scholarly journals Antidiabetic activity of Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt: Bioactive constituents, mechanisms of action, and synergistic effects

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Putra I Made Wisnu Adhi ◽  
Fakhrudin Nanang ◽  
Nurrochmad Arief ◽  
Wahyuono Subagus
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Coccinia Grandis

scholarly journals Antidiabetic Properties, Bioactive Constituents, and Other Therapeutic Effects ofScoparia dulcis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geethi Pamunuwa ◽  
D. Nedra Karunaratne ◽  
Viduranga Y. Waisundara
Keyword(s):  
Complementary Therapy ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Scoparia Dulcis ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Alternative And Complementary Therapy

This review discusses the antidiabetic activities ofScoparia dulcisas well as its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in relation to the diabetes and its complications. Ethnomedical applications of the herb have been identified as treatment for jaundice, stomach problems, skin disease, fever, and kidney stones, reproductory issues, and piles. Evidence has been demonstrated through scientific studies as to the antidiabetic effects of crude extracts ofS. dulcisas well as its bioactive constituents. The primary mechanisms of action of antidiabetic activity of the plant and its bioactive constituents are throughα-glucosidase inhibition, curbing of PPAR-γand increased secretion of insulin. Scoparic acid A, scoparic acid D, scutellarein, apigenin, luteolin, coixol, and glutinol are some of the compounds which have been identified as responsible for these mechanisms of action.S. dulcishas also been shown to exhibit analgesic, antimalarial, hepatoprotective, sedative, hypnotic, antiulcer, antisickling, and antimicrobial activities. Given this evidence, it may be concluded thatS. dulciscould be promoted among the masses as an alternative and complementary therapy for diabetes, provided further scientific studies on the toxicological and pharmacological aspects are carried out through eitherin vivoor clinical means.

Various Plants and Bioactive Constituents for Pigmentation Control: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 6106-6112
Author(s):  
Tan LF ◽  
Mogana R ◽  
Sasikala Chinnappan ◽  
Venkatalakshmi R ◽  
Yap VL
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Skin Irritation ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Tyrosinase Inhibition ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone

Hyperpigmentation disorders caused by excessive melanin synthesis may significantly affect the psychosocial aspect of an individual. Being the current gold standard used for the treatment of hyperpigmentation disorders, hydroquinone is associated with several adverse effects including skin irritation, contact dermatitis, mutagenic to mammalian cells, cytotoxic to melanocytes as well as exogenous ochronosis in darker-complexioned individuals. Botanically derived agents have received increased attention in treating hyperpigmentation as they are perceived to be milder, safer, healthier and more cost-effective. Several herbs, plant extracts and phytochemicals with multitude mechanisms of action have been reported to be effective depigmenting agents with milder side effects. Some of the agents were studied in combination and their hypopigmentation effects may be resulting from synergistic effects of the various components. Mechanisms involved in depigmentation include tyrosinase inhibition, inhibition of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced melanogenesis and antioxidant properties. Use of plant-derived agents for the treatment of hyperpigmentation disorders is promising with the need for more rigorous clinical studies to support the use of these agents. This review summarizes the use of various plants and bioactive constituents and their effectiveness in the control of pigmentation.

scholarly journals LC-QTOF-MS/MS Based Molecular Networking Approach for the Isolation of α-Glucosidase Inhibitors and Virucidal Agents from Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 3041
Author(s):  
Maharani A. Astiti ◽  
Akanitt Jittmittraphap ◽  
Pornsawan Leaungwutiwong ◽  
Nopporn Chutiwitoonchai ◽  
Patcharee Pripdeevech ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Influenza A ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Flavonoid Glycosides ◽  
Edible Plant ◽  
Molecular Networking ◽  
Coccinia Grandis ◽  
Glucosidase Inhibitors

Coccinia grandis or ivy gourd is an edible plant. Its leaves and fruits are used as vegetable in many countries. Many works on antidiabetic activity of a crude extract of C. grandis, i.e., in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials studies, have been reported. Profiles of the antidiabetic compounds were previously proposed by using LC-MS or GC-MS. However, the compounds responsible for antidiabetic activity have rarely been isolated and characterized by analysis of 1D and 2D NMR data. In the present work, UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS analysis and GNPS molecular networking were used to guide the isolation of α-glucosidase inhibitors from an extract of C. grandis leaves. Seven flavonoid glycosides including rutin (1), kaempferol 3-O-rutinoside (2) or nicotiflorin, kaempferol 3-O-robinobioside (3), quercetin 3-O-robinobioside (4), quercetin 3-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (5) or CTN-986, kaempferol 3-O-β-D-api-furanosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), and kaempferol 3-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-galactopyranoside (7) were isolated from C. grandis leaves. This is the first report of glycosides containing apiose sugar in the genus Coccinia. These glycosides exhibited remarkable α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, being 4.4–10.3 times more potent than acarbose. Moreover, they also displayed virucidal activity against influenza A virus H1N1, as revealed by the ASTM E1053-20 method.

scholarly journals Preventive and Prophylactic Mechanisms of Action of Pomegranate Bioactive Constituents

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Viladomiu ◽  
Raquel Hontecillas ◽  
Pinyi Lu ◽  
Josep Bassaganya-Riera
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Punicic Acid ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Potential Interactions ◽  
Pomegranate Fruit

Pomegranate fruit presents strong anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiobesity, and antitumoral properties, thus leading to an increased popularity as a functional food and nutraceutical source since ancient times. It can be divided into three parts: seeds, peel, and juice, all of which seem to have medicinal benefits. Several studies investigate its bioactive components as a means to associate them with a specific beneficial effect and develop future products and therapeutic applications. Many beneficial effects are related to the presence of ellagic acid, ellagitannins (including punicalagins), punicic acid and other fatty acids, flavonoids, anthocyanidins, anthocyanins, estrogenic flavonols, and flavones, which seem to be its most therapeutically beneficial components. However, the synergistic action of the pomegranate constituents appears to be superior when compared to individual constituents. Promising results have been obtained for the treatment of certain diseases including obesity, insulin resistance, intestinal inflammation, and cancer. Although moderate consumption of pomegranate does not result in adverse effects, future studies are needed to assess safety and potential interactions with drugs that may alter the bioavailability of bioactive constituents of pomegranate as well as drugs. The aim of this review is to summarize the health effects and mechanisms of action of pomegranate extracts in chronic inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Antidiabetic Effect of an Active Components Group fromIlex kudingchaand Its Chemical Composition

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengwu Song ◽  
Chao Xie ◽  
Zhiwen Zhou ◽  
Shanggong Yu ◽  
Nianbai Fang
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthetase ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponins ◽  
Antidiabetic Effect ◽  
First Time ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

The leaves ofIlex kudingchaare used as an ethnomedicine in the treatment of symptoms related with diabetes mellitus and obesity throughout the centuries in China. The present study investigated the antidiabetic activities of an active components group (ACG) obtained fromIlex kudingchain alloxan-induced type 2 diabetic mice. ACG significantly reduced the elevated levels of serum glycaemic and lipids in type 2 diabetic mice. 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase and glucokinase were upregulated significantly, while fatty acid synthetase, glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic enzyme was downregulated in diabetic mice after treatment of ACG. These findings clearly provided evidences regarding the antidiabetic potentials of ACG fromIlex kudingcha. Using LC-DAD/HR-ESI-TOF-MS, six major components were identified in ACG. They are three dicaffeoylquinic acids that have been reported previously, and three new triterpenoid saponins, which were the first time to be identified inIlex kudingcha. It is reasonable to assume that antidiabetic activity ofIlex kudingchaagainst hyperglycemia resulted from these six major components. Also, synergistic effects among their compounds may exist in the antidiabetic activity ofIlex kudingcha.

scholarly journals Platelet-rich plasma vs bone marrow aspirate concentrate: An overview of mechanisms of action and orthobiologic synergistic effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-167
Author(s):  
José Fábio Santos Duarte Lana ◽  
Lucas Furtado da Fonseca ◽  
Rafael da Rocha Macedo ◽  
Tomas Mosaner ◽  
William Murrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspirate ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate

scholarly journals Antidiabetic effect of Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt (Cucurbitales: Cucurbitaceae) on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats and its role in regulating carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 683-698
Author(s):  
Meenatchi Packirisamy ◽  
Purushothaman Ayyakkannu ◽  
Maneemegalai Sivaprakasam
Keyword(s):  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Coccinia Grandis ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt (Cucurbitales: Cucurbitaceae) is a climbing perennial herb, growing throughout India and it is widely used in the traditional treatment of diabetes. The aim of present study was to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of the mature unripe of Coccinia grandis in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats with special reference to carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes. The optimum dose of Coccinia grandis extract (GCE) was determined by oral glucose tolerance test. The effects of CGE were compared with glibenclamide. Oral administration of Coccinia grandis extract at a concentration of 250 mg/kg body weight once daily to diabetic rats for the period of 30 days resulted in significant reduction in the levels of plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin. Administration of CGE showed a significant increase in the levels of glycolytic enzymes and glycogen content and decrease in the levels of gluconeogenic enzymes in the liver of diabetic treated rats. The anti-hyperglycemic effect of the extract was comparable with glibenclamide, a known hypoglycemic drug. Present findings provide experimental evidence that the fruits of C. grandis have potential antidiabetic activity which might be used as a functional food and safe remedy for the treatment of diabetes and associated complications.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of Action of Flavonoids in the Management of Diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5-S) ◽  
pp. 194-202
Author(s):  
S Chandra Mohan ◽  
Namrata Jain ◽  
S. Sumathi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Cost Of Treatment ◽  
Keywords Diabetes ◽  
Microvascular And Macrovascular Complications ◽  
Chronic Use

Management of diabetes mellitus is a challenge for clinicians. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia increases the risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications, damaging the body systems.  Although a number of antidiabetic drugs are available for therapeutic intervention, toxicity, loss of efficacy in chronic use and high cost of treatment have necessitated the search for new molecules to manage diabetes. Safety and cost are the main prerequisite for the new antidiabetic molecules. Medicinal plants and their purified phytochemicals have shown promising antidiabetic potential in the past few years. The flavonoids can be widely classified into different categories like anthocyanins, catechins, flavanols, flavones, flavanones etc. Some flavonoids have hypoglycemic properties. They may improve al-tered glucose and oxidative metabolisms of diabetic states. The hypoglycemic effect of some herbal extracts has been confirmed in human and animal models of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Some of the important phytoconstituents from the classes of flavonoid have been discussed here. The current review summarizes the  antidiabetic activity of flavonoids, the mechanism-based action of flavonoids that target the various metabolic pathways in humans. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Flavonoids, Medicinal plants, mechanisms of action, T2DM

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF SIMAROUBA GLAUCA BARK EXTRACT: AN IN VITRO STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
ALEESHA R ◽  
BHARAT MISHRA
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Simarouba Glauca

Objectives: The present study was envisaged to identify the effect of anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic activity for methanolic bark extracts of Simarouba glauca. Methods: The present study design was to evaluate the in vitro anti-inflammatory and in vitro antidiabetic activity of S. glauca methanolic bark extract. To examine the antidiabetic activity, the samples were studied for their effect on inhibition of alpha-amylase and glucose transport across the dialysis membrane. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using albumin denaturation assay and membrane stabilization method. Results: Our current results indicate that the various bioactive constituents detected in S. glauca may be responsible for its in vitro antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. The ability of plant extract on anti-inflammatory activity showed that it was effective in inhibiting heat-induced albumin denaturation with an IC50 value of test and standard was found to be 46.42 μg/ml and 24.09 μg/ml. In addition to this, heat-induced hemolysis was also performed. The IC50 values of the test and standard were found to be 43.51 μg/ml and 21.41 μg/ml, respectively. The percentage inhibition of the test sample varied from the concentration range of 75 to 100 μg/ml. The IC50 value of the test and standard was found to be 19.08 μg/ml and 9.08 μg/ml, respectively. Conclusion: The findings of the present study concluded that S. glauca bark has the potential to treat diabetes and a novel natural anti-inflammatory agent as a good source. Thus, S. glauca may be a potential candidate for the development of future antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory compounds. However, still further studies and standardization of the plant research may be required to develop them as medicine.

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