scholarly journals Robust vestibular self-motion signals in macaque posterior cingulate region

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingyu Liu ◽  
Qingyang Tian ◽  
Yong Gu
Keyword(s):  
Path Integration ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Retrosplenial Cortex ◽  
Motion Platform ◽  
Spatiotemporal Model ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
Posterior Cingulate ◽  
Spatial Tasks ◽  
Self Motion

Self-motion signals, distributed ubiquitously across parietal-temporal lobes, propagate to limbic hippocampal system for vector-based navigation via hubs including posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and retrosplenial cortex (RSC). Although numerous studies have indicated posterior cingulate areas are involved in spatial tasks, it is unclear how their neurons represent self-motion signals. Providing translation and rotation stimuli to macaques on a 6-degree-of-freedom motion platform, we discovered robust vestibular responses in PCC. A combined three-dimensional spatiotemporal model captured data well and revealed multiple temporal components including velocity, acceleration, jerk, and position. Compared to PCC, RSC contained moderate vestibular temporal modulations and lacked significant spatial tuning. Visual self-motion signals were much weaker in both regions compared to the vestibular signals. We conclude that macaque posterior cingulate region carries vestibular-dominant self-motion signals with plentiful temporal components that could be useful for path integration.

scholarly journals Robust vestibular self-motion signals in macaque posterior cingulate region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingyu Liu ◽  
Qingyang Tian ◽  
Yong Gu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Information ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Retrosplenial Cortex ◽  
Motion Platform ◽  
Spatiotemporal Model ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
Posterior Cingulate ◽  
Spatial Tasks ◽  
Self Motion

AbstractSelf-motion signals, distributed ubiquitously across parietal-temporal lobes, propagate to limbic hippocampal system for vector-based navigation via hubs including posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and retrosplenial cortex (RSC). Although numerous studies have indicated that posterior cingulate areas are involved in spatial tasks, it is unclear about how their neurons represent self-motion signals. By providing translation and rotation stimuli to macaques on a 6-degree-of-freedom motion platform, we discovered robust vestibular responses in PCC. A combined 3-dimensional spatiotemporal model captured data well and revealed multiple temporal components including velocity, acceleration, jerk, and position. The former three signals, but not position, conveyed consistent spatial information. Compared to PCC, RSC contained moderate vestibular temporal modulations and lacked significant spatial tuning. Visual self-motion signals were much weaker in both regions compared to the vestibular signals. We conclude that macaque posterior cingulate region carries vestibular-dominant self-motion signals with plentiful temporal components that could be useful for path integration.

Cortical Representations of Personally Familiar Objects and Places: Functional Organization of the Human Posterior Cingulate Cortex

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motoaki Sugiura ◽  
Nadim J. Shah ◽  
Karl Zilles ◽  
Gereon R. Fink
Keyword(s):  
Functional Organization ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Retrosplenial Cortex ◽  
Parahippocampal Gyrus ◽  
Intraparietal Sulcus ◽  
Posterior Cingulate ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Familiar Objects

The recognition of both personally familiar objects and places involves nonspatial memory retrieval processes, but only personally familiar places are represented as space. Although the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) is considered to process both types of such memories, its functional organization is poorly understood. In this event-related fMRI study, normal subjects judged familiar/unfamiliar pictures in four categories: familiar places (FP), familiar objects (FO), unfamiliar places (UP), and unfamiliar objects (UO), thus constituting a two-factorial design. A significant main effect of stimuli with greater activation in the place (FP and UP) than object (FO and UO) trials was observed bilaterally in several medial temporo-occipito-parietal regions, including the caudal PCC (cPCC) and parahippocampal gyrus. The reverse comparison revealed greater activation in the lateral inferior occipito-temporal junctions and intraparietal sulci bilaterally. A significant main effect of familiarity with greater activation in the familiar (FP and FO) than unfamiliar (UP and UO) trials was observed in the mid-dorsal PCC (mPCC), retrosplenial cortex, posterior precuneus, and the left intraparietal sulcus. Activation specific to the FP trials (as assessed by the interaction) was observed in the right posterodorsal PCC (pPCC) only. Together with data from previous functional imaging studies, the results suggest a functional segregation of human PCC with differential involvement of pPCC in spatial representations of personally familiar places and of the mPCC and retrosplenial cortex in episodic retrieval of personally familiar places and objects. Activation of the left intraparietal sulcus may reflect retrieval of memories related to object manipulation.

scholarly journals Functional connectivity between the entorhinal and posterior cingulate cortices associated with navigation impairment following path integration in at-genetic-risk Alzheimer’s disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian Coughlan ◽  
Peter Zhukovsky ◽  
Vaisakh Puthusseryppady ◽  
Rachel Gillings ◽  
Anne-Marie Minihane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Path Integration ◽  
Amyloid Plaque ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Posterior Cingulate

ABSTRACTNavigation processes mediated selectively by the entorhinal cortex (EC) may be impaired in individuals with suspected preclinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but the clinical utility of navigation tests to detect such impairments remains to be established. In a sample of 64 individuals (32 e3e3 and 32 e3e4), we tested whether an existing paradigm, the Virtual Supermarket Test (VST), can reliably detect the presence or absence of the APOE e4 allele which accelerates amyloid plaque deposition in the brain. The present study assessed four major navigational processes that are subserved by functionally specialised cell groups located in AD vulnerable regions including the EC and examined the relationship between navigation process and regional functional connectivity (FC) given FC is a marker early AD-related tau seeding. While heading direction and spatial memory were unaffected by at-risk AD, clear altered navigational strategies following path integration were found on the VST in the e3e4 group. The APOE-sensitive VST measure correctly classified 77% of the APOE cohort. Including resting-state FC between the EC and the posterior cingulate cortex, a correlate of the path integration deficit in the APOE e4 group, the classification model increased the accuracy to 85%. Our findings show that at-genetic-risk AD selectively impairs path integration and biases self-reported spatial locations away from the centre and towards the boundary of a virtual environment. Importantly, this impairment is associated with reduced FC between the EC and the posterior cingulate cortex, which in turn informs the neurobiological mechanisms of at-genetic-risk of AD.

scholarly journals Mapping the organization and dynamics of the posterior medial network during movie watching

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose A. Cooper ◽  
Kyle A. Kurkela ◽  
Simon W. Davis ◽  
Maureen Ritchey
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Retrosplenial Cortex ◽  
Angular Gyrus ◽  
Default Network ◽  
Mediated Communication ◽  
Event Cognition ◽  
Posterior Cingulate ◽  
Parahippocampal Cortex

AbstractBrain regions within a posterior medial network (PMN) are characterized by sensitivity to episodic tasks, and they also demonstrate strong functional connectivity as part of the default network. Despite its cohesive structure, delineating the intranetwork organization and functional diversity of the PMN is crucial for understanding its contributions to multidimensional event cognition. Here, we probed functional connectivity of the PMN during movie watching to identify its pattern of connections and subnetwork functions in a split-sample replication of 136 participants. Consistent with prior findings of default network fractionation, we identified distinct PMN subsystems: a Ventral PM subsystem (retrosplenial cortex, parahippocampal cortex, posterior angular gyrus) and a Dorsal PM subsystem (medial prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, precuneus, posterior cingulate cortex, anterior angular gyrus). These subsystems were anchored by two complementary regions: Retrosplenial cortex mediated communication between parahippocampal cortex and the Dorsal PM system, and posterior cingulate cortex mediated communication among Dorsal PM regions. Finally, the distinction between PMN subsystems is functionally relevant: whereas both Dorsal and Ventral PM connectivity tracked the movie content, only Ventral PM connections increased in strength at event transitions and appeared sensitive to episodic memory. Overall, these findings provide a model of PMN pathways and reveal distinct functional roles of intranetwork subsystems associated with event cognition.

scholarly journals Retrieval Goal Modulates Memory for Context

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 2529-2540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachael L. Elward ◽  
Michael D. Rugg
Keyword(s):  
Source Memory ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Retrosplenial Cortex ◽  
Test Phase ◽  
Gray Background ◽  
Posterior Cingulate ◽  
Location Task ◽  
Parahippocampal Cortex ◽  
Contextual Retrieval ◽  
Spatial Locations

fMRI was employed to assess whether the contents of recollection vary according to retrieval goal. At study, visually presented words were superimposed on urban or rural scenes or a gray background. The word–background pairs were presented in one of three spatial locations. During a scanned test phase, studied and unstudied words were presented. Two different source memory tasks were randomly interleaved. In the “background” task, the requirement was to judge whether the word had been presented against one of the two classes of scene, as opposed to the alternate class or the gray background. In the “location” task, discrimination was between words presented in one of the two lateral locations and words presented in either of the alternate locations. In both tasks, unstudied words required a separate response. In the background task, words studied against scenes elicited greater activity in parahippocampal and retrosplenial cortex than did words studied against the gray background, consistent with prior reports of scene reinstatement effects. Reinstatement effects were also evident in the location task. Relative to the background task, however, the effects were attenuated in parahippocampal cortex. In other regions, including medial prefrontal and posterior cingulate cortex, activity elicited in the location task by items associated with scenes was lower than that elicited by items presented on the gray background. The findings are interpreted as evidence that contextual retrieval is partially modulated by retrieval goal.

Serum Vitamin D and Cingulate Cortex Thickness in Older Adults: Quantitative MRI of the Brain

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1063-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzague Foucault ◽  
Guillaume T Duval ◽  
Romain Simon ◽  
Olivier Beauchet ◽  
Mickael Dinomais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Vitamin D Insufficiency ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Posterior Cingulate ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with brain changes, and cognitive and mobility declines in older adults. Method: Two hundred and fifteen Caucasian older community-dwellers (mean±SD, 72.1±5.5years; 40% female) received a blood test and brain MRI. The thickness of perigenual anterior cingulate cortex, midcingulate cortex and posterior cingulate cortex was measured using FreeSurfer from T1-weighted MR images. Age, gender, education, BMI, mean arterial pressure, comorbidities, use of vitamin D supplements or anti-vascular drugs, MMSE, GDS, IADL, serum calcium and vitamin B9 concentrations, creatinine clearance were used as covariables. Results: Participants with vitamin D insufficiency (n=80) had thinner total cingulate thickness than the others (24.6±1.9mm versus 25.3±1.4mm, P=0.001); a significant difference found for all 3 regions. Vitamin D insufficiency was cross-sectionally associated with a decreased total cingulate thickness (β=- 0.49, P=0.028). Serum 25OHD concentration correlated positively with the thickness of perigenual anterior (P=0.011), midcingulate (P=0.013) and posterior cingulate cortex (P=0.021). Conclusion: Vitamin D insufficiency was associated with thinner cingulate cortex in the studied sample of older adults. These findings provide insight into the pathophysiology of cognitive and mobility declines in older adults with vitamin D insufficiency.

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