smallest liquidity stocks, are expected to feel the greatest consequences of the economic crisis. Taught by the failures of the Great Depression and the relative successes of the crisis in 2008, governments have already announced and launched massive programs to help businesses. At this moment, the supply of liquidity of deficient economic entities is a critical issue. The previous crisis showed that governments have tried and tested mechanisms for supplying liquidity to the financial sector, but transmission mechanisms to end-users were the Achilles' heel of the mechanism. We believe that success in finding adequate channels for the transfer of liquidity to economic entities with a liquidity deficit will be crucial for the character, length, and depth of the crisis. The paper offers a number of proposals for key necessary measures at the state level to overcome the observed economic disruptions. One of them is the request of the regulator, the other is the reaction of the state, but an important part must also come from the company. In addition, the research conducted by the questionnaire method for joint-stock companies from the Western Balkans resulted in a set of measures that serve as a basis for determining the gap in the required and current set of measures taken at the level of an individual organization.The aim of this paper is to point out that in the short term it is possible to stabilize the system through the application of macroeconomic and microeconomic measures.

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ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND CRISIS MANAGEMENT

JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY ECONOMICS ◽

10.7251/joce2003024l ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Filip Stojanović ◽

Dragan Lončar

Keyword(s):

Crisis Management ◽

Economic Crisis ◽

Theoretical Aspect ◽

State Level ◽

The State ◽

Economic Consequences ◽

Management Measures ◽

Current Economic Crisis

The paper is based on an analysis of the consequences of the current economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. First of all, the role of crisis management from the practical and theoretical aspect is analyzed. The key economic consequences of the pandemic for individual companies and the economy as a whole have been identified. A proposal of key necessary measures at the state level for overcoming the observed economic disturbances is given. In addition, a set of questions from eight business areas was presented, which serve as a basis for determining the gap in the necessary and current set of crisis management measures taken at the level of an individual organization.

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Peak Car Travel in the United States: Two-Decade-Long Phenomenon at the State Level

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.3141/2531-05 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2531 (1) ◽

pp. 36-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Timothy J. Garceau ◽

Carol Atkinson-Palombo ◽

Norman Garrick

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Economic Growth ◽

State Level ◽

Developed Countries ◽

The United States ◽

The State ◽

Economic Consequences ◽

National Scale ◽

Peak Car ◽

Car Travel

Peak car travel is an international phenomenon that became evident in the United States on a national scale in 2004. Potentially related to peak car travel is the decoupling of economic growth from driving levels. A wealth of research has addressed these phenomena on a national scale in the United States and other developed countries. Yet few studies have been undertaken on other geographic scales, especially the statewide scale in the United States. This study investigated U.S. state-level driving and economic patterns from 1980 to 2011 to understand occurring changes. The research results showed that peak car travel first occurred at the state level as early as 1992 in Washington State, whereas another 10 states peaked in 2000. By 2011, 48 of the 50 states had peaked. The longevity of this phenomenon at the state level provided evidence that peak car travel in the United States was a more permanent phenomenon than previously thought. In addition, the decoupling of economic growth from driving was evident at the state level. In the 1980s, these indicators were positively correlated at the state level. A significant change occurred by the 2000s, however, when any significant connection ceased for most states. For four of the earliest peak car travel states, the relationship between economic growth and driving turned negative. This finding showed that decreases in driving were not associated with negative economic consequences. Rather, in several states, driving reductions were now associated with increased, rather than decreased, economic growth.

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Bosnia's paralysed institutions add to sense of chaos

Emerald Expert Briefings ◽

10.1108/oxan-db253269 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Economic Crisis ◽

State Level ◽

The State ◽

Local Elections ◽

State Budget ◽

Content Type ◽

The Us ◽

The Eu ◽

Level Government ◽

Political Disputes

Significance Intensified political disputes between the main parties are holding up the state budget for 2020, including funding for local elections in November. They also threaten to weaken the response to the looming socio-economic crisis from the COVID-19 pandemic. Impacts The US entry ban on former senior SDA member Amir Zukic is seen as an attempt to persuade the party to behave more responsibly. The EU is in a contest with China, Russia and Turkey to retain influence in the region. Pre-election positioning may explain the defection of Fahrudin Radoncic’s Union for a Better Future party from the state-level government.

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Vetoes and Venues: Economic Crisis and the Roads to Recovery in Michigan and Ontario

Canadian Journal of Political Science ◽

10.1017/s0008423914001073 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 47 (4) ◽

pp. 827-853 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

John Constantelos

Keyword(s):

Economic Crisis ◽

Fiscal Decentralization ◽

State Level ◽

The State ◽

Divided Government ◽

Economic Decline ◽

Political Factors ◽

The Great Recession ◽

International Border ◽

The Impact

AbstractThis article examines executive responses to economic decline in Ontario and Michigan from 2003 to 2012, when the two governments struggled to adjust to a severe manufacturing crisis which greatly worsened during the Great Recession in 2008–2009. Sharing an international border, these cases offer control over an unusually large number of economic, social and political factors, permitting a focused analysis of the impact of divided government and fiscal decentralization on executive policy making. The research finds that greater fiscal decentralization in Canada and unified government in Ontario allowed the province to develop a more rapid and more robust response to the economic crisis in comparison to the State of Michigan. Budgetary constraints and a partisan veto at the state level forced Michigan's governor to redirect her efforts to the federal venue.

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ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE STATE IN THE CONDITIONS OF ITS FORMATION

Economic Analysis ◽

10.35774/econa2021.01.047 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 47-56

Author(s):

Olena Lysiаk

Keyword(s):

Development Strategy ◽

National Development ◽

State Level ◽

Visual Presentation ◽

Economic Security ◽

The State ◽

Economic Consequences ◽

Political Crisis ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Factors Affecting

Introduction. The economic security of a country depends on the function and level of development of the economic system, including all components of relations and interdependence. Due to the lack of a scientifically sound national development strategy based on the guiding principles of economic security, negative economic phenomena are becoming more frequent, which creates conditions for developing theoretical foundations and using other scientific methods in public administration to form economic security. Avoiding economic security will lead to negative socio-economic consequences, negative economic conditions, increased dependence on imports, and so on. Therefore, it is important to study the factors affecting the economic security of the country, which are systematized by different areas of development. Goal. Analysis of the achievements of economic security of the state through the study of factors influencing it, in accordance with certain areas of its development; substantiation of the factor of investment and innovation security as a factor of economic security of the state. Method (methodology). Scientific research was conducted through analysis and synthesis in order to study the state and achievements of economic security of the state; tabular and graphical methods for visual presentation of the material. The results. The level of economic security is systematized in the article. The periodicity of development of national economic security of the state in different conditions of its formation is studied. The stages of development of economic security of Ukraine are analyzed. The definition and importance of economic security of the state are confirmed. The need to improve the state of economic security of the state in order to accelerate the exit of our country from the protracted socio-economic and political crisis was emphasized. The essence of the model of economic security with further creation of preconditions for introduction and maintenance of economic security at the state level is specified. The own explanation of the term "economic security of the state" is made. It is proposed to create an effective system of economic security, which will avoid negative consequences, eliminate the threat of rapid opening of the national economy in the context of globalization, to ensure its competitiveness. It is proposed to create a new factor of economic security and introduce it into the structure of state economic security, in order to increase state capital.

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FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT AND FUNCTIONING OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESS IN CONDITIONS OF INTENSIFICATION OF GLOBALIZATION PROCESSES

Market Infrastructure ◽

10.32843/infrastruct56-26 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Juliia Stashenko ◽

Oleksandr Gavrylovskyi

Keyword(s):

Small And Medium Enterprises ◽

Technical Information ◽

State Level ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Financial Economic ◽

The State ◽

Special Support ◽

Special Programs ◽

Medium Enterprises ◽

Favorable Conditions

The article considers the essence and evolution of small and medium enterprises, identifies the levels and mechanisms of support for small and medium enterprises, explores the tools to support small and medium enterprises, substantiates institutional measures to ensure the priority of support for small and medium enterprises. It is investigated that in many developed countries the main purpose of supporting small and medium enterprises is not to directly subsidize enterprises or provide them with financial resources, but to create favorable conditions for comfortable functioning of small and medium enterprises and facilitate access of small and medium enterprises to borrowed resources (primarily through the implementation of warranty programs). In the countries with the most developed level of small and medium-sized enterprises, regulatory practices are minimized: the system of regulation of small and medium-sized enterprises is simplified and the norms imposed on small and medium-sized businesses, both in the manufacturing and trade sectors, are revised. It is substantiated that support for small and medium-sized businesses in Europe is provided at the regional, national and supranational levels. The policy of supporting entrepreneurship in Europe is implemented through the activities of states and through special programs implemented under the auspices of the EU. At the state level, business support in many European countries is carried out through the development and implementation of targeted programs of financial, economic, personnel, technical, information assistance to small and medium-sized businesses. Most states create special reserves to support small and medium-sized businesses through subsidies, soft loans, grants, and so on. Along with creating favorable conditions for the functioning of small and medium-sized businesses, the state develops special support programs aimed at ensuring equal development of all regions. All EU countries help small and medium-sized businesses to access sources of funding, using a variety of levers. In particular, some countries, such as the Netherlands, provide loan guarantees.

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Medicaid 101: A Primer for Speech-Language Pathologists in Education Settings

Perspectives on School-Based Issues ◽

10.1044/sbi12.1.3 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 3-11

Author(s):

Janet Deppe ◽

Marie Ireland

Keyword(s):

State Level ◽

The State ◽

Speech Language Pathologists ◽

Inspector General ◽

Medical Necessity ◽

School Settings ◽

Speech Language Pathologist ◽

School Based ◽

Emerging Trends

This paper will provide the school-based speech-language pathologist (SLP) with an overview of the federal requirements for Medicaid, including provider qualifications, “under the direction of” rule, medical necessity, and covered services. Billing, documentation, and reimbursement issues at the state level will be examined. A summary of the findings of the Office of Inspector General audits of state Medicaid plans is included as well as what SLPs need to do in order to ensure that services are delivered appropriately. Emerging trends and advocacy tools will complete the primer on Medicaid services in school settings.

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