scholarly journals Peer Review #2 of "High incidence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes among ciprofloxacin-resistant clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae at a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry, India (v0.1)"

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Avison
Keyword(s):  
Peer Review ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Quinolone Resistance ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
High Incidence

scholarly journals High incidence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes among ciprofloxacin-resistant clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae at a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry, India

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiyagarajan Yugendran ◽  
Belgode Narasimha Harish
Keyword(s):  
Postgraduate Medical Education ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Quinolone Resistance ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Class I ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Jawaharlal Institute

Background.Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) has received considerable attention recently. Data analysis in Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER) revealed 75% of the Enterobacteriaceae isolates to be ciprofloxacin-resistant in 2012. Few reports regarding the prevalence of PMQR are available from India. Hence, the present study was carried out to ascertain the prevalence of PMQR genes among clinical isolates of ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in JIPMER.Methods.The study included 642 ciprofloxacin-resistant clinical Enterobacteriaceae isolates. JIPMER hospital’s annual consumption data for fluoroquinolones were retrieved from the Department of Pharmacy. The test isolates were screened for the presence ofqnr A,B,D,Sandaac(6′)-Ib-crgenes. PMQR-positive isolates alone were tested for the presence of class I (intI1) and class II (intI2) integrons. Randomly selected PCR amplicons were sequenced and analysed using MEGA software. A total of 30 PMQR strains chosen at random were assessed for the transferability of the PMQR genes.Results.A majority of the strains exhibited high MIC values with 106 strains exhibiting MIC values >256 µg/mL. Theaac(6′)-Ib-crgene had the highest prevalence at 64% (414) while,qnrBandqnrSgenes were present in 15% (97) and 10% (64) of the isolates respectively. None of the strains were positive forqnrAandqnrD. All PMQR-positive isolates were screened for class I (intI1) and class II (intI2) integrons. Class I integron was found to be predominant among the test isolates with a few of them carrying both the classes of integrons. Transferability of PMQR genes to transconjugants was identified.Conclusion.The incidence of PMQR genes in the tertiary-care setup of the JIPMER hospital was found to be high which could be probably due to the increased prescription of fluoroquinolones. Thus, there is a need for rational usage of fluoroquinolones.

scholarly journals High incidence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes among ciprofloxacin-resistant clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae at a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry, India

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiyagarajan Yugendran ◽  
Belgode Narasimha Harish
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Quinolone Resistance ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Class I ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Clinical Breakpoints

Background: Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) has received considerable attention recently. Data analysis in JIPMER revealed 75% of the Enterobacteriaceae isolates to be ciprofloxacin-resistant in 2012. Few reports regarding the prevalence of PMQR are available from India. Hence, the present study was carried out to ascertain the prevalence of PMQR genes among clinical isolates of ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in JIPMER. Methods: The study included 642 ciprofloxacin-resistant clinical Enterobacteriaceae isolates. JIPMER hospital’s annual consumption data for fluoroquinolones were retrieved from the Department of Pharmacy. The test isolates were screened for the presence of qnr A, B, D, S and aac(6’)-Ib-cr genes. PMQR-positive isolates alone were tested for the presence of class I (intI1) and class II (intI2) integrons. Randomly selected PCR amplicons were sequenced and analysed using MEGA software. A total of 30 PMQR strains chosen at random were assessed for the transferability of the PMQR genes. Results: Majority of the strains exhibited high MIC values with 106 strains exhibiting MIC value ˃256µg/mL. The aac(6’)-Ib-cr gene had the highest prevalence at 64% (414) while, qnrB and qnrS genes were present in 15% (97) and 10% (64) of the isolates respectively. None of the strains were positive for qnrA and qnrD. All PMQR-positive isolates were screened for class I (intI1) and class II (intI2) integrons. Class I integron was found to be predominant among the test isolates with a few of them carrying both the classes of integrons. Transferability of PMQR genes to transconjugants was identified. Discussion: PMQR genes were found to exhibit an increasing trend of prevalence among the clinical isolates in this study. Thus, the need for rational usage of fluoroquinolones and reconsideration of their clinical breakpoints has arisen.

scholarly journals High incidence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes among ciprofloxacin-resistant clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae at a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry, India

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiyagarajan Yugendran ◽  
Belgode Narasimha Harish
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Quinolone Resistance ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Class I ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Clinical Breakpoints

Background: Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) has received considerable attention recently. Data analysis in JIPMER revealed 75% of the Enterobacteriaceae isolates to be ciprofloxacin-resistant in 2012. Few reports regarding the prevalence of PMQR are available from India. Hence, the present study was carried out to ascertain the prevalence of PMQR genes among clinical isolates of ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in JIPMER. Methods: The study included 642 ciprofloxacin-resistant clinical Enterobacteriaceae isolates. JIPMER hospital’s annual consumption data for fluoroquinolones were retrieved from the Department of Pharmacy. The test isolates were screened for the presence of qnr A, B, D, S and aac(6’)-Ib-cr genes. PMQR-positive isolates alone were tested for the presence of class I (intI1) and class II (intI2) integrons. Randomly selected PCR amplicons were sequenced and analysed using MEGA software. A total of 30 PMQR strains chosen at random were assessed for the transferability of the PMQR genes. Results: Majority of the strains exhibited high MIC values with 106 strains exhibiting MIC value ˃256µg/mL. The aac(6’)-Ib-cr gene had the highest prevalence at 64% (414) while, qnrB and qnrS genes were present in 15% (97) and 10% (64) of the isolates respectively. None of the strains were positive for qnrA and qnrD. All PMQR-positive isolates were screened for class I (intI1) and class II (intI2) integrons. Class I integron was found to be predominant among the test isolates with a few of them carrying both the classes of integrons. Transferability of PMQR genes to transconjugants was identified. Discussion: PMQR genes were found to exhibit an increasing trend of prevalence among the clinical isolates in this study. Thus, the need for rational usage of fluoroquinolones and reconsideration of their clinical breakpoints has arisen.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus to Ceftaroline

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harsha Sreedharan ◽  
KB Asha Pai
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Care Hospital

Introduction: Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA) infection is a major global healthcare problem, the prevalence of which varies from 25-50% in India. It is known to cause Skin and Soft tissue Infections (SSI), endovascular infections, endocarditis, pneumonia, septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, and sepsis. Vancomycin is the drug of choice for treating severe MRSA infections. Ceftaroline, a fifth-generation cephalosporin has been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) for treating acute bacterial SSI caused by susceptible micro-organisms including MRSA, Community acquired respiratory tract infection, MRSA bacteremia and endocarditis. Aim: To assess the susceptibility of clinical isolates of S. aureusto ceftaroline, in a Tertiary Care Hospital. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology of a Tertiary Care Hospital over a period of two months from June 2019 to July 2019. S.aureus isolates from various clinical samples were screened for methicillin resistance by disc diffusion method using cefoxitin disc and ceftaroline susceptibility of these isolates was assessed by E-strip method. The isolates were classified as ceftaroline susceptible, Susceptibility Dose Dependent (SDD) and ceftaroline resistant respectively as per CLSI guidelines. A descriptive analysis of the data was done and the results were presented as frequencies and percentages. Results: All the S.aureus isolates were found to be susceptible to ceftaroline. Methicillin Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus(MSSA) isolates had lower Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) when compared to MRSA. The highest MIC among MRSA was 0.5 μg/mL. Conclusion: Ceftaroline can be considered as an effective alternative for treatment of infections caused by MRSA.

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