4. Academic Freedom and the State

2019 ◽  
pp. 95-110
Keyword(s):  
Academic Freedom ◽  
The State

Academic Freedom and the State: Reflections on the Uses of Knowledge

1988 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Slaughter
Keyword(s):  
Academic Freedom ◽  
The State

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Joel Zogry
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Academic Freedom ◽  
Freedom Of Speech ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Student Newspaper ◽  
Research Institution ◽  
The University

The introduction explains the role of the Daily Tar Heel, the UNC student newspaper, in the broader context of the university and the state of North Carolina. It outlines the key arguments and themes in the book: academic freedom, freedom of speech and press; the ideological evolution of the university; the political push-pull over progressivism and conservatism in the state; and the role of big-time athletics at a top-tier research institution.

scholarly journals How Much is a Full Professor Worth? The Challenge of Attracting the Best Talent

2015 ◽  
pp. 15-16
Author(s):  
Marcelo Knobel
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Career Development ◽  
Academic Freedom ◽  
Education System ◽  
Academic Career ◽  
The State ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Full Professor ◽  
Public Servants ◽  
Higher Education System

There are many factors that motivate the pursuit of an academic career, including academic freedom, prestige, stability, curiosity, among others. However, salary is also key to the future career choices of young talent. In the State of São Paulo, in Brazil, the salary of all public servants is currently tied to the salary of the governor, that, for political reasons, is kept at a rather low value. This fact is already having an effect on thousands of faculty members in the higher education system of the State. In this paper, I discuss how this salary limitation can influence the decision of young talent to follow an academic career and, put at risk a rather well developed higher education system. Furthermore, I discuss this issue in a broader context of strong regulation, a lack of competitiveness to support career development, and how this all undermines the commitment and morale of qualified professors.

scholarly journals The Role of TASK, A Bridge between Higher Education Institutes and Industries, in Enhancing the Employment Opportunities of Students in the State of Telangana, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
M. Pratibha
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Academic Freedom ◽  
Brain Drain ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
The Developed Countries

<p>The present study is an endeavour to have some insights into TASK’s activities and to provide possible suggestions to reduce the present gap between HEIs and industry. TASK has been introduced in the four-year-old state of Telangana to find the need to promote academic freedom in producing skilled professionals. In the process of developing innovative schemes to fill the gap between HEIs (Higher Education Institutes) and industries, the state of Telangana, India, has started TASK (Telangana Association for Skill and Knowledge) in the year 2015. TASK is a non-profit organization with an objective of offering quality human resources and services to the industry at subsidized rates. Courses are created by experts according to the requirements of the industry. These courses are focused to create skilled professionals who can contribute to the industry. For example, when Samsung needed employees trained in Tizen programming, TASK could train and supply the required immediately. TASK enables graduate retention (by avoiding brain drain particularly to the developed countries) and quality attractiveness of local employment. </p>

scholarly journals Academic Freedom and Individual Right to Development (To Formation and Exchange of the World of Ideas)

2019 ◽  
pp. 6-26
Author(s):  
Mykhailo Savchyn
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Academic Freedom ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Legal Tradition ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Prolonged Stay ◽  
Colonial State ◽  
The Right

The state of academic freedoms in Ukraine has been influenced by prolonged stay of a significant part of Ukrainian lands within the Russian Empire and Soviet Union with alien rules and procedures to Ukrainian legal tradition. This post-colonial state with academic freedoms is also associated with a long-term ideological dictatorship in scientific researches. Academic freedom will be revealed in the context of modern constitutionalism as a continuum of creating and exchanging images, ideas, concepts, theories, and doctrines. In accordance with the principles of the rule of law and proportionality, the essential content, the structural elements of academic freedom and the degree of state interference in its enforcement are determined. There is a moral justification for human dignity as a self-sufficient value which is crucial to the interpretation of fundamental freedoms, including such a component of dignity as academic freedom. The rationing of academic freedom at the constitutional level has only a framework character through the fundamental principles of law, which determine the parameters of individual academic freedom, freedom of scientific activity and university autonomy. Their realization is carried out by exchanging and discussing ideas, theories, and doctrines and providing competition between them while exchanging socially significant information, which is the source of the dynamics of the development of academic freedoms. It has been revealed the role of the academic environment and competition in the market of ideas, theories and doctrines in the deepening and development of academic freedoms. In the light of this, the main positive obligations of the state are determined to facilitate the exercise of academic freedoms. In the light of this it has been identified the basic positive obligations of the state in order to assist in the implementation of academic freedom. The positive obligations of the state in the field of academic freedom include: supporting the infrastructure of higher schools, universities and scientific institutions; adequate budget funding for these institutions; control over the quality of training programs by their accreditation; facilitating introduction of innovations into educational process and implementation of research results. An important part of this process is respect for the dignity of the person who has the right to free development of his/her personality, protection of the results of his/her scientific research, provided by proper legal guarantees.

scholarly journals ACADEMIC FREEDOM – RHETORIC OR REALITY?

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-141
Author(s):  
Michael J Beloff QC
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Academic Freedom ◽  
Civil Servant ◽  
The State ◽  
Department Of Education ◽  
The Government ◽  
Senior Civil Servant

Academic freedom is a concept that has a particular significance in a University, not least in a University, which, uniquely in a British context, prides itself on its independence from the State. My interest in academic freedom was sparked by a set of instructions received in this instance from the Government of Hong Kong.  The issue in the prospective litigation was relatively simple.  The Department of Education had planned some reforms.  As is no more unusual in Hong Kong than it is in England, the proposals met with vocal opposition from certain academics.  A senior civil servant telephoned the head of the faculty of the Hong Kong institution of Education, the focus of the controversy and – it was asserted and indeed found by a Commission of Inquiry (“the Commission”) established to investigate the affair – suggested that the turbulent teachers be disciplined.

International Perspectives on Academic Freedom

Education ◽  
2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Academic Freedom ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
International Comparative ◽  
The University

The beginnings of academic freedom are testimony to internationalism. European universities in the Middle Ages were self-governing to a degree, but the Church or the state controlled them for centuries. As modern science emerged in 17th-century England and as partaking in research and scholarship began to spread in the 18th and 19th centuries throughout Europe, an interest in the protection of free inquiry intensified. Students who pursued advanced education did so in Europe where many of them became professors, and where, consequently, the idea of Lehrfreiheit emerged: the right of the university professor to freedom of inquiry and teaching. Modern notions of academic freedom began to coalesce in the 19th century and on into the early and mid-20th century with the ascendancy of the research role performed by academics. Yet the point should not be lost that a broader interest in freedom of thought and teaching predates this process of formalization. Assertions of scholarly freedom in the 13th and 14th centuries at the University of Paris constitute a legacy of protections in the pursuit of knowledge, and the term scholastic freedom is traceable to Pope Honorius III in the 13th century. Owing to its span across time and cultural contexts, it is unsurprising that understandings of academic freedom have evolved and are thereby also susceptible to misunderstanding and misapplication. That there might be simply one way to construe academic freedom is a modern paradox. More accurately, academic freedom is nestled in a constellation of cultural, social, and political settings and traditions and histories. Academic freedom is often assumed to be a necessary condition for an authentic academic profession wherever professors are employed. In only a limited number of national systems, particularly the United States, academic freedom is strongly associated with tenure. But globally, most systems of higher education do not have tenure. This fact begs the question of how academic freedom, however construed, can exist in an absence of tenure protections. Answers to the question are again conditioned by histories and traditions, long or limited, that situate professors’ work in a relationship between the state and higher education. The reality that academic freedom is understood differently in different parts of world makes comparison difficult. This likely accounts for the relative paucity of explicitly empirical treatment of academic freedom in international comparative focus. In actuality it is challenging to offer a universal definition of “academic freedom.”

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