Impact of untreated dental caries on oral health of adolescents from cities in the countryside of Rio Grande do Sul

Introduction: Dental caries is a major public health problem around the world, because it can cause pain and suffering to individuals. Even with a decline in childhood disease in recent years, it is observed in many countries. Objective: The objective of this research is to analyze the mean of dental caries and the prevalence of untreated caries and associated factors in students from the southern region of Brazil. Methods: The approach of this study is quantitative, with a cross-sectional design. The research sample was composed of 77 adolescents from the state schools of the urban area of the municipalities of Ciríaco and David Canabarro, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. For the data collection, clinical exams were performed, using the DMFT index, and the application of two semistructured questionnaires to adolescents and their parents. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and inferential statistics to the Pearson chi-square test and ANOVA at a significance level of 5%. Results: The prevalence of untreated dental caries in the final sample was 40.3% and the DMFT index (decayed, missing and filled teeth) 2.32, there was no statistical difference between cities. There was a statistically significant relationship between the variable toothache in the last six months and the outcome of untreated caries (p = 0.012) with 76% of those who had pain. There was also an association between the variable perception of the treatment at the last visit and untreated caries (p = 0.021), with 84.6% of adolescents considering poor / regular treatment. Conclusion: Although the average dental caries has been low, many adolescents have decayed and untreated teeth, with toothache and lack of quality in dental treatment being the factors that most impacted.

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Redefining the Phenotype of Dental Caries

Caries Research ◽

10.1159/000481414 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 52 (4) ◽

pp. 263-271 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Megan Weber ◽

Jenny Bogstad Søvik ◽

Aida Mulic ◽

Kathleen Deeley ◽

Anne B. Tveit ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Genetic Variants ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Recessive Model ◽

Primary Dentition ◽

Caries Experience ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Vast Number ◽

Kallikrein 4

Dental caries is a multifactorial infectious disease and a major public health problem estimated to affect 60-90% of school children as well as a vast number of adults. The aim of this work was to define patterns of progression of the disease based on longitudinal data in contrast to using a cross-sectional assessment. dmft/DMFT scores were collected at ages 5, 12, 14, 16, 17, and 18 from 876 individuals. We tested our newly defined phenotypes for association with genetic variants in genes shown to be associated with caries. We generated genotyping data using Taqman chemistry in markers of genes involved in processes such as enamel formation and salivary contributions. Kallikrein 4 (KLK4) was found to show a significant association with the created phenotypes (p = 0.0008 in a recessive model for low caries experience in the primary dentition vs. high caries experience in the primary dentition, and p = 0.0004 in a recessive model for caries free primary dentition vs. high caries experience in the primary dentition).

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Oral Health Status and Treatment Needs of Inmates in District Jail of Mathura City – A Cross Sectional Study

Journal of Oral Health and Community Dentistry ◽

10.5005/johcd-7-1-24 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 24-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

R Gupta ◽

K Dhanker ◽

NA Ingle ◽

N Kaur

Keyword(s):

Health Status ◽

Oral Health ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Oral Health Status ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Treatment Needs ◽

Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Objectives To assess the oral health status and treatment needs of inmates of, District Jail Mathura. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross sectional study was carried out on the inmates (N=870) in the district jail of Mathura. Proforma related to general demographic information was filled by the examiner and the subjects were clinically examined using WHO 1997 “Oral Health Assessment Form RESULTS This study revealed that 92.5% of the inmates were male. 53.8% never visited the dentist & 87% never received any type of dental care during imprisonment. Prevalence of pro-mucosal lesion was 59.8%. Inmates had poor periodontal conditions and 79% inmates had dental caries with mean DMFT of 4.79. CONCLUSION Periodontal disease, mucosal lesions and dental caries are major public health problem among the inmates, which require special attention and efforts from government and other organizations to meet their treatment needs.

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Assessment of the impact of toothache, untreated caries and its consequences on the quality of life among poor Brazilian children

Revista da Faculdade de Odontologia - UPF ◽

10.5335/rfo.v25i1.10236 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 88-95

Author(s):

Maria Clara Calvancati Campêlo ◽

Renata Matos Lamenha Lins ◽

Gabriela Freire Alves ◽

José Cláudio Santos Costa ◽

Valdeci Elias dos Santos-Júnior

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Dental Pain ◽

Emotional Wellbeing ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pufa Ratio ◽

Untreated Caries ◽

The Impact ◽

Untreated Dental Caries

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of dental pain and the consequences of untreated dental caries on the quality of life in children of low social-economic status aged from 8 to 10 years old. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 230 children were submitted to a clinical examination in which the caries-pufa ratio was measured, afterward, they answered to two questionnaires: one about their quality of life (CPQ8-10) and the other about dental pain. Data were statistically analyzed through Chi-square, Mann-Whitney or Kruskal-Wallis tests to evaluate the association between the variables with impact on children’s OHRQoL. To establish the existence of risk factors among variables and impact on OHRQoL a Poisson Regression model was applied. Results: Dental caries (p = 0.003; PR 2.39; 95% CI 1.04–1.56), severity of untreated caries (p = 0.008; PR 2.86; 95% CI 1.13–2.00), toothache (p < 0.001; PR 2.31; 95% CI 1.64–3.27) and PUFA + pufa index (p < 0.023; PR 2.68; 95% CI 1.10–1.87) were associated with and were a predictor factor for impact on overall OHRQoL. All of these variables also had an effect over the social welfare subscale (p ≤ 0.001), whereas caries presence was also statistically linked with the emotional wellbeing subscale (p = 0.008) and dental pain with all four subscales (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusion: Untreated dental caries’ clinical consequences and dental pain exerted a negative influence on the quality of life of schoolchildren analyzed.

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Caregiver’s oral health literacy is associated with prevalence of untreated dental caries in preschool children

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva ◽

10.1590/1413-81232018247.18752017 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (7) ◽

pp. 2737-2744 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Gisele Ristow Montes ◽

Danielle Veiga Bonotto ◽

Fernanda Morais Ferreira ◽

José Vitor Nogara Borges Menezes ◽

Fabian Calixto Fraiz

Keyword(s):

Preschool Children ◽

Oral Health ◽

Health Literacy ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Adult Literacy ◽

Oral Health Literacy ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Low Degree ◽

Untreated Caries ◽

Untreated Dental Caries

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between oral health literacy (OHL) among caregivers and untreated dental caries among preschoolers. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 415 preschool children and their caregivers from Curitiba, Brazil. The children were examined for dental caries and dental plaque. The caregivers’ OHL was evaluated using an instrument translated and validated for Brazilian Portuguese: the Brazilian Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Dentistry-30. The prevalence of children with untreated caries was 42.9% (95%CI: 38.1-47.7%). A low degree of OHL was found among 15.7% (95%CI: 12.2-19.2) of caregivers. The multivariable Poisson regression analysis indicated a higher prevalence of untreated caries among children whose caregivers had a low OHL (PR = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.01-1.79), those with visible plaque (PR = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.01-1.62) and those who never or only occasionally had their teeth brushed by their caregivers (PR = 1.48; 95% CI: 1.16-1.91) in comparison to those without these conditions. In conclusion, a higher prevalence of untreated dental caries was found among preschool children whose caregivers had a low degree of OHL.

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Association between Smoking and Dental Caries among People of Kolhapur District, Maharashtra, India

International Healthcare Research Journal ◽

10.26440/ihrj/02_05/191 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (5) ◽

pp. 121-125

Author(s):

Yojana B Patil ◽

Sachin V Shinde ◽

Afshan Qureshi

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Age Groups ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Well Being ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Validated Questionnaire ◽

Present Cross Sectional Study ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Dmft Index

INTRODUCTION: Smoking as a public health problem, harms one’s general and oral well-being leading to increased morbidity and mortality.AIM: To find out the association between dental caries and smokers (current and past) with non-smokers among people of Kolhapur District, Maharashtra, India.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present cross-sectional study was conducted among 1366 (449 smokers, 440 past smokers and 447 non-smokers), and the patients were divided among three age groups (35-44, 45-60 and >60 years). Data was recorded using a pre-tested, pre-validated questionnaire recording the demographic details and modified DMFT index. The data was analyzed using t- test, calculation of Odd’s Ratio (OR) and logistic regression was applied to find out association, if any using a licensed SPSS version 22.0.RESULTS: It was revealed that the highest mean DMFT was seen among smokers (3.66±5.78) followed by past smokers(3.01±2.66) and non-smokers (3.01±2.66). Also, the maximum DMFT was seen among 35-44 years (3.82±2.4), which was found out to be significant as compared to past -smokers and non-smokers. Odd’s ratio analysis revealed that as compared to non-smokers, current smokers and past smokers were 1.6 and 1.1 respectively. The multiple regression analysis revealed that significant difference was seen between smoking(.01) and age (0.02) with respect to DMFT.CONCLUSION: Efforts are required by clinicians to educate people about the ill-effects of tobacco and provide tobacco cessation counselling to reduce the burden of morbidity and mortality caused by tobacco.

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Knowledge on Childhood Dental Caries Among Parents of Under Five Children in A Community at Biratnagar, Nepal

Journal of Research and Development ◽

10.3126/jrdn.v4i3.39954 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 22-31

Author(s):

Sarmila Pradhan ◽

Deepika Khadgi ◽

Namita Yengden ◽

Karishma Khadgi

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

Good Knowledge ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Under Five ◽

Under Five Children ◽

Level Of Knowledge

Dental caries is a major public health problem globally and is one of the most chronic diseases in children. Children are susceptible to caries as soon as the first teeth appear. Parents are the primary decision-makers in matters of children's healthcare. If the parents are knowledgeable about the child's oral health care then childhood dental caries can be prevented. The objective of this study was to identify the knowledge on childhood dental caries among parents of under five children. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out among parents of under five children in a community of Biratnagar 12. Sample was selected using non probability purposive sampling method and data was collected by face-to-face interview using a self-developed, semi-structured interview guideline. Descriptive statistics i.e. frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation was used to assess the level of knowledge and inferential statistics i.e chi square was used to find the association between dependent and independent variables. About three fourths (71%) of the parents were of age group 20-30 years and 88% of them were mothers. Most of the parents (90%) were aware that dental caries can occur in under five children and excessive sugar intake was the most common cause as reported by all of them. Only 40% knew that dental caries is transmissible and among them 97.6% responded by sharing of toothbrush. Regarding good brushing habit, most of the parents were aware. Almost all (95%) knew that proper tooth brushing helps to prevent dental caries whereas only 19% were aware about use of fluoridated tooth paste as preventive measures. Meanwhile, only 12% of the parents were aware that first dental visit should be done when first tooth erupts or within 1 year of age More than half (79%) had good knowledge on childhood dental caries but there was no association of knowledge with socio-demographic variables. The study concluded that more than half of the respondents had good knowledge on childhood dental caries and none of the socio-demographic variables were associated with the level of knowledge of parents on dental caries. Despite good knowledge, prevalence of childhood dental caries is high in our society thus reflecting the need to assess the practice of dental care.

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Dental caries is associated with severe periodontitis in Chilean adults: a cross-sectional study

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-019-0975-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Franz-Josef Strauss ◽

Iris Espinoza ◽

Alexandra Stähli ◽

Mauricio Baeza ◽

Ricardo Cortés ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Positive Association ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Case Definitions ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Standard Case ◽

National Examination ◽

Untreated Caries ◽

Dmft Index

Abstract Background The co-occurrence of caries and periodontitis and a possible association is still a matter of debate. Thus, the aim of the study was to determine the co-occurrence of caries and periodontitis in Chilean adults. Methods Evaluation of periodontal and dental status in 994 adults (35–44 years old) based on the First Chilean National Examination Survey 2007–2008. The prevalence of caries was defined as the percentage of participants with one or more teeth with untreated caries by using the D component of the DMFT index (DT ≠ 0). The prevalence of periodontitis was determined using standard case definitions for population-based surveillance of periodontitis described by the CDC–AAP. Results Individuals with caries had an approximately 40% higher prevalence of severe (29.3% vs 20.8%, p < 0.05) and a 13% higher prevalence of total periodontitis (89.3% vs 78.4%, p < 0.05) than those without caries. Ordinal logistic regression revealed a positive association between periodontitis and the number of teeth with caries (DT ≠ 0; 3 or 4 teeth with caries: OR 1.74; CI = 1.12–2.29 p < 0.05; 5 or more teeth with caries: OR 2.47; CI = 1.66–3.67 p < 0.01). Conclusion Dental caries is associated with the severity and prevalence of periodontitis in Chilean adults. Individuals with 3 or more teeth with untreated caries are more likely to suffer from periodontal disease.

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Prevalence of Early Childhood Caries in South Africa: A Systematic Review Protocol (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.25795 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Faheema Kimmie-Dhansay ◽

Robert Barrie ◽

Sudeshni Naidoo ◽

Tina Sharon Roberts

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Early Childhood ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Early Childhood Caries ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Dental Disease ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Untreated Dental Caries ◽

Childhood Caries

BACKGROUND Young children are at the highest risk of developing dental caries as they at high risk for dental caries as they have a lack of autonomy over their diet and oral hygiene practices. Dental caries develops over time due to demineralization of tooth substance (enamel) resulting from acid production of bacterial metabolism from sugars. Early-onset of dental caries often results in asymptomatic presentation, but if left untreated, it can result in severe pain, infection and dentoalveolar abscesses. Early childhood caries (ECC) is defined as dental caries in children aged six years and younger and is a significant public health problem in South Africa. According to the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, untreated dental caries of primary teeth affects 532 million children. Untreated dental caries has many detrimental effects which can affect the physical development and reduce the quality of life of affected children. Furthermore, long term untreated dental caries can result in school absenteeism, low BMI and poor educational outcomes. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to determine the prevalence and severity of ECC in South Africa in children under 6 years of age. METHODS All cross-sectional documenting the prevalence and severity of dental disease (decayed, missing and filled teeth scores) will be included. Various databases will be searched for eligible studies, and those included will be done by using prespecified inclusion criteria. Only studies conducted on South African children who are aged 6 years and under, will be included. There will be no restriction on the time nor language of publication. The quality of all eligible studies will be analyzed by a risk of bias tool developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. The results will be presented narratively, and if possible, a meta-analysis will be conducted. RESULTS The protocol is registered with PROSPERO. The literature search was conducted in November 2018 and was repeated in November 2020. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study will be used to advise stakeholders of the prevalence and severity of dental disease in children less than 6 years of age in South Africa.

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Dental Caries Experience among Industrial Workers in Parwanoo, Himachal Pradesh, India

International Healthcare Research Journal ◽

10.26440/ihrj/0304.07255 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 150-153

Author(s):

Kesari Singh ◽

Abhinav Bhasker

Keyword(s):

Dental Caries ◽

Dental Health ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Himachal Pradesh ◽

Oral Disease ◽

Caries Experience ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Industrial Workers ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Dental caries, the oral disease with multifactorial causes is a major public health problem leading go medically significant morbidity and impacting the general health of a population directly or indirectly. Dental caries is known to affect people from every population. Objective: To assess dental caries experience in permanent dentition among industrial workers in Parwanoo, Himachal Pradesh, India. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 1024 industrial workers of Parwanoo, Himachal Pradesh, in the age group of 16-55 years. Dental caries experience was assessed using WHO dentition status proforma (2013). Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 21.0. Results: Out of 1024 study subjects, 572 were males and 452 were females. Caries prevalence was found to be 47.46%. Mean decay-missing-filled teeth score of the population was 0.95 ± 0.45 and was found to be higher among females (1.06 ± 0.42) as compared to males (0.93 ± 0.38). Conclusion: The prevalence of dental caries in industrial workers is noteworthy. Essential requisites to bring this under control include awareness regarding good dental health, education on prevention of dental caries and implication of necessary measures for the provision of adequate dental care.

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Factors associated with HIV care and treatment cascade in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, 2014–2017: A cross-sectional study

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1177/0956462420975947 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 095646242097594

Author(s):

Guilherme B Shimocomaqui ◽

Craig S Meyer ◽

Maria L Ikeda ◽

Elson Romeu Farias ◽

Tonantzin R Gonçalves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Viral Load ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Undetectable Viral Load ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hiv Care ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Treatment Cascade ◽

Care And Treatment

In 2018, Rio Grande do Sul (RS) had some of the highest HIV/AIDS rates in Brazil, and we did not find any studies about the HIV care and treatment cascade (HCTC) related to this state. We aimed to estimate the indicators of HCTC of RS, Brazil, and associated factors. A cross-sectional study with all people living with HIV (PLWH) in RS between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2017 was conducted using a national database which registers all HIV notifications, CD4 and viral load laboratory data and antiretroviral therapy (ART) usage in the public health system. We considered sex, age, education, race, year of HIV diagnosis, and health region as predictor factors, and defined linkage to care, retention to care, being on ART, and having undetectable viral load as the HCTC indicators. Descriptive analysis and multivariable logistic regression were performed using Stata 15.2. A total of 116,121 PLWH were diagnosed, 79,959 were linked to care, 72,117 retained in care, 69,219 on ART, and 54,857 had undetectable viral load from 2014 to 2017. We observed greatest attrition for younger age, non-white, and lower education in all HCTC indicators. Women are more likely to have undetectable viral load (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01–1.07), even though they are less likely to be retained to care (OR = 0.92; 95% CI: 0.89–0.96) and on ART (OR = 0.82; 95% CI: 0.78–0.86). Although all HCTC indicators have increased over the period and the “test and treat” policy indicates improvements in ART and in undetectable viral load outcomes, evidence suggests specific attrition and disparities such as those related to HIV healthcare facilities should be addressed. These findings may be used by researchers, health professionals, and policymakers in order to investigate and implement interventions to better engage PLWH across the HCTC.

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