scholarly journals Introduction: The harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) - a global perspective

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Bjørge ◽  
Geneviève Desportes ◽  
Gordon T Waring ◽  
Aqqalu Rosing-Asvid
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Phoca Vitulina ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Harbour Seal ◽  
The North ◽  
Harbour Seals ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The Baltic

Introduction to Volume 8: Harbour seals in the North Atlantic and the Baltic 

scholarly journals Harbour seals in the North Atlantic and the Baltic

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Mario Acquarone
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
The North ◽  
Harbour Seals ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The Baltic

Preface to Volume 8: Harbour seals in the North Atlantic and the Baltic

scholarly journals Distribution and population structure of North Atlantic harbour seals (Phoca vitulina)

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liselotte Andersen ◽  
Morton Tange Olsen
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Phoca Vitulina ◽  
Genetic Population ◽  
The North ◽  
Harbour Seals ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Ecological Methods

A review of the known geographical distribution and current knowledge on the genetic population structure of harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) in the North Atlantic is presented. Based on a synthesis of the results fromfive different studies of neutral geneticmarkers (mtDNAand nuclear microsatellites, mainly) twelve genetically distinct populations were identified in the North Atlantic: USA/Canada, Iceland, west coast of Norway, Ireland-Scotland, English east coast, Channel area, Wadden Sea, Limfjord, Skagerrak, Kattegat, West Baltic, and East Baltic. Most of the studies addressed the population structure at the regional level, while only a few addressed the structuring at a local level, i.e. within countries. Due to the limited number of studies conducted, the identified population units were considered preliminary andmore detailed, local studieswould probably reveal structuring on a finer scale. The choice of genetic markers, their properties, resolution in time and applicability in population structure studies is shortly discussed and compared to ecological methods used to delineate populations.

scholarly journals Impact of the North Atlantic Oscillation on river runoff in the Belarus part of the Baltic Sea basin

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 413-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Danilovich ◽  
D. Wrzesiński ◽  
L. Nekrasova
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
River Runoff ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Baltic Sea Basin ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation

The dynamics of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and river runoff in the Belarus part of the Baltic Sea basin have been studied. Correlation coefficients between NAO indices and monthly, seasonal and annual discharges were calculated, changes in the runoff in the opposite stages of NAO and its intra-annual distribution were analysed, and runoff trends for different time series were investigated. The closest connection could be observed between NAO indices for December–March and the runoff of Belarusian rivers in the Baltic basin. The highest correlation coefficients were calculated for winter and spring months. The intra-annual runoff differs in opposite stages of the North Atlantic Oscillation. The most significant increase of monthly runoff was observed after 1961. There was a positive trend of runoff at the beginning of the year, but a negative one in the summer and autumn months.

scholarly journals A review of methods for defining population structure in the harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena)

2003 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Lockyer
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Harbour Porpoise ◽  
The North ◽  
Contaminant Loads ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The Baltic

Wide-ranging methods that have been used to determine population structure, including distribution, life history, biology, ecological factors such as diet and contaminant loads, morphology and genetics, are reviewed. The importance of determining population sub-structure of harbour porpoise throughout the North Atlantic, especially in regions affected by incidental take in fisheries, is discussed in relation to management measures. Some practical proposals are made for integrating diverse information about populations, using the phylogeographic approach, for thepurpose of evaluating the need to manage putative subpopulations separately. Examples focusingon the North and Baltic seas areas are used in this discussion, with some reference to other areas. It is concluded that the existing IWC proposal for 13 populations in the North Atlantic is generally supported, but with some refinement and modification; in particular, allowing sub-divisions in the area through the North Sea to the Baltic.

scholarly journals Bremen’s trade with the North Atlantic, c. 1400–1700

AmS-Skrifter ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Adolf E. Hofmeister
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Ninth Century ◽  
The North ◽  
Trading Posts ◽  
Island Communities ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Insight Into

There is little evidence of Bremen merchants in Norway before the royal charters issued from 1279 onwards, even though Bremen had been the seat of the missionary archbishop for the Nordic countries since the ninth century. Trade in Bergen in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries was dominated by the Hanseatic cities of the Baltic Sea coast led by merchants from Lübeck. Despite opposition from Hanseatic merchants sailing to Bergen, merchants from Hamburg and Bremen developed new trading posts to barter cod on Iceland and Shetland in the fifteenth century. Traders from Hamburg and Bremen on Iceland competed for licences issued by the Danish king. The 1558 debt register of a merchant from Bremen in Kumbaravogur provides considerable insight into this trade. The Danish king restricted sailings to Iceland to Danish merchants from 1601. On Shetland the Scottish foud allotted landing places to foreign skippers and traders. Merchants from Bremen became respected members of the island communities and in the seventeenth century they changed to trading in herring. Several tariff rate rises led to the end of Bremen sailings to Shetland by the beginning of the eighteenth century. Bremen merchants in Norway succeeded in breaking the Lübeck dominance in Bergen in the sixteenth century. By 1600, other Norwegian harbours in the North Atlantic, notably Stavanger, were also destinations for ships from Bremen.

scholarly journals NATO jako cel rosyjskiej aktywności w środowisku informacyjnym państw bałtyckich

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Gałek
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Global Strategy ◽  
Information Environment ◽  
New Order ◽  
Strategic Competition ◽  
The North ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Right

Russia defines relations with The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in the category of strategic competition and struggle for influence. It realizes its goals through various methods and tools, choosing the right combination of them, depending on the entities to which they are dedicated. This article is an attempt to synthetically discuss the activity of the Russian Federation in the information environment of the Baltic States, oriented to the North Atlantic Alliance (NATO), determining its conditions, mechanisms and key narratives. The author considers the fact that the attitude towards NATO is part of Russia‘s global strategy, which aims to revise the international order in a direction that would guarantee a return to its rightful position in the emerging new order.

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