scholarly journals Evaluation of Effectiveness of Speed Reduction Markings on Driving Speed in Highway Tunnel Entrance and Exit Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
Tong Zhu ◽  
Changshuai Wang ◽  
Chenxuan Yang ◽  
Runqing Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Design Criterion ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Speed Reduction ◽  
Highway Tunnel ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Driver Support Systems ◽  
Driving Speed ◽  
Acceleration Data ◽  
Tunnel Entrance

Tunnels are critical areas for highway safety because the severity of crashes in tunnels tends to be more serious. Controlling vehicle speed is regarded as a feasible measure to reduce the accident rate in the tunnel entrance and exit areas. This paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of three types of speed reduction markings (SRMs) in tunnel entrance and exit zones by conducting a driving simulation experiment. For this study, 25 drivers completed the driving tasks in the day and night scenarios. The vehicle speed and acceleration data were collected for analysing and the relative speed contrast, time mean speed and acceleration were adopted as indices to evaluate the effectiveness of SRMs. The repeated ANOVA test results revealed that SRMs have a significant effect in reducing vehicle speed, especially in the exit zone. Colour Anti-skid Markings (CASMs) produced a more obvious deceleration in the entrance zone. In the entrance zone, a similar downward trend was performed in the situation of NSRMs and SRMs, but a lower speed occurred in case of SRMs. Besides, CASMs work better and cause an obvious gap of 10 km/h in daytime and 5 km/h at night compared to the speed without SRMs. In the exit zone, the present study supports the conclusion that the drivers are prone to accelerate. Our results showed that the drivers accelerated in case of NSRMs, while they slowed down in case of SRMs. Thus, SRMs are necessarily implemented in the highway tunnel entrance and exit zones. Our study also indicates that though CASMs result in lower speed at night, the Transverse Speed Reduction Markings(TSRMs) have a better performance than CASMs in daytime. The investigation provides essential information for developing a new marking design criterion and intelligent driver support systems in the highway tunnel zones.

scholarly journals Discussion on Landscape and Greening Technology of Highway Structural Tunnel Entrance

2021 ◽  
Vol 261 ◽  
pp. 03035
Author(s):  
Liu Ming ◽  
Liu Zhiqiang ◽  
Qiang Rongrong
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Practical Stability ◽  
Tunnel Engineering ◽  
Portal Area ◽  
Highway Tunnel ◽  
Exposed Part ◽  
Tunnel Portal ◽  
Tunnel Entrance

Highway tunnel entrance is not only the exposed part of mountain in the tunnel engineering, but also an integral part of the highway breaking through the mountain. On the premise of ensuring the safety of tunnel entrance, it is important to realize the unity of safety and practical “stability” and landscape greening “beauty” of the expressway tunnel through reasonable aesthetic landscape greening design. In combination with the topographic and geomorphological conditions as well as the regional and humanistic conditions of the highway tunnel portal area, this paper introduces the cultural landscape and plant greening engineering of highway tunnel entrance by reference to the successful experience of tunnel entrance landscape greening, and puts forward the requirements for landscape and greening technology of highway tunnel entrance in accordance with the provisions of relevant regulations.

scholarly journals Impact Assessment of Urban Flood on Traffic Disruption using Rainfall–Depth–Vehicle Speed Relationship

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung-Su Choo ◽  
Dong-Ho Kang ◽  
Byung-Sik Kim
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Flood Damage ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Socioeconomic Impacts ◽  
Flood Depth ◽  
Driving Speed

The transportation network enables movement of people and goods and is the basis of economic activity. Recently, short-term locally heavy rains occur frequently in urban areas, causing serious obstacles to road flooding and increasing economic and social effects. Therefore, in advanced weather countries, many studies have been conducted on realistic and reliable impact forecasting by analyzing socioeconomic impacts, not just information transmission as weather forecasts. In this paper, we use the Spatial Runoff Assessment Tool (S-RAT) and Flood Inundation model (FLO-2D model) to calculate the flooding level in urban areas caused by rainfall and use the flooding rate. In addition, the rainfall–flood depth curve and the Flood–Vehicle Speed curve were presented during the analysis, and the traffic disruption map was prepared using this. The results of this study were compared with previous studies and verified by rainfall events in 2011. As a result of the verification, the result was similar to the actual flooding, and when the same rainfall occurred within the range of the target area, it was confirmed that there were sections that could not be passed and sections that could be passed smoothly. Therefore, the results suggested in this study will be helpful for the driver’s route selection by using the urban flood damage analysis and vehicle driving speed analysis.

Optimization Design of Shading Shed Transmittance in Highway Tunnel Entrance

2012 ◽  
Vol 605-607 ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
Guo Chun Zhang ◽  
Han Bai ◽  
Hao Xue Liu ◽  
Bin Hua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Optimal Design ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Design Algorithm ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Highway Tunnel ◽  
Analysis Methods ◽  
Visual Characteristics ◽  
Tunnel Entrance

Shading shed transmittance of highway tunnel entrance should be designed to be compatible with the driver visual characteristics. By using qualitative and quantitative analysis methods, change law between pupil area and illumination was found through driver visual characteristics experiments in tunnel entrance. Optimal design algorithm of shading shed transmittance in highway tunnel entrance was established. Nanwutai tunnel on Baotou to Maoming highway are selected as research case to prove the model. The results of this study provide evidence that the model has obvious superiority.

Research on the Safe Lighting of Minor Radius Curve Spiral Tunnels

2011 ◽  
Vol 99-100 ◽  
pp. 358-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xin Fu ◽  
Hui Ren ◽  
Jian Hua Wang ◽  
Tian Le Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Discount Rate ◽  
Natural Light ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Light Reduction ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Minor Radius ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Human Eyes ◽  
Tunnel Portal ◽  
Tunnel Entrance

Abstract: Based on the engineering background of Sichuan Ganhaizi spiral tunnel, this thesis studied the surrounding environment of portal and simulated the whole portal section, and then analyzed the effect of natural light on the portal illumination at different times. With the research on the brightness reduction and human eyes’ adaptation to it, the thesis calculated the discount rate k and obtained the requirements of vehicle speed at Ganhaizi tunnel entrance. Finally, the thesis put forward that some light reduction facilities such as vegetation outside the portal should be used, and on a clear day, from 12:00 to 15:00, the uphill tunnel portal illumination is significantly higher than other sections, thus at this time artificial lighting should be used to modulate entrance lighting.

scholarly journals Vehicle Speed Information

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 867-868
Author(s):  
Vani Valsaraj
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Driving Speed ◽  
The Given ◽  
Present World

Road accidents have been very common in the present world with prime cause being careless driving. It is very necessary to identify the careless driver. However, with the advancement in the technology, different governing bodies are demanding some sort of computerized technology to control the driving speed of drivers. At this scenario, we are proposing system to detect vehicle speed been driven the given maximum speed of vehicles the respective roads or highway limits.

scholarly journals The influence of the driving speed on the exhaust emissions

2014 ◽  
Vol 156 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Jerzy MERKISZ ◽  
Marianna JACYNA ◽  
Maciej ANDRZEJEWSKI ◽  
Jacek PIELECHA ◽  
Agnieszka MERKISZ-GURANOWSKA
Keyword(s):  
Exhaust Emissions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Portable Equipment ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Driving Speed ◽  
Vehicle Operation ◽  
Harmful Substances ◽  
Research Equipment

The aim of the study is to verify the thesis about the influence of the vehicle speed on the exhaust emissions. The influence of the speed on the fuel consumption is quite easily measurable and generally possible to identify, while determining the emissions of harmful substances requires specialized research equipment. The analysis is important from the point of view of the vehicle operation. The paper presents the results of the road tests of a car fitted with a diesel engine. It contains the results of measurements of the concentration of the exhaust components. In the measurements, PEMS portable equipment was used. The study was conducted under actual traffic conditions (motorway driving) on a selected portion of the A2 motorway, located near Poznan.

The impact of urban speed reduction programmes on health system cost and utilities

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babak Mohit ◽  
Zohn Rosen ◽  
Peter A Muennig
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Speed Reduction ◽  
Traffic Calming ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Probability Of Death ◽  
Minor Injuries ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundVehicle speed changes impact the probability of injuring a pedestrian in ways that differ from the way that it impacts the probability of a collision or of death. Therefore, return on investment in speed reduction programmes has complex and unpredictable manifests. The objective of this study is to analyse the impact of motor vehicle speed reduction on the collision-related morbidity and mortality rates of urban pedestrians.Methods and FindingsWe created a simple way to estimate the public health impacts of traffic speed changes using a Markov model. Our outcome measures include the cost of injury, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) gained and probability of death and injury due to a road traffic collision. Our two-way sensitivity analysis of speed, both before the implementation of a speed reduction programme and after, shows that, due to key differences in the probability of injury compared with the probability of death, speed reduction programmes may decrease the probability of death while leaving the probability of injury unchanged. The net result of this difference may lead to an increase in injury costs due to the implementation of a speed reduction programme. We find that even small investments in speed reductions have the potential to produce gains in QALYs.ConclusionsOur reported costs, effects and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios may assist urban governments and stakeholders to rethink the value of local traffic calming programmes and to implement speed limits that would shift the trade-off to become between minor injuries and no injuries, rather than severe injuries and fatalities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document