Release Behavior of Cinacalcet Hydrochloride Using Wet Granulation

The aim of the study. The objective of this study was to investigate microscopic, physical and chemical properties of bee bread collected in three regions of Latvia in order to compare the quality and to investigate the possibility of producing granules containing bee bread. Material and methods. Microscopic analysis of bee bread samples was performed. Plant herbaria, special literature and internet sources were used for identification of pollen. Thin layer chromatography was used for identification of carotenoids and flavonoids. Granules were prepared by wet granulation method. Lactose, calcium lactate, calcium carbonate, potato starch and purified water were used as excipients. Appearance, loss on drying, pH of aqueous solution and content of carotenes were estimated. Results. Microscopic analysis showed mostly native pollen identified as willow pollen. Beta-carotene identified and 2 carotenoids found by thin layer chromatography. Two zones of flavonoids found on chromatograms at day light and 6 zones at ultra violet light. The comparison of bee bread samples of 3 regions of Latvia showed insignificant differences in appearance and consistency, hydrogen ion concentration 3.93–4.23, loss on drying 7.72–11.07 %; content of carotenes calculated to bcarotene 6.77–9.35 mg%. Stability study of bee bread samples showed greater changes after storage at 40ºC temperature. All compositions of granules showed appropriate appearance and flowability. Quality of granules: loss on drying 5.48–13.5%, content of carotenes calculated to b-carotene 5.77–6.75 mg%. Conclusions. Pollen of willow can be considered as an indicator of the origin of bee bread in Latvia. Bee bread samples of three regions of Latvia have insignificant differences in physical, chemical parameters.

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Formulation and Evaluation of Fast Disintigrating Meloxicam Tablets and Its Comparison with Marketed Product

International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology ◽

10.25258/ijddt.v2i2.8846 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Suresh Kulkarni ◽

Ranjit P. ◽

Nikunj Patel ◽

Someshwara B. ◽

Ramesh B. ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Absorption ◽

In Vitro Dissolution ◽

Thickness Variation ◽

Wet Granulation ◽

Disintegration Time ◽

Absorption Ratio ◽

Wetting Time ◽

Fast Disintegrating Tablets ◽

Cox 1

The present investigation deals with the formulation of fast disintegrating tablets of Meloxicam that disintegrate in the oral cavity upon contact with saliva and there by improve therapeutic efficacy. Meloxicam is a newer selective COX-1 inhibitor. The tablets were prepared by wet granulation procedure. The influence of superdisintegrants, crosspovidone, croscaremellose sodium on disintegration time, wetting time and water absorption ratio were studied. Tablets were evaluated for weight and thickness variation, disintegration time, drug content, in vitro dissolution, wetting time and water absorption ratio. The in vitro disintegration time of the best fast disintegrating tablets was found to be 18 sec. Tablets containing crospovidone exhibit quick disintegration time than tablets containing croscaremellose sodium. The fast disintegrating tablets of Meloxicam with shorter disintegration time, acceptable taste and sufficient hardness could be prepared using crospovidone and other excipients at optimum concentration.

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Formulation and Evaluation of Microbially- triggered tablets of Valdecoxib

International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology ◽

10.25258/ijddt.v2i1.8841 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Surender Verma ◽

S. Singh ◽

D. Mishra ◽

Atul Gupta ◽

Rakesh Sharma

Keyword(s):

Phosphate Buffer ◽

Guar Gum ◽

Oral Route ◽

Matrix Tablets ◽

In Vitro Dissolution ◽

Wet Granulation ◽

Dissolution Study ◽

Caecal Content ◽

Model Drug

The objective of present study was to develop colon targeted drug delivery using bacterially triggered approach through oral route. Valdecoxib (COX-2 inhibitor) was chosen as a model drug in order to target it to colon which may prove useful in inflammatory bowel disease and related disorders. Matrix tablets of Valdecoxib were prepared by wet granulation technique utilizing different ratio of Guar gum and Sodium starch glycholate. The prepared matrix tablets were evaluated for uniformity of weight, uniformity of content, hardness and in vitro dissolution study in simulated gastric and intestinal fluid (Phosphate Buffer pH-1.2, pH-6.8 and pH-7.4), followed by Dissolution study in bio-relevant dissolution media Phosphate Buffer (pH-6.8) containing rat caecal content. The results revealed that the formulated batch had released lesser quantity of drug at pH 1.2 and pH 7.4 in 2 hors whereas in biorelevent dissolution media containing rat caecal content it released significantly higher amount of drug which was also significantly higher than the dissolution media of same pH without caecal content (microflora) and it was concluded that guar gum can be used as a potential carrier for targeting drugs to colon.

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Influence of Formulation Variables and Processing Techniques on Drug Release from Carbopol-971 based Matrix Tablets of Cinnarizine and Nimodipine.

International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology ◽

10.25258/ijddt.v2i1.8840 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Singh K. ◽

Pandit K. ◽

Mishra N.

Keyword(s):

Drug Release ◽

Release Rate ◽

Polymer Concentration ◽

Matrix Tablets ◽

Wet Granulation ◽

Weight Variation ◽

Diffusion Controlled ◽

The Matrix ◽

Processing Techniques ◽

Formulation Variables

The matrix tablets of cinnarizine and nimodipine were prepared with varying ratio of Carbopol- 971P and co-excipients of varying hydrophilicity (i.e. dicalcium phosphate and spray dried lactose) by direct compression and wet granulation using alcoholic mucilage. The prepared tablets were evaluated for weight variation, hardness and friability. The influence of concentration of the matrix forming material and co-excipients on the release rate of the drug was studied. The release rate of Cinnarizine (more soluble drug) from tablets followed diffusion controlled mechanism whereas for nimodipine (less soluble drug), the drug release followed case-II or super case- II transport mechanism based on Korsmeyer- Peppas equation. The results indicated that the drug release from matrix tablets was increases with increase in hydrophilicity of drug and co-excipients. The release of drug also increased with thermal treatment and decreasing polymer concentration.

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Uniform Distribution of a Low Dose API in a High Dose API Using Micronization and Wet Granulation with No Excipients

10.26226/morressier.57d6b2b6d462b8028d88db75 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Vivian Renshaw

Keyword(s):

Uniform Distribution ◽

Low Dose ◽

Wet Granulation ◽

High Dose

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A Comparative Study of Matrix Tablets Designed by Different Methods

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology ◽

10.37285/ijpsn.2017.10.2.2 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 3645-3652

Author(s):

Tulsi Bisht ◽

Rishishwar Poonam

Keyword(s):

Drug Release ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Guar Gum ◽

Matrix Tablets ◽

Wet Granulation ◽

Matrix Tablet ◽

Once Daily ◽

Gum Acacia ◽

Weight Variation ◽

Evaluation Parameters

The aim of present work was to develop once daily sustained release matrix tablet of aceclofenac by wet granulation technique using natural gums i.e.: gum acacia, guar gum and Xanthan gum. In this present study matrix tablets were prepared using three different methods and a comparative study was done. Aceclofenac sodium being the newer derivative of diclofenac having short biological half life (4hrs.), so it requires more than one dose per day to maintain therapeutic dose. The prepared tablets were evaluated for various parameters like weight variation, hardness, swelling index, friability, percent drug release and various release profile like zero order, first order, Higuchi's, and Koshemeyrs-peppa. All the evaluation parameters met pharmacopoeial specifications and through dissolution studies it was matrix tablets prepared with method 2 shows heighest percent drug release and matrix tablet prepared by method 3 showed lowest percent drug release at the end of 8 hrs. (Shown in fig. 8, comparative release study of all three formulations). Matrix tablet of aceclofenac were successfully prepared and evaluated and it can be concluded that matrix tablet prepared with natural gums showed release rate for a prolonged time and can be of great importance for “once daily” tablet to reduce side effects and toxicity related with NSAIDs.

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Formulation and Evaluation of Baclofen Orally Disintegrating Tablets

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology ◽

10.37285/ijpsn.2009.2.4.7 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 733-738

Author(s):

Dumpeti Janardhan ◽

Joginapally Sreekanth ◽

P.Theja Pavan Kumar ◽

M.Vamshi Krishna

Keyword(s):

Pilot Scale ◽

Taste Masking ◽

Wet Granulation ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Disintegration Time ◽

Granulation Process ◽

Good Taste ◽

Orally Disintegrating Tablets ◽

Human Volunteers ◽

Eudragit Epo

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of polymers for masking the taste of bitter drugs when incorporated into orally disintegrating tablets. The tablets were produced by simple wet granulation technique with a model compound (baclofen) which is moderately bitter. The formulating procedure had two variables to obtain good taste masking with desirable characteristics. The optimal granulation process parameters were polymer selection and its concentration (w/w), suitable for pilot scale level. Dextrates, β- cyclodextrin, eudragit EPO and PVP K-30 were used in preparation of granules by using water and iso-propyl alcohol. Crospovidone was used intra and extra granularly as superdisintegrant. Sodium bicarbonate and citric acid were used as effervescent for fast disintegration of tablets, which also optionally act as desensitizer of taste buds. Results from evaluation of tablets indicated a disintegration time (avg) of 30-35 sec and 100% drug release was achieved within 5 min. But taste masking was achieved by only with eudragit EPO. Results from an evaluation by a panel of six human volunteers demonstrated that the orally disintegrating tablets which are prepared by using polymer Eudragit EPO (5% and 7.5% w/w of tablet) and PVP (7.5% w/w of tablet) improved taste, significantly. On studying physical parameters, F9 formulation demonstrated acceptable level of hardness and friability with good taste masking and it was thus considered as an optimized formulation

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Formulation and In vitro Release Characterization of Metoprolol Succinate Extended Release Tablets

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology ◽

10.37285/ijpsn.2011.4.4.3 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 1537-1543

Author(s):

Sakthikumar T ◽

Rajendran N N ◽

Natarajan R

Keyword(s):

Drug Release ◽

Extended Release ◽

In Vitro Release ◽

Methyl Cellulose ◽

Wet Granulation ◽

Direct Compression ◽

Metoprolol Succinate ◽

Extended Release Formulations ◽

Vitro Release

The present study was aimed to develop an extended release tablet of metoprolol Succinate for the treatment of hypertension. Four extended release formulations F1-F4 were developed using varying proportions of hydroxylpropyl-methylcellulose K100M, sodium carboxy methyl cellulose and Eudragit L30 D55 by wet granulation. Five extended release formulations F5-F9 containing HPMC K100M and HPMC 5 cps in varying concentration were developed by direct compression. The physicochemical and in vitro release characteristics of all the formulations were investigated and compared. Two formulations, F7 and F8 have shown not more 25% drug release in 1st h, 20%-40% drug release at 4th hour, 40%-60% drug release at 8th hour and not less than 80% at 20th hour and the release pattern conform with USP specification for 24 hours extended release formulation. It can be conclusively stated that optimum concentration of HPMC K100M (58%-65%) by direct compression method can yield an extended release of metoprolol succinate for 24 hours.

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Formulation and Evaluation of Immediate Release Bilayer Tablets of Telmisartan and Hydrochlorothiazide

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology ◽

10.37285/ijpsn.2011.4.3.6 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 1477-1483

Author(s):

Natarajan R ◽

N Patel ◽

Rajendran N N ◽

M Rangapriya

Keyword(s):

Antihypertensive Drugs ◽

In Vitro Release ◽

Immediate Release ◽

Wet Granulation ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Dissolution Profile ◽

Formulation Development ◽

Sodium Starch Glycolate ◽

Bilayer Tablets

The main goal of this study was to develop a stable formulation of antihypertensive drugs telmisartan and hydrochlorothiazide as an immediate-release bilayer tablet and to evaluate the dissolution profile in comparison with a reference product. The formulation development work was initiated with wet granulation. Telmisartan was converted to its sodium salt by dissolving in aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide to improve solubility and drug release. Lactose monohydrate and microcrystalline cellulose were used as diluents. Starch paste is prepared in purified water and was used as the binder. Sodium starch glycolate is added as a disintegrating agent. Magnesium stearate was used as the lubricant. The prepared granules were compressed into a double-layer compression machine. The tablets thus formulated with higher proportion of sodium starch glycolate showed satisfactory physical parameters, and it was found to be stable and in vitro release studies are showed that formulation (F-T5H5) was 101.11% and 99.89% respectively. The formulation T5H5 is further selected and compared with the release profile of the innovator product, and was found to be similar (f2 factor) to that of the marketed product. The results suggest the feasibility of developing bilayer tablets consisting of telmisartan and hydrochlorothiazide for the convenience of patients with hypertension.

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