scholarly journals First independent feeding of harp seal (Phoca groenlandica) and hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) pups in the Greenland Sea

2000 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tore Haug ◽  
Kjell T Nilssen ◽  
Lotta Lindblom
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Competition ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Harp Seal ◽  
Minor Importance ◽  
Greenland Sea ◽  
The West ◽  
Hooded Seal ◽  
Cystophora Cristata ◽  
Phoca Groenlandica

Data were collected from harp seal (Phoca groenlandica) and hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) pups belonging to the Greenland Sea (or "West Ice") stocks in 1995-1997. Pups of both species were observed to feed independently shortly after weaning, and their first food was almost exclusively crustaceans. Parathemisto sp., particularly P. libellula, dominated the diet of both the harp and the hooded seal pups, but the diet also contained sympagic amphipods of the genus Gammarus. Krill (Thysanoessa sp.) was of minor importance as food for seal pups in 1995, but occurred more frequentlyin the diet of both species in 1996 and 1997. Considerable niche overlap may suggest some interspecific competition between harp and hooded seal pups in the West Ice.

Levels of non-essential elements in muscle from harp seal (Phagophilus groenlandicus) and hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) caught in the Greenland Sea area

2006 ◽  
Vol 366 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 784-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linn Anne Brunborg ◽  
Ingvild Eide Graff ◽  
Livar Frøyland ◽  
Kåre Julshamn
Keyword(s):  
Essential Elements ◽  
Harp Seal ◽  
Greenland Sea ◽  
Hooded Seal ◽  
Cystophora Cristata ◽  
Sea Area

scholarly journals Feeding habits of harp (Phoca groenlandica) and hooded seals (Cystophora cristata) during late winter, spring and early summer in the Greenland Sea

2000 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Potelev ◽  
Kjell Tormod Nilssen ◽  
Vladislav Svetochev ◽  
Tore Haug
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Polar Cod ◽  
Greenland Sea ◽  
Hooded Seal ◽  
Cystophora Cristata ◽  
Phoca Groenlandica ◽  
Polar Cod Boreogadus Saida ◽  
Seal Diet

Diet data were collected in the Greenland Sea pack ice (the West Ice) from March to June from harp seals (Phoca groenlandica) in 1987, 1990-1992 and 1997, and from hooded seals (Cystophora cristata) in 1992 and 1994, during Soviet Russian commercial sealing and on Norwegian scientific expeditions. The majority of both harp and hooded seal stomachs were empty but intestinal contents were found in most of the seals. The harp seal diet was totally dominated by the amphipods Parathemisto sp. and Gammarus sp., but krlll (Thysanoessa sp.) and polar cod (Boreogadus saida) were also eaten quite frequently. Hooded seals had been feeding mainly on the squid Gonatus fabricii, which was found most frequently in the intestines, but which also dominated in the few stomachs with contents. Polar cod also occurred quite frequently in the hooded seal diet, while crustaceans, such as amphipods and krill, occurred only sporadically.

Organochlorines in mother and pup pairs in two Arctic seal species: Harp seal (Phoca groenlandica) and hooded seal (Cystophora cristata)

1997 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Espeland ◽  
Lars Kleivane ◽  
Signe Haugen ◽  
Janneche Utne Skaare
Keyword(s):  
Harp Seal ◽  
Hooded Seal ◽  
Cystophora Cristata ◽  
Phoca Groenlandica

scholarly journals Morbilliviral Dermatitis in Seals

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 724-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. P. Lipscomb ◽  
M. G. Mense ◽  
P. L. Habecker ◽  
J. K. Taubenberger ◽  
R. Schoelkopf
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Hooded Seal ◽  
Cystophora Cristata ◽  
Phoca Groenlandica ◽  
Phocine Distemper Virus ◽  
Intracytoplasmic Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Polymerase Chain

A juvenile female hooded seal ( Cystophora cristata) and a juvenile male harp seal ( Phoca groenlandica) stranded separately on the New Jersey (USA) coast and were taken to a marine mammal rehabilitation center. Both were lethargic and emaciated, had dermatitis, and died. Histologic skin lesions in the seals were similar and consisted of epidermal and follicular epithelial hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis, degeneration, and necrosis. The most distinctive finding was extensive syncytial zones bounded superficially by hyperkeratosis and deeply by hyperplastic basal cells. Eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies were present in epithelial cells. Morbilliviral antigen was demonstrated in the skin lesions by immunohistochemistry. Phocine distemper virus was detected in the skin by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and a phocine distemper virus-specific probe using the Southern blot technique. This is the first report of morbilliviral dermatitis in marine mammals.

Fatty-acyl esters of retinol (vitamin A) in the liver of the harp seal (Phoca groenlandica), hooded seal (Cystophora cristata), and California sea lion (Zalophus californianus)

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 809-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark D. Ball ◽  
Christopher P. Nizzi ◽  
Harold C. Furr ◽  
James A. Olson ◽  
Olav T. Oftedal
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Zalophus Californianus ◽  
Sea Lion ◽  
California Sea Lion ◽  
Liver Lipids ◽  
Hooded Seal ◽  
Cystophora Cristata ◽  
Phoca Groenlandica ◽  
Retinyl Esters

The fatty-acid composition of retinyl esters in the livers of two species of phocid seal, the harp seal (Phoca groenlandica, n = 20) and the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata, n = 15), and one species of otariid seal, the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus, n = 6), was determined. Vitamin A ranged in concentration from 4 to 1024 nmol retinol/g liver for the phocids and from 381 to 979 nmol/g liver for the otariids. In most of the livers, retinyl palmitate was not the principal ester, and the palmitate + stearate + oleate trio of retinyl esters represented less than 50% of the total. In all samples, the retinyl esters contained 20:1, 20:4, 20:5, and 22:6 in unusually large amounts. Retinyl esters tended to be richer than whole-liver lipids in 20:5 + 22:6, whereas whole-liver lipids were richer in 18:0 and 18:2. Therefore, the pool of acyl donors used for the esterification of retinol may be distinct from that used for other lipids. Birth-to-weaning changes were seen only in the harp seals. In the pups, the hepatic vitamin-A concentration increased 454%, while the proportion of 18:0 and 20:1 in the retinyl esters rose and that of 14:0 + 16:1 and 20:4 fell. Concomitantly, in their mothers, the proportion of 20:4 increased but that of 16:0 and 18:0 decreased.Key words: fatty-acid composition, pinniped liver, retinyl esters, vitamin A.

Hooded Seal (Cystophora cristata) Pup Production in the Gulf of St. Lawrence

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 2546-2550 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. O. Hammill ◽  
G. B. Stenson ◽  
R. A. Myers
Keyword(s):  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
The West ◽  
Hooded Seal ◽  
Cape Breton Island ◽  
Small Patch ◽  
Cape Breton ◽  
Cystophora Cristata ◽  
Aerial Surveys ◽  
Production Estimate ◽  
Magdalen Islands

Systematic visual aerial surveys were flown in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence during March 1990 and 1991 to estimate hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) pup production. In 1990, the main whelping patch, occupying an area of 264 km2, was located near Cape Breton Island. One hundred and five pups were counted on 17 transects, resulting in a mean density of 1.74 pups∙kim−2 and an estimated pup production of 1638 (SE = 466). In 1991, a large whelping patch was located to the west of the Magdalen Islands, a second off the coast of Prince Edward Island, and a small patch was later found south of the Magdalen Islands. The two major patches were surveyed, resulting in a pup production estimate of 1564 (SE = 101). During the 1991 surveys, an estimated 71–93% of the pups were on the ice. Correcting for the distribution of births results in a minimum 1991 pup production estimate of 2006 (SE = 190) for the Gulf of St. Lawrence.

Nutritional composition of blubber and meat of hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) and harp seal (Phagophilus groenlandicus) from Greenland

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linn Anne Brunborg ◽  
Kåre Julshamn ◽  
Ragnar Nortvedt ◽  
Livar Frøyland
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Harp Seal ◽  
Hooded Seal ◽  
Cystophora Cristata

Estimation of hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) pup production in the Greenland Sea pack ice during the 2005 whelping season

Polar Biology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 867-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnt-Børre Salberg ◽  
Tore Haug ◽  
Kjell Tormod Nilssen
Keyword(s):  
Greenland Sea ◽  
Hooded Seal ◽  
Cystophora Cristata ◽  
Pack Ice

scholarly journals Volume capacity and contraction control of the seal spleen

1997 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 1989-1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Cabanac ◽  
Lars P. Folkow ◽  
Arnoldus Schytte Blix
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Total Blood Volume ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
Venous Outflow ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Hooded Seal ◽  
Cystophora Cristata ◽  
Phoca Groenlandica ◽  
Stimulation Of

Cabanac, Arnaud, Lars P. Folkow, and Arnoldus Schytte Blix.Volume capacity and contraction control of the seal spleen. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(6): 1989–1994, 1997.—Volume changes in the spleens of hooded seals ( Cystophora cristata) and harp seals ( Phoca groenlandica) were measured plethysmographically in vitro in response to epinephrine, norepinephrine, isoprenaline, phentolamine, and acetylcholine. Dilated spleens contracted forcefully within 1–3 min of α-adrenoceptor activation with 1.0–5.0 μg epinephrine/kg body mass, whereas stimulation of β-adrenoceptors and cholinergic receptors had little effect. The mass of dilated hooded seal spleens corresponded to 2–4% ( n = 7) of body mass, with volume (V; ml) relating to body mass (M; kg) as follows: V = 12.0M + 910 ( r 2 = 0.96, n = 4). Thus the spleen of a 250-kg hooded seal maximally expels 3.9 liters, or 13%, of its estimated total blood volume. Average hematocrit in splenic venous outflow from dilated spleens was 90 ± 3% ( n = 3) in hooded seals and 85% ( n = 2) in harp seals. From these data we have estimated that the aerobic diving limit of a 250-kg hooded seal increases only 105 s, at the most, if complete emptying of the spleen occurs during diving, while the corresponding estimate for a 112-kg harp seal is 80 s.

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