scholarly journals ЕCOLOGICAL STATUS ASSESSMENT OF THE GRADAC RIVER (WESTERN SERBIA) BASED ON AQUATIC MACROINVERTEBRATES

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Вања Марковић ◽  
Бојана Тубић ◽  
Марија Илић ◽  
Маја Раковић ◽  
Ана Атанацковић ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Macroinvertebrates ◽  
Wiener’S Index ◽  
Status Assessment

Река Градац је прва већа притока Колубаре и протиче кроз брдско-планински крај јужноод Ваљева (јужна Србија). Захваљујући одсуству значајнијих загађивача и са клисуром која јепод заштитом државе као резерват природе, ова крашка река се сматра једним од неколицинесачуваних „скоро природних“ водотокова у Србији. Циљ овог рада је да се на основу анализеприсутних заједница водених макробескичмењака провери „референтни“ статус Градца. У тусврху у мају 2015. године је узоркована заједница водених макробескичмењака са петлокалитета дуж реке Градац и њене две саставнице (Буковска река и Забава). За оценуеколошког статуса коришћени су следећи показатељи: сапробни индекс по Зелинка-Марвану(Zelinka & Marvan ; SI), BMWP индекс, ASPT индекс, EPT индекс (број таксона група Ephemeroptera,Plecoptera и Trichoptera), укупни број таксона, учешће представника групеOligochaeta (Tubificidae) у заједници, број фамилија и Шанон-Винеров индекс диверзитета(Shannon-Wiener’s index; SWI). У нашем истраживању идентификовано је укупно 55 таксонаводених макробескичмењака. Инсекти су се издвојили као најбројнија компонента дате фауне.Међу инсектима група водених цветова (Ephemeroptera) се показала као најзначајнија, како подиверзитету (14 таксона), тако и по релативној бројности (40% укупне заједнице). На основуизрачунатих показатеља еколошког статуса, статус реке Градац је оцењен као веома добар (Iкласа) и добар (II класа). На овај начин потврђени су резултати претходних истраживања овереке, која се са правом сматра једним од очуванијих водотокова Србије.

Research Recommendations for Applying Vitamin A-Labelled Isotope Dilution Techniques to Improve Human Vitamin A Nutrition

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 52-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherry A. Tanumihardjo ◽  
Anura V. Kurpad ◽  
Janet R. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pool Size ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Vitamin A Status ◽  
Status Assessment ◽  
Total Body

The current use of serum retinol concentrations as a measurement of subclinical vitamin A deficiency is unsatisfactory for many reasons. The best technique available for vitamin A status assessment in humans is the measurement of total body pool size. Pool size is measured by the administration of retinol labelled with stable isotopes of carbon or hydrogen that are safe for human subjects, with subsequent measurement of the dilution of the labelled retinol within the body pool. However, the isotope techniques are time-consuming, technically challenging, and relatively expensive. There is also a need to assess different types of tracers and doses, and to establish clear guidelines for the use and interpretation of this method in different populations. Field-friendly improvements are desirable to encourage the application of this technique in developing countries where the need is greatest for monitoring the risk of vitamin A deficiency, the effectiveness of public health interventions, and the potential of hypervitaminosis due to combined supplement and fortification programs. These techniques should be applied to validate other less technical methods of assessing vitamin A deficiency. Another area of public health relevance for this technique is to understand the bioconversion of β-carotene to vitamin A, and its relation to existing vitamin A status, for future dietary diversification programs.

scholarly journals Making the choice between bioelectrical impedance measures for body hydration status assessment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry M. Davydov ◽  
Andrey Boev ◽  
Stas Gorbunov
Keyword(s):  
Body Schema ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Status Assessment ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Body Compartments ◽  
Fitting In

AbstractSituational or persistent body fluid deficit (i.e., de- or hypo-hydration) is considered a significant health risk factor. Bioimpedance analysis (BIA) has been suggested as an alternative to less reliable subjective and biochemical indicators of hydration status. The present study aimed to compare various BIA models in the prediction of direct measures of body compartments associated with hydration/osmolality. Fish (n = 20) was selected as a biological model for physicochemically measuring proximate body compartments associated with hydration such as water, dissolved proteins, and non-osseous minerals as the references or criterion points. Whole-body and segmental/local impedance measures were used to investigate a pool of BIA models, which were compared by Akaike Information Criterion in their ability to accurately predict the body components. Statistical models showed that ‘volumetric-based’ BIA measures obtained in parallel, such as distance2/Rp, could be the best approach in predicting percent of body moisture, proteins, and minerals in the whole-body schema. However, serially-obtained BIA measures, such as the ratio of the reactance to resistance and the resistance adjusted for distance between electrodes, were the best fitting in predicting the compartments in the segmental schema. Validity of these results should be confirmed on humans before implementation in practice.

scholarly journals Conservation status assessment of the highest forests in the world: Polylepis flavipila forests as a case study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-169
Author(s):  
Fressia Nathalie Ames-Martínez ◽  
Harold Rusbelth Quispe-Melgar ◽  
Daniel Renison
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
The World ◽  
Status Assessment
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