scholarly journals The social context for conservation: amphibians in human-shaped landscapes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tibor Hartel ◽  
Ben C Scheele ◽  
Laurentiu Rozylowicz ◽  
Andra Horcea-Milcu ◽  
Dan Cogalniceanu
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Amphibian Conservation ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Direct Control ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Economic Context ◽  
The Social ◽  
Natural Landscapes

Many human-shaped landscapes support viable amphibian populations due to the habitats created and/or maintained as a consequence of human actions. The challenges and approaches required to achieve the persistence of amphibians in human-shaped landscapes are markedly different from approaches commonly applied in protected areas. Contrary to protected areas or natural landscapes where amphibian conservationists can have direct control over management, in human-shaped landscapes, management options are best approached through understanding local communities’ values and socio-economic aspirations. However, consideration of the social aspects of amphibian conservation are vastly under-represented in the amphibian conservation literature. We propose that amphibian conservationists should: (i) assess the controllability of their mitigation actions for achieving long-term sustainability, (ii) understand the values and attitudes of individual landowners towards amphibians and amphibian-friendly management (local scale) and land stewardship on which amphibian conservation initiatives can be built (landscape scale), and (iii) understand the social and economic drivers of land-use change operating at regional levels, which is crucial for building adaptive potential in conservation programs. Since targeted amphibian conservation initiatives are limited in many human-shaped landscapes, consideration of the socio-economic context conducive to amphibian persistence is crucial.

scholarly journals The social context for conservation: amphibians in human-shaped landscapes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tibor Hartel ◽  
Ben C Scheele ◽  
Laurentiu Rozylowicz ◽  
Andra Horcea-Milcu ◽  
Dan Cogalniceanu
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Amphibian Conservation ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Direct Control ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Economic Context ◽  
The Social ◽  
Natural Landscapes

Many human-shaped landscapes support viable amphibian populations due to the habitats created and/or maintained as a consequence of human actions. The challenges and approaches required to achieve the persistence of amphibians in human-shaped landscapes are markedly different from approaches commonly applied in protected areas. Contrary to protected areas or natural landscapes where amphibian conservationists can have direct control over management, in human-shaped landscapes, management options are best approached through understanding local communities’ values and socio-economic aspirations. However, consideration of the social aspects of amphibian conservation are vastly under-represented in the amphibian conservation literature. We propose that amphibian conservationists should: (i) assess the controllability of their mitigation actions for achieving long-term sustainability, (ii) understand the values and attitudes of individual landowners towards amphibians and amphibian-friendly management (local scale) and land stewardship on which amphibian conservation initiatives can be built (landscape scale), and (iii) understand the social and economic drivers of land-use change operating at regional levels, which is crucial for building adaptive potential in conservation programs. Since targeted amphibian conservation initiatives are limited in many human-shaped landscapes, consideration of the socio-economic context conducive to amphibian persistence is crucial.

Protected Areas: offering security to whom, when and where?

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALICE B. KELLY ◽  
A. CLARE GUPTA
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Context ◽  
Term Management ◽  
Over Time

SUMMARYThis study considers the issue of security in the context of protected areas in Cameroon and Botswana. Though the literature on issues of security and well-being in relation to protected areas is extensive, there has been less discussion of how and in what ways these impacts and relationships can change over time, vary with space and differ across spatial scales. Looking at two very different historical trajectories, this study considers the heterogeneity of the security landscapes created by Waza and Chobe protected areas over time and space. This study finds that conservation measures that various subsets of the local population once considered to be ‘bad’ (e.g. violent, exclusionary protected area creation) may be construed as ‘good’ at different historical moments and geographical areas. Similarly, complacency or resignation to the presence of a park can be reversed by changing environmental conditions. Changes in the ways security (material and otherwise) has fluctuated within these two protected areas has implications for the long-term management and funding strategies of newly created and already existing protected areas today. This study suggests that parks must be adaptively managed not only for changing ecological conditions, but also for shifts in a protected area's social, political and economic context.

The social aspects of consumption as predictors of consumer loyalty: online vs. offline services

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodoula H Tsiotsou
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Online Services ◽  
Service Setting ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Service Brands ◽  
Soccer Fans

Purpose Nowadays, companies are seeking to create meaningful and long-term relationships with their customers. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the role of parasocial and social aspects of consumption in building trustworthy and loyal relationships in both offline and online services. Design/methodology/approach Two studies were conducted using the survey research method. The first study collected data from 285 soccer fans, and the second study collected data from 298 Facebook consumers. Findings The study confirms the proposed model and suggests that parasocial and social relationships act as significant antecedents of service brand loyalty in both offline and online services.. Originality/value This is the first study that examines parasocial and social relationships in tandem and their role in developing loyal relationships with service brands. It also confirms that social relationships in a service setting play a significant role in predicting brand trust and loyalty.

scholarly journals Cauldrons in the cultural traditions of the Ob Ugrians and Samoyeds: a sacral aspect

2020 ◽  
pp. 116-126
Author(s):  
E.V. Perevalova ◽  
E.N. Danilova
Keyword(s):  
Western Siberia ◽  
Yamal Peninsula ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Polar Urals ◽  
The Social ◽  
Semiotic Approach ◽  
Mother Earth ◽  
Local Variability

The ritual attitude towards the cauldron as the sacred vessel can be found in all religious practices. Archaeo-logical and ethnographic materials indicate the incredible versatility and polysymbolism of the cauldron in the cul-tures of the Ob Ugrians and Samoyeds. The first part of this research, which was published in the previous issue of the present Journal, covered the archaeological context along with the functional, morphological and social aspects associated with the cauldron as a unique ethnocultural phenomenon. The second part presented here aims to consider the sacral aspect of the cauldron. The conducted archaeological and ethnographic research was based on a structural-semiotic approach. In this article, we analyse field ethnographic materials collected during long-term fieldwork (1980s–2018) from Northern (Synya, Voykar, Sob, Kunovat, Polui, Ob, Polar Urals), Eastern and Southern (Salym, Yugan, Pim, Tromyogan, Agan, Vakh) Khanty; Northern and Western Mansi (Northern Sosva, Lyapin and Lozva Rivers); tundra and forest Nenets (Yamal Peninsula, Pur and Agan Rivers). The materi-als of research carried out in Western Siberia and the Urals were also applied. The use of cauldrons in rituals and rites is characterized by a wide diversity and local variability of traditions. Judging by the information presented in the article, the cauldron plays the roles of a divine sacrifice-gift, a guard-talisman, as well as a home-receptacle for gods and the souls of people. The cauldron concentrates the energy of life through participating in the rites of birth-rebirth and the cult of Mother Earth. Besides cult practices, the multifunctional character of the cauldron manifests itself in the funeral and memorial rites of the Nenets, Khanty and Mansi. Cauldrons from burials, as well as products made thereof (masks, mountings, brackets), indicate the social status of the deceased. Cauldrons act as a guard and a receptacle for the soul of the deceased and/or his posthumous image; they are used as an ac-companying item and a vessel for preparing ritual food.

scholarly journals Efficacy of land use designation in protecting habitat in the miombo woodlands: Insights from Tanzania

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex L. Lobora ◽  
Cuthbert L. Nahonyo ◽  
Linus K. Munishi ◽  
Tim Caro ◽  
Charles Foley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Miombo Woodlands ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
The Past ◽  
Natural Landscapes ◽  
Landsat Satellite

AbstractLoss of natural landscapes surrounding major conservation areas compromise their future and threaten long-term conservation. We evaluate the effectiveness of fully and lesser protected areas within Katavi-Rukwa and Ruaha-Rungwa ecosystems in south-western Tanzania to protecting natural landscapes within their boundaries over the past four decades. Using a time series of Landsat satellite imageries of September 1972, July 1990 and September 2015, we assess the extent to which natural habitat has been lost within and around these areas mainly through anthropogenic activities. We also test the viability of the remaining natural habitat to provide connectivity between the two ecosystems. Our analysis reveals that while fully protected areas remained intact over the past four decades, lesser protected areas lost a combined total area of about 5,984 km2 during that period which is about 17.5% of habitat available in 1972. We also find that about 3,380 km2 of natural habitat is still available for connectivity between the two ecosystems through Piti East and Rungwa South Open Areas. We recommend relevant authorities to establish conservation friendly village land use plans in all villages surrounding and between the two ecosystems to ensure long-term conservation of these ecosystems.

Austral Yungas under future climate and land-use changes scenarios: the importance of protected areas for long-term amphibian conservation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Soledad Andrade-Díaz ◽  
Alejandro R. Giraudo ◽  
Gustavo A. Marás ◽  
Karl Didier ◽  
Juan Andrés Sarquis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Amphibian Conservation

scholarly journals Habitat suitability and connectivity inform a co-managed policy of protected areas networks for Asian elephants in China

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Huang ◽  
Xueyou Li ◽  
Laxman Khanal ◽  
Xuelong Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Habitat Requirements ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Asian Elephants ◽  
Maximum Entropy Modeling ◽  
Economic Context ◽  
Level Of Economic Development

Enlarging protected areas (PAs) network is critical to ensure the long-term viability of Asian elephants from habitat fragmentation and loss. While challenges are raised in the strictly government-managed policy of PAs networks due to the difficulties in persuading participation of stakeholders and meeting habitat requirements of the elephants. This study hypothesized that a co-managed policy is more plausible than the strict policy to enlarge PAs network for Asian elephants in a “developing” world. We identified the suitable habitat for Asian elephants using the maximum entropy modeling approach (MaxEnt) and examined the socio-economic context of the habitat. The hypothesis was supported by our results: (1) Asian elephants prefer forest matrix with multiple land use (50% forest cover) rather than interior of large forest and roam in proximity of human habitations (mean distance 1.85 km); (2) suitability and the level of economic development of the habitats are negatively correlated (p = 0.04). Additionally, we provided an empirical study on corridor designing for the study area in China.

scholarly journals Habitat suitability and connectivity inform a co-managed policy of protected areas networks for Asian elephants in China

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Huang ◽  
Xueyou Li ◽  
Laxman Khanal ◽  
Xuelong Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Habitat Requirements ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Asian Elephants ◽  
Maximum Entropy Modeling ◽  
Economic Context ◽  
Level Of Economic Development

Enlarging protected areas (PAs) network is critical to ensure the long-term viability of Asian elephants from habitat fragmentation and loss. While challenges are raised in the strictly government-managed policy of PAs networks due to the difficulties in persuading participation of stakeholders and meeting habitat requirements of the elephants. This study hypothesized that a co-managed policy is more plausible than the strict policy to enlarge PAs network for Asian elephants in a “developing” world. We identified the suitable habitat for Asian elephants using the maximum entropy modeling approach (MaxEnt) and examined the socio-economic context of the habitat. The hypothesis was supported by our results: (1) Asian elephants prefer forest matrix with multiple land use (50% forest cover) rather than interior of large forest and roam in proximity of human habitations (mean distance 1.85 km); (2) suitability and the level of economic development of the habitats are negatively correlated (p = 0.04). Additionally, we provided an empirical study on corridor designing for the study area in China.

scholarly journals Perspective of sustainable social development and development of public services in Kursumlija municipality

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-245
Author(s):  
Biserka Mitrovic ◽  
Petar Mitkovic ◽  
Mihailo Mitkovic ◽  
Jelena Djuric
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Spatial Development ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Economic Context ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Significant Support

The paper deals with the planning basis, analysis and assessment of developmental status and general trends of Kursumlija municipality, as well as the status of development planning, resource management and the constraints of social development and public services. Although not considered as a prioritized development and planning choice, the local sustainable social development represents a significant support to long-term development strategies and to demographic stability. This segment of spatial development planning is closely related to social values, political and economic context, which perform a variety of effects on the constitution of its concept. The aim of the paper is to show that different, and sometimes conflicting concepts of the social development that are defined at higher planning levels, need to be checked in relation to local specificities and requirements. Based on that, it is possible to create a concept of public services spatial development that will be applicable and will meet the demands and potentials of the local community.

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