Conclusion

2018 ◽  
pp. 250-260
Author(s):  
Wim Klooster ◽  
Gert Oostindie
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Goods ◽  
New World ◽  
African Descent ◽  
Port Cities ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Domestic Servants ◽  
European Consumer ◽  
Women Of African Descent ◽  
The Guianas

Slavery was a major pillar of the Dutch Atlantic, from West Africa via the insular Caribbean to the Guianas. Increasingly, free men and women of African descent were increasingly visible in the Dutch military forces, and in colonial port cities, where they were employed as domestic servants and artisans, and contributed to the maritime economy. Dutch traders became the great intermediaries of the Atlantic world, providing a reliable alternative source of European consumer goods and a market for any sort of New World products, thus enabling foreign mercantilism to function better. The great diversity of European backgrounds of the whites was a serious obstacle to the transmission of Dutchness in the colonies in Guiana and the insular Caribbean. Creolization not only marked the birth, particularly in the Guianas, of new Afro-Caribbean cultures, but equally of new cultural forms deriving from the asymmetrical “encounters” between Africans, Europeans, and to a much lesser degree Amerindians.

“The Lord walks among the pots and pans”

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy E. van Deusen
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
African Descent ◽  
Spiritual Life ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
African Heritage ◽  
The World ◽  
Women Of African Descent

This chapter examines Christianity as a lived experience for women of African descent, both in the world and in the cloister. By the seventeenth century, thousands of free and enslaved men and women of African descent lived in monasteries and convents throughout Latin America, including the urban areas of Brazil, Peru, and Mexico. Many served as donados/donadas, legos/legas, or freilas (synonyms for religious servants). This chapter investigates the religious lives of free Afro-Peruvian women who served as donadas in the female convents of seventeenth-century Lima. In particular, it considers how donadas negotiated a hierarchically ordered environment to gain prominence as spiritual beings. It also discusses the matriarchal intimacies of convent life and the positionality of donadas relative to others within the convents as well as their ability to effectuate a spiritual life. It shows that a variety of issues motivated women of African heritage to become donadas, including the desire to ensure their freedom.

Flor do Abacate: Workers of African Descent, Dancing Associations and Nationality in Rio de Janeiro, 1898–1914

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
LEONARDO AFFONSO DE MIRANDA PEREIRA
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
African Descent ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Dance Clubs ◽  
Women Of African Descent ◽  
National Profile

AbstractFrom the last years of the nineteenth century until the first decades of the twentieth, the inhabitants of Rio de Janeiro witnessed a new social phenomenon: the proliferation, in every neighbourhood, of small dance clubs formed by workers. Noteworthy among them was the Flor do Abacate, a recreational society founded in 1906 by a group of men and women of African descent. Far from making any claim to ‘being African’, this association promoted balls and parades in which African cultural heritage was shown in conjunction with other cultural logics valued as modern and cosmopolitan. As a consequence, it constituted a model of recreational society, black and modern at the same time, which its members tried to associate to a national profile. The objective of this article is to analyse both the logic that explains the organisation of this dance society and the challenges that its members faced in consolidating it.

Cities and News

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lila Caimari
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
New World ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
South American ◽  
International News ◽  
Port Cities ◽  
Shape Representations ◽  
The World ◽  
Current Events ◽  
Late Nineteenth

This Element examines urban imaginaries during the expansion of international news between the late nineteenth and the early twentieth centuries, when everyday information about faraway places found its way into newspapers all over the world. Building on the premise that news carried an unprecedented power to shape representations of the world, it follows this development as it made its way to regular readers beyond the dominant information poles, in the great port-cities of the South American Atlantic. Based on five case studies of typical turn-of-the-century foreign news, Lila Caimari shows how current events opened windows onto distant cities, feeding a new world horizon that was at once wider and eminently urban.

scholarly journals FEMINISM AND HARASSMENT ARE MONSTERS OF THE NEW WORLD, SEEKING TO CONQUER PEOPLE THROUGH THE INTERNET...?!

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1(82)) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
O. Dvoryankin
Keyword(s):  
Women's Movement ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
New World ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The World

The article examines the women's movement called "feminism", which created a new direction" harassment " in order to achieve superiority over men in the gender confrontation that exists between men and women since their appearance on earth. It is assumed that united, they would be able to become "monsters of the new world", and at the same time the main tool helping them to conquer people and impose their vision of the world over them will be the Internet and particularly its information technologies.

Cuba

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt D. Childs ◽  
Manuel Barcia
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
New World ◽  
Foreign Capital ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Spanish Colonialism ◽  
Political Pressure ◽  
Domestic Servants ◽  
Transatlantic Slave Trade ◽  
Plantation Slavery

This article reviews scholarship on the history and historiography of slavery in Cuba. In the sixteenth-century, Africans crossed the Atlantic and accompanied Diego Velésquez and other Spanish conquistadors in the first expeditions sent to subjugate Cuba. Africans served in post-conquest Cuba as enslaved assistants to powerful military and political officials or as domestic servants. During the nineteenth-century heyday of plantation slavery, Cuban social and political life centred on the master-slave relation. Foreign capital and foreign political pressure — British abolitionism and United States annexationism, for example — began to shape Cuban slavery beyond the contours of Spanish colonialism alone. The transatlantic slave trade lasted longer to Cuba than to any other New World slave society with final abolition coming only in 1867.

Hair and Scalp Disorders in Women of African Descent

2013 ◽  
pp. 213-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ophelia E. Dadzie ◽  
Nonhlanhla P. Khumalo
Keyword(s):  
African Descent ◽  
Women Of African Descent

Black Victual Warriors and Hunger Creation

2019 ◽  
pp. 89-108
Author(s):  
Rachel B. Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Food System ◽  
Just War ◽  
African Descent ◽  
Revolutionary War ◽  
Political Authority ◽  
The Political ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Free Black

This chapter looks at how enslaved peoples and self-liberated men and women used food to shape the Revolutionary War in ways that failed to address their own hunger. In November of 1775, before the colonies declared independence, Virginia governor Lord Dunmore issued a proclamation that offered freedom to slaves of rebel masters, setting the stage for an exodus of thousands of self-liberated men and women from colonists' homes and plantations to British lines. Dunmore's Proclamation was also responsible for changing white colonists' and British officers' ideas about hunger prevention and just war. Dunmore's Proclamation affected white colonists and Britons less than it did free black folks, enslaved people, and former bondpeople. People of African descent played various roles in the conflict. Dunmore's offer turned some men into victual warriors capable of creating and preventing white hunger. Throughout the war, self-liberated men and women did not enjoy the luxury of worrying about their own appetites—and sometimes, hunger seemed immaterial. But their experiences created the knowledge that would later become necessary to institutionalize a food system that granted black colonists the political authority to fight hunger.

Framing the Video Vixen

2019 ◽  
pp. 166-184
Author(s):  
Felice Blake
Keyword(s):  
Sex Workers ◽  
Sexual Difference ◽  
African Descent ◽  
White Male ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Perceptions ◽  
Sexual Labor ◽  
Women Of African Descent

This chapter explores the transnational circulation of notions of black hypersexuality in Brazil and beyond. It focuses on three sites of analysis that explore how cross-cultural perceptions of sexual difference are produced and perpetuated in the tourism industry. First, it examines Oswaldo Sargentelli’s Oba-Oba mulata shows, which situated the mulata on stage as an eroticized spectacle for the consumption of white male foreigners. Second, it analyzes a YouTube video that depicts a young Arnold Schwarzenegger on stage dancing with a woman of African descent who is dancing samba. Seeing her scantily clad, he takes the opportunity to grab her behind. Finally, the presentation reflects on the Marcha das Vadias (Slut Walk) that occurred in Salvador for the three years (2011-2013). In these three sites of analysis, women of African descent, like “sluts” and sex workers, are seen as having no bodily rights worth protecting. This presentation draws upon often overlooked scholarship on black Brazilian feminisms to address how black Brazilian women “recuperate and re-imagine their own sexualities” within a transnational tourism industry that depends upon their bodies and their emotional and sexual labor.

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