Progress That Is Real

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-61
Author(s):  
Samuel Cohn
Keyword(s):  
Violent Crime ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Crime Rates ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The Road ◽  
High Crime ◽  
Police Forces

This chapter reflects on the reduction of violent crime. It looks at historical data on homicides to show how rates of violent crime have dropped dramatically over the course of the last eight hundred years. Why were crime rates so high? Crime rates were high because brigands ruled the road and pirates ruled the sea, and because of violent disputes. What improved? Both the food supply and the economy improved; governments developed courts of law, police forces, prisons, and schools; fertility decreased; and travel increased. Removing poverty removes a lot of the motivation to engage in crime. But it is important to notice the central role of government in producing a lot of the reforms that controlled crime. Ultimately, protecting personal security and controlling crime are fundamental components of social well-being and progress.

20. Bentham

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Political Thought ◽  
Psychological Theory ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Representative Democracy ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Personal Security ◽  
Short Biography ◽  
Psychological Hedonism

This chapter examines Jeremy Bentham's political thought. Bentham is both an advocate of laissez-faire and an interventionist, a liberal rationalist and an equivocally liberal thinker prepared to sacrifice the rights of individuals to the well-being of the multitude. His ideas remain contested from all quarters, yet the outline of his actual political thought remains obscure. This chapter defends an interpretation of Bentham as an important liberal thinker with a commitment to the role of government in defending personal security and well-being, but also with a strong scepticism about government as a vehicle for harm as well as good. It first provides a short biography of Bentham before discussing his psychological theory as well as his account of value and duty. It also explores Bentham's views on psychological hedonism, obligations and rules, sovereignty and law, and representative democracy. It concludes with an assessment of Bentham's complex relationship with liberalism.

scholarly journals Peran Pemerintah, Modal Sosial, dan Kinerja Usaha Terhadap Kesejahteraan Subjektif Pelaku Industri Tenun di Kabupaten Jembrana, Bali

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
G.K. Gandhiadi ◽  
Komang Dharmawan ◽  
I Putu Eka Nila Kencana
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Subjective Wellbeing ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Direct Influence ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government

Weaving industry is one of the creative industries based on local wisdom of Bali, need to be developed with the concept of modern entrepreneurship (orange economy). Regional economic development strategies need to take into account the dynamics of local community life or social capital in addition to the role of government and other physical capital, in order to improve the performance of weaving industry in Jembrana regency, Bali. Based on empirical theory and facts, this study aims to analyze how the direct and indirect influence of the role of government, social capital and business performance on and subjective wellbeing on the business actors of weaving industry in Jembrana, Bali. Through the modeling of the resulting structural equations is studied: (1) the direct influence of the government's role on business performance and subjective well-being; (2) the direct influence of social capital on business performance and subjective wellbeing; (3) the direct impact of business performance on subjective well-being; (4) the indirect and total influence of the government's role on subordinate welfare mediated by business performance; and (5) the indirect and total social capital influences on subjective well-being mediated by business performance. Based on surveys and structured interviews on 70 business actors of weaving industry in Jembrana District, Bali through data analysis techniques using SEM-PLS with the help of Smart PLS 3.0 software, in the business actors weaving industry found that: (1) directly the role of government have positive and significant (2) direct social capital has a positive and significant effect on business performance, but not significant to subjective wellbeing, (3) directly the business performance have a positive and significant effect on subjective wellbeing, (4) the role of the government indirectly has a positive but insignificant effect on subjective wellbeing, but through full mediation of business performance, the role of the government has a positive and significant effect on subjective wellbeing, and (5) social capital indirectly has a positive and significant effect on the subjective achievement, so totally through the full mediation of business performance, social capital has a positive and significant impact on subjective wellbeing although it directly does not have a significant effect.

scholarly journals COVID-19 – Role of Government Intervention

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandip Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Historical Data ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Exponential Model ◽  
Multivariate Regression Model ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
History Of ◽  
America South ◽  
Effective Instrument

The ravage of COVID-19 has remained unprecedented in the history of human civilization. The pandemic has bewildered the governments across the nations amidst the twin edge blade of economic stringency or unabated growth of the disease. The study has attempted to find the efficacy of GovernmentIntervention (GI) incombating the forces of the pandemic. Ithas pooled historical data of victims of 13 most affected countries after smoothening the data with ARIMA(p,q,r) technique to formulate an exponential model for its spread. The model considers six explanatory variables including GI to understand the dynamics of the disease. The historical data of the countries pooled across continents to have six groups. While variance inflation factorused for detecting multicollinearity, multivariate regression model adopted to determine the association between the explanatory variables and COVID-19 growth. The study pivoted on finding the role of GI, looking at its association with COVID-19 spread. Comparability analysis of the coefficient of GI conducted across the models to find the intensity across the continents. The study finds GI an effective instrument in the continents of America (North), America (South) and Asia, conducive for buying time for herd immunity and invention of vaccine and/or medicine.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF THE PERFORMING ARTS IN IMPROVING AND MAINTAINING OUR WELL-BEING DURING & POST-COVID PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Irina Roncaglia
Keyword(s):  
Performing Arts ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
The Road ◽  
Social Prescribing ◽  
Arts Programs ◽  
Alternative Solutions ◽  
Health And Well Being

This editorial presents some key domains with explorations of the benefits of the Performing Arts and how these can be practically applied globally across our current COVID pandemic landscape and beyond. More than ever before there is a need to acknowledge that, despite complex logistics and ethical and economic issues in delivering effective performing arts programs for health and well-being, its evidence-based benefits cover a range of disciplines, from psychology to anthropology, sociology to medicine making the approaches transdisciplinary, and enriching end-users lives throughout, but not exclusively, in their coproduction. Performing arts programs may also offer the way for alternative solutions and pathways where conventional approaches may have reached the end of the road and helping to embed biopsychosocial models of wellbeing promotion through social prescribing. The COVID pandemic has offered the opportunity to revisit how we look at prevention, promotion, management, and treatment of ill-health in unprecedented adversity. This editorial hopes to start this important conversation.

The Social Character of Contentment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Kenneth Galbraith
Keyword(s):  
Ronald Reagan ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Dimensions ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Small Minority ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government

This chapter discusses the social dimensions of contentment. In the past, many people in the United States experienced a certain sense of unease, of troubled conscience and associated discomfort when contemplating those who did not share the good fortune of the fortunate. During the time of Ronald Reagan, Americans were being rewarded as they so richly deserved. The chapter first considers the role of the government in subsidizing the well-being of Americans before exploring how the economically and socially fortunate who used to be a small minority have become a majority, not of all citizens but of those who actually vote. It suggests that self-regard is the dominant—indeed the controlling— mood of the Contented Majority. It also examines the most important characteristics of the contented majority, including its attitude toward time, a highly selective view of the role of government, and tolerance of pronounced differences in incomes.

CRIME AND FISCAL POLICY IN EUROPE: THE EFFECT OF SHADOW ECONOMY

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (03) ◽  
pp. 2050017
Author(s):  
ELEFTHERIOS GOULAS ◽  
SOCRATES KARIDIS
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Violent Crime ◽  
Shadow Economy ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Crime Rates ◽  
Fiscal Policies ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Mitigating Factor ◽  
Positive Effect

We empirically investigate the role of fiscal policies on criminal activity using a sample of 25 EU countries over the period 2000–2013. Our analysis indicates that tight fiscal policies appear to have a positive effect on crime. This effect becomes stronger when property (non-violent) crime rates are considered. Further, the presence of high levels of shadow economy in a country provides a very strong mitigating factor on the adverse effect of public policies on crime. The initially strong link between tight fiscal policy and non-violent crime weakens significantly in the presence of undocumented economic activities which compensate for the lack of formal economic opportunities.

The Role of Police Officer Race/Ethnicity on Crime Rates in Immigrant Communities

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joselyne L. Chenane ◽  
Emily M. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Police Officer ◽  
Violent Crime ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Crime Rates ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Ethnic Representation ◽  
Immigrant Concentration ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
The Relationship

Few studies have examined the role of city police officer racial/ethnic representation on violent crime in immigrant neighborhoods. Yet police officer race/ethnicity might play a significant role in bolstering or weakening the relationship between immigration and violent crime rates. Researchers have posited that increasing the representation of minority officer would be an important avenue for making police departments more accountable to the communities they serve. The current study contributes to existing research by using national (i.e., 89 cities and 8,980 neighborhoods) data on violent crime from large U.S. cities. We examine the relationship between immigration, violent crime rates, and minority police officer representation using multilevel modeling techniques. Results indicate that neighborhood immigrant concentration is associated with lower robbery and homicide rates. Moreover, the negative relationship between immigrant concentration and violent crime rates is strengthened by city African American and Hispanic officer representation. Policy implications for law enforcement are discussed.

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