State Legislation Restricting and Enabling Local Governments in an Era of Preemption

This paper assesses state efforts to both restrict and enable local government discretion by using data from Project Vote Smart's “Key Votes” database. The results show that state legislation, both successful and unsuccessful, is more likely to limit local autonomy than to enhance it, although both tendencies occur. Republican legislators are more likely to support efforts to restrict discretion than Democrats are. Further, preemption attempts are particularly evident on “hot button” issues, such as guns, sexuality and gender roles, and immigration, although such initiatives are not necessarily more likely to successfully become law, especially under conditions of divided government.

Governability in Central Sulawesi: An Assessment of Government Capacity to Support Minorities of the Regional Representative of Central Sulawesi Province

This article focuses on discussing governance, which is defined as the government's ability in governance. Governability is influenced by the number of parties, the degree of political polarization between parties, party participation in government, and the relationship between most of the parliament and the executive. This research was conducted using a qualitative method with a descriptive analytical approach that describes, describes, and analyzes the governability in Central Sulawesi after the election of governors and vice governors in 2015. Although it has the potential for divided government to occur in the Regional Government of Central Sulawesi because only 13 seats or 29% of 45 (forty-five) the number of seats in the Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD), but in fact throughout 2016-2020 it was running effectively. There has never been any rejection of government programs by the DPRD during the 2016-2020 government. An interesting finding in this research is that the capacity and background of the regional head from the regional head elections has a big role in building governance with the ability to establish communication and coordination with DPRD members. Regional heads with good capacities and a background in bureaucracy and politicians also influence the performance of local governments and are related to their relationship with the DPRD. The governor who governs and the interaction between the governor and the governed all contribute to governability, including the type of external influence

DAMPAK DAN MODEL BARU PEMERINTAHAN TERBELAH PASCA PEMILIHAN GUBERNUR KALIMANTAN BARAT TAHUN 2018

In 2000, the Government of Indonesia took a bold step by adopting a very radical policy of decentralization by devolving broad powers to local governments. The concept of divided government is a new thing that is happening in the government system in Indonesia. This article examines the impact of the governor election in West Kalimantan in 2018 and assesses the current paradigm for divided governance. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method, which provides a complete analysis and analysis of the evidence found. The results show that divided government can have an impact on political and bureaucratic obstacles after the 2018 West Kalimantan Governor Election. The study also found and introduced new methods of implementing split government, namely through ANDI as theoretical implications.

Legislative Capacity & Administrative Power Under Divided Polarization

Conventional wisdom holds that party polarization leads to legislative gridlock, which in turn disables congressional oversight of agencies and thus erodes their constitutional legitimacy and democratic accountability. At the root of this argument is an empirical claim that higher levels of polarization materially reduce legislative productivity as measured by the number of laws passed or the number of issues on the legislative agenda addressed by those laws, both of which are negatively associated with party polarization. By focusing on the content of statutes passed rather than their number, this essay shows that in the era of party polarization and divided government, Congress has actually 1) enacted an ever growing volume of significant regulatory policy (packaged into fewer laws); 2) increasingly employed implementation designs intended to limit bureaucratic and presidential power; and 3) legislated regulatory policy substance in greater detail (reducing bureaucratic discretion) when relying on litigation and courts as a supplement or alternative to bureaucracy. This essay thereby complicates, both empirically and normatively, the relationship between Congress and administrative power in the era of party polarization and divided government.

Divided government, delegation, and civil service reform

This paper sheds new light on the drivers of civil service reform in US states. We first demonstrate theoretically that divided government is a key trigger of civil service reform, providing nuanced predictions for specific configurations of divided government. We then show empirical evidence for these predictions using data from the second half of the 20th century: states tended to introduce these reforms under divided government, and in particular when legislative chambers (rather than legislature and governor) were divided.

Conservative Liberalism in American and British Political Economy

This chapter examines the key figures in American and British conservative liberalism; the context in which they thought and wrote; how their thinking evolved; the reception of Ordo-liberalism; and the significance of conservative liberalism in their wider political economies. It shows why conservative liberalism did not flourish in a consistent manner, even with British Conservatives and American Republicans in power. Its significance was conditioned by cultural, historical, and institutional legacies, notably contending national unifying myths; by ideological competition from parties that gave primacy to reducing inequality of wealth and income and to economic security; by the structures of political incentives; and by crises and accidents. In the United States, the obstacles included opposition from the interventionism of the New Deal and the national security state, from the libertarianism of the frontier spirit, and from the idea of a Christian America, along with the structures of divided government. In Britain, they were linked to the post-war role of the welfare state and the global player in national unifying myth and the long shadow of Keynes. The chapter examines in detail the contributions of James Buchanan, Frank Knight, Walter Lippmann, and Henry Simons to US economic and political thought. In the case of Britain, the chapter focuses on Edwin Cannan, Ralph Hawtrey, William Hutt, Lionel Robbins, and Alan Peacock. The chapter concludes with reflections on the prospects of conservative liberalism, including on the contributions of John Rawls and Amartya Sen.

Vaccines will drive financial markets over US politics

Significance Divided government provides scope for volatility at a perilous time for the pandemic-ravaged US economy, but markets are putting greater weight on the prospect of a vaccine accelerating the global recovery. Tech stocks have fallen as investors take their gains and opt for 'reflation trades' predicated on a recovery in sectors hit hard by the pandemic. Impacts Apple, Amazon, Alphabet, Microsoft and Facebook make up over 20% of the US stock market; firm fundamentals guard against a sharp sell-off. China’s renminbi has risen to the highest to the dollar since the US-China tariff battle ramped up in early 2018; more strength is likely. China’s export orders grew only marginally in October and import growth slowed, signposting that the world trade recovery could plateau.