Feminist (and/as) Alternative Media Practices in Women’s Underground Comix in the 1970s

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-37
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Olsza
Keyword(s):  
Golden Age ◽  
Assembly Line ◽  
Alternative Media ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Independent Publishing ◽  
Line Processes ◽  
Social Message ◽  
Media Practices ◽  
Second Wave

The American underground comix scene in general, and women’s comix that flourished as a part of that scene in the 1970s in particular, grew out of and in response to the mainstream American comics scene, which, from its “Golden Age” to the 1970s, had been ruled and construed in accordance with commercial business practices and “assembly-line” processes. This article discusses underground comix created by women in the 1970s in the wider context of alternative and second-wave feminist media practices. I explain how women’s comix used “activist aesthetics” and parodic poetics, combining a radical political and social message with independent publishing and distributive networks.

Revisiting BISFT Summer School 1998, The College of St Mark and St John Plymouth, ‘Women Facing the Boundaries of Difference’

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-269
Author(s):  
Mary Grey
Keyword(s):  
Golden Age ◽  
Summer School ◽  
Garden Of Eden ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Second Wave

In her paper Expelled Again from Eden: Facing Difference through Connection, delivered in Plymouth in 1998, Mary Grey said the story of the Garden of Eden was a dilemma for Feminist Theologians. This because it both bears responsibility for the Fall of relationship between God and Man and the misogyny that has ensued through the ages but also underpinning the desire to return to a supposed golden age of matriarchy with the re-emergence of the Goddess and a related ecological and egalitarian epoch of harmony. Grey makes a connection between the Lost Garden myth and the second wave feminist ideal of global sisterhood of the 1960s. Reflecting on her paper and updating it later, Grey concluded she still felt the challenge of years ago: the sense of rightness of connection and mutuality, yet the crucial need to embrace difference.

scholarly journals Recap of Media Democracy Days 2015: Taking on the Federal Election

1969 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Ackerley ◽  
Sydney Ball
Keyword(s):  
Public Library ◽  
Alternative Media ◽  
Federal Election ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Future ◽  
Independent Media ◽  
Media Democracy ◽  
Media Practices

Over the 15 years since its inception Media Democracy Days (MDD) has provided a chance for the public to gather with members of Canadian independent media, journalists, and activists to discuss alternative media and the future of Canadian journalism. This year the MDD community came together with the goal of sharing what has been learned about alternative media practices in light of the recent federal election. MDD took place on November 7th at the Vancouver Public Library and was held in partnership with the SFU School of Communication, OpenMedia, Vancouver Public Library, and Fonds Graham Spry Fund.

scholarly journals Return to the New Normal: Empirical Analysis of Changes in E-consumer Behavior During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
František Pollák ◽  
Peter Markovič ◽  
Roman Vavrek ◽  
Michal Konečný
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
New Normal ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Second Wave

The global pandemic caused by the new coronavirus has largely changed established business practices. The aim of the study is to present the results of eighteen-month intensive research into the effects of the pandemic on e-consumer behavior. In one of the most active e-commerce markets in Europe, the Czech Republic, we analyzed a sample of more than one and a half million Facebook users in terms of their C2B interactions on the B2C activities of the five major e-commerce market players. The measurements were carried out in three periods, which corresponded to the onset of the first wave, peak, and fading of the second wave of the pandemic. This enabled us to monitor the effect of seasonality and the stabilization of patterns of consumer behavior during the coronavirus crisis. The results suggest that a specific panic pattern of e-consumer behavior was developed at the time of the onset of the pandemic. However, as the pandemic progressed, the market has adapted to a new normal, which, as evidenced by the change in trends, appears to be a combination of the pre-pandemic and pandemic behavioral patterns. Using a statistical analysis, it was possible to identify delta of changes within the patterns of consumer behavior, thus fulfilling the final condition for creating an empirical model of the COVID-19 pandemic impacts on e-consumer behavior presented in this study.

scholarly journals The Triumphs’ Golden Age: a comparison between three European translations of Ilicino’s Commentary.

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Leonardo Francalanci
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Parallel Development ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Shed Light

During the last part of the fifteenth and the first decades of the sixteenth centuries, the dissemination of Petrarch’s Trionfi – the so-called ‘second wave’ of Petrarchism – was characterized by the extraordinary editorial success, in Italy as well as in the rest of Western Europe, of Bernardo Ilicino’s Commento on the Trionfi. By promoting an erudite, encyclopedic, and moralizing reading of Petrarch’s poem, Ilicino’s commentary effectively became a lens through which generations of European readers approached the text. Nonetheless, the dissemination of the commentary proved not to be immune from the influence of sixteenth-century lyrical Petrarchism, which started developing almost at the same time but would not reach peak until few years later. A comparative study of the three known translations of Ilicino’s Commento in Catalan, French and Spanish – even more so, vis à vis the translation of the poem without the commentary – allows us to identify similarities among these translations, as well as important differences. Some of these differences reveal that while the commentary was still sought after by early sixteenth-century readers of Petrarch’s poem, the general approach towards the poem was already starting to shift in the direction of Petrarchism. The three European translations of Ilicino’s Commentary, when organized chronologically, help shed light on how much the reception of the Triumphs was influenced at the time by the parallel development of European Petrarchism, which promoted a more direct, literary approach towards the poem.

18. Strategic Studies and its Critics

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Columba Peoples
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Future Development ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Nuclear Strategy ◽  
Critical Approaches ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Strategic Studies

This chapter examines the criticisms levelled at strategic studies from the ‘Golden Age’ of nuclear strategy through to contemporary critiques. The ‘Golden Age’ of strategic studies between the mid-1950s and mid-1960s saw the rise of a new breed of ‘second wave’ civilian strategists that favoured the incorporation of game theory and systems analysis into the study of nuclear strategy and deterrence. The chapter first considers prominent critical appraisals of deterrence theory in the 1960s and how these critiques were subsequently addressed by proponents of strategic theory. It then discusses critical approaches to the study of security that presented a challenge to strategic studies and its various assumptions. It also analyses the current status of the relationship between strategic studies and its critics, along with the important role that critical engagement might play in the future development of strategic studies.

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