scholarly journals Everyday life in wartime Arkhangelsk: The problem of starvation and death during the Second World War (1939–1945)

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizaveta Khatanzeiskaya

The article «Everyday Life in Wartime Arkhangelsk: The Problem of Starvation and Death during the Second World War (1939–1945)» is based on primary sources: interviews with eyewitnesses, memoirs, materials of press, diaries and archival documents. During the Second World War more than 40 thousand civilians died in Arkhangelsk (one fourth of its prewar population) because of starvation. This paper is an attempt to explain this phenomenon. 

Knygotyra ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 210-235
Author(s):  
Jana Dreimane

[full article, abstract in English; abstract in Lithuanian] The aim of the research is to find out the influence of the Nazi regime on preservation of historical book collections, which were established in Jewish societies, schools, religious organizations and private houses in Latvia until the first Soviet occupation (1940/1941). At the beginning, libraries of Jewish associations and other institutions were expropriated by the Soviet power, which started the elimination of Jewish books and periodicals published in the independent Republic of Latvia. The massive destruction of Jewish literature collections was carried out by Nazi occupation authorities (1941-1944/45), proclaiming Jews and Judaism as their main “enemies”. However, digitized archives of Nazi organizations (mainly documents of the Reichsleiter Rosenberg Taskforce) shows that a small part of the Latvian Jewish book collections was preserved for research purposes and after the Second World War scattered in different countries. Analysis of archival documents will clarify the Nazi strategy for Latvian Jewish book collections. It will be determined which book values survived the war and what their further fate in the second half of the 1940s was.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-249
Author(s):  
Mahmud Zaynievich Orziev ◽  
◽  
Ahmadjon Asror ogli Ahmadov

This article highlights the activities of foreign spies and Turkestan immigrants in Afghanistan during World War II by analyzing historical sources and literature. Also, the National Organization of Bukhara and Bukhara residents in the territory of Afghanistan and the issues of its activities and fate were analyzed on the basis of primary sources. In addition, the causes and factors of the defeat of the German and Japanese espionage in Afghanistan have been covered


2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 472-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan J. Díaz Benítez

The secret supply of the German Navy during the Second World War has scarcely been studied until now. The goal of this article is to study one of the more active supply areas of the Etappendienst at the beginning of the war, the one known as Etappe Kanaren, as part of the Grossetappe Spanien-Portugal. In this research primary sources from German Naval War Command have been consulted. Among the main conclusions, it should be pointed out, on the one hand, the intense activity to support the Kriegsmarine during the first years of the war, despite the distance from mainland Spain and the British pressure, which finally stopped the supply operations. On the other hand, we have confirmed the active role of the Spanish government in relation to the Etappendienst: Spanish authorities allowed the supply operations, but pressure from the Allies forced the Spanish government to impede these activities.


2019 ◽  
pp. 271-284
Author(s):  
Ken Hirschkop

The conclusion examines the situation after the Second World War. It shows how the linguistic turn in analytic philosophy ended and how the social democratic settlement in Western Europe gave birth to the new linguistic turns known as structuralism. The author explores the former by examining the career of Richard Rorty and the latter by looking at how Roland Barthes combines ideas from Saussure with a project for a radical analysis of French everyday life in the Mythologies. The book concludes with a review of how the various linguistic turns overinvested in the idea of language.


2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-107
Author(s):  
Marie-France Weiner ◽  
John Russell Silver

Recently discovered primary sources in the form of letters, memoranda and private communications between George Riddoch and Ludwig Guttmann provide much information on the setting up of spinal units in the United Kingdom during the Second World War. The two men developed a close relationship and in Guttmann, Riddoch found a man who had the knowledge, the ability and the energy to implement this shared vision.


2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-225
Author(s):  
Ghazi Karim

A remembrance of the experience of Baghdad during the Second World War, is presented mainly from the vantage of the book sellers’ market of Suq Al Sarai, located in the centre of Baghdad near Al-Sarai and Al-Mutanabbi streets. The Suq, long the locale of cultural exchange and a foundry for Iraqi intellectual life, experienced the war in a unique way, with shortages of paper and accessibility to foreign books, journals and voices at the fore, rather than the absence of foodstuffs and other necessities of everyday life made short due to the war. The author notes how the violence and the attendant dislocation brought to this home of ideas and comity was to see itself repeated with even much greater bloodshed in a further violent clash during 2007.


Author(s):  
EDIAGBONYA MICHAEL

This paper discusses the power politics in the League of Nations. It examines the League of Nations as a formal international organisation whose purpose was the maintenance of world peace. It analyse the gross oppression of the major European powers over the smaller nations, as well as engaging in bitter rivalry yet the League of Nations could not take decisive actions. The inability of the League of Nations to prevent the occurrence of the Second World War also came to focus. Data for the study was obtained through oral interview as primary sources and secondary sources such as books, newspapers, articles, theses, dissertation journals etc. It was found that the establishment of the League of Nations became an acceptable concept because of casualties and devastation associated with the First World War. It was demonstrated that the League of Nations later became a toothless bull dog because it could not prevent the constant violations of its covenant by the major European powers. It was also found that the second world could have been avoided if the organisation was proactive in handling the issues that led to the war. It concluded that the League of Nations lacked the cohesive force to adequately intervene in conflict and crises.


Author(s):  
Josh King

New Zealand’s longest and most important campaign of the Second World War was in the Middle East. When New Zealand’s Middle Eastern war is discussed, the focus is usually on combat and the lives of New Zealanders on the battlefield. The limited discussion of life behind the lines is dominated by a picture of racism, drunkenness and debauchery with its focal point in Cairo. This article uses primary sources, including diaries, letters and soldier publications, and focusses on how New Zealanders saw the Middle East as a place, through the lenses of the desert, the city, the Holy Land and the ancient world. An examination of these topics reveals a complex and rich picture of respect and loathing, delight and disgust, wonder and disillusionment. Such a picture shows that the one-dimensional understanding of racism and poor behaviour is an entirely inadequate representation of New Zealanders’ Middle Eastern war.


2019 ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Stepan Vynogradov

The article deals with the issues of the anti-German information and propaganda activities of the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (Bandera) (further OUN (B) and the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (hereinafter — UIA) among the Ukrainian population during the Second World War (June 1941–1944). Responding to archival documents, the author notes the three main periods in the deployment of the anti-German information and propaganda activities of the OUN and the UIA. The first period — from June 1941 to the September conference of the OUN in 1941. The second period — from September 1941 to February 1943, in particular, to the third conference of UNO. The third period — from February 1943 until the final liberation of Ukraine from German invaders in 1944.The author highlights the main tasks of the anti-German information and propaganda activities of the OUN (B) and the UIA among the population of the occupied Ukraine. He concludes that, aspiring to oppose the German occupation regime, the underground of the OUN (B) and the UIA during the war created their own propaganda network, established a mass production of printed publications, solved the problem of propagandists, conducted active verbal propaganda, and introduced a new type of mass campaign — propaganda raids of the UIA.However, the anti-German propaganda of the OUN (b) and the UIA during all the time of its management had its own peculiarities that distinguished it from other propagandistic directions of Ukrainian nationalists.Despite the tangible advantage of the enemy in propaganda, OUN (B) and UIA persistently and consistently propagandised their ideas. The content of their propaganda activities was consistent with each specific stage of the OUN and UIA struggles, taking into account the peculiarities of national environments that were disseminated through informational and propaganda activities.


Author(s):  
Neil Gregor

Why, and how, did Germans listen to symphonic music during the Second World War? This chapter focuses on wartime Munich, where there was a strong increase in performances owing to expanded demand by listeners. Most work on concert-hall life in this period echoes clichéd claims regarding the relation between culture and barbarism; this chapter seeks instead to explore the everydayness of the practice, which embodied a social habit that remained fundamentally unchanged from before the war and continued unchanged after it. One might speak in this context of the “regime of listening” that governed behavioral norms in the Western concert hall more generally. In this sense, the chapter argues that it is easier to make sense of how and why Germans listened to music during the war if we worry less about their nationality and concentrate more on the connection of this phenomenon to sensory cultures in the period more broadly.


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