scholarly journals Age-related abnormalities of thalamic shape and dynamic functional connectivity after three hours of sleep restriction

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10751
Author(s):  
Zhiliang Long ◽  
Jia Zhao ◽  
Danni Chen ◽  
Xu Lei
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Shape Analysis ◽  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Dynamic Functional Connectivity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Superior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Left Thalamus

Background Previous neuroimaging studies have detected abnormal activation and intrinsic functional connectivity of the thalamus after total sleep deprivation. However, very few studies have investigated age-related changes in the dynamic functional connectivity of the thalamus and the abnormalities in the thalamic shape following partial sleep deprivation. Methods Fifty-five participants consisting of 23 old adults (mean age: 68.8 years) and 32 young adults (mean age: 23.5 years) were included in current study. A vertex-based shape analysis and a dynamic functional connectivity analysis were used to evaluate the age-dependent structural and functional abnormalities after three hours of sleep restriction. Results Shape analysis revealed the significant main effect of deprivation with local atrophy in the left thalamus. In addition, we observed a significant age deprivation interaction effect with reduced variability of functional connectivity between the left thalamus and the left superior parietal cortex following sleep restriction. This reduction was found only in young adults. Moreover, a significantly negative linear correlation was observed between the insomnia severity index and the changes of variability (post-deprivation minus pre-deprivation) in the functional connectivity of the left thalamus with the left superior parietal cortex. Conclusions The results indicated that three hours of sleep restriction could affect both the thalamic structure and its functional dynamics. They also highlighted the role of age in studies of sleep deprivation.

scholarly journals Manifold Learning of Dynamic Functional Connectivity Reliably Identifies Functionally Consistent Coupling Patterns in Human Brains

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 309
Author(s):  
Yuyuan Yang ◽  
Lubin Wang ◽  
Yu Lei ◽  
Yuyang Zhu ◽  
Hui Shen
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Manifold Learning ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Functional Coupling ◽  
Dimensional Manifold ◽  
Dynamic Functional Connectivity ◽  
Local Linear Embedding ◽  
Human Connectome Project ◽  
Low Dimensional

Most previous work on dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) has focused on analyzing temporal traits of functional connectivity (similar coupling patterns at different timepoints), dividing them into functional connectivity states and detecting their between-group differences. However, the coherent functional connectivity of brain activity among the temporal dynamics of functional connectivity remains unknown. In the study, we applied manifold learning of local linear embedding to explore the consistent coupling patterns (CCPs) that reflect functionally homogeneous regions underlying dFC throughout the entire scanning period. By embedding the whole-brain functional connectivity in a low-dimensional manifold space based on the Human Connectome Project (HCP) resting-state data, we identified ten stable patterns of functional coupling across regions that underpin the temporal evolution of dFC. Moreover, some of these CCPs exhibited significant neurophysiological meaning. Furthermore, we apply this method to HCP rsfMR and tfMRI data as well as sleep-deprivation data and found that the topological organization of these low-dimensional structures has high potential for predicting sleep-deprivation states (classification accuracy of 92.3%) and task types (100% identification for all seven tasks).In summary, this work provides a methodology for distilling coherent low-dimensional functional connectivity structures in complex brain dynamics that play an important role in performing tasks or characterizing specific states of the brain.

scholarly journals Reduced Facilitation of Parietal-Motor Functional Connections in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elana R. Goldenkoff ◽  
Rachel N. Logue ◽  
Susan H. Brown ◽  
Michael Vesia
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Neural Control ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Primary Motor Cortex ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Motor Planning ◽  
Functional Connections ◽  
Age Related

Age-related changes in cortico-cortical connectivity in the human motor network in older adults are associated with declines in hand dexterity. Posterior parietal cortex (PPC) is strongly interconnected with motor areas and plays a critical role in many aspects of motor planning. Functional connectivity measures derived from dual-site transcranial magnetic stimulation (dsTMS) studies have found facilitatory inputs from PPC to ipsilateral primary motor cortex (M1) in younger adults. In this study, we investigated whether facilitatory inputs from PPC to M1 are altered by age. We used dsTMS in a conditioning-test paradigm to characterize patterns of functional connectivity between the left PPC and ipsilateral M1 and a standard pegboard test to assess skilled hand motor function in 13 young and 13 older adults. We found a PPC-M1 facilitation in young adults but not older adults. Older adults also showed a decline in motor performance compared to young adults. We conclude that the reduced PPC-M1 facilitation in older adults may be an early marker of age-related decline in the neural control of movement.

scholarly journals Developmental Changes in Dynamic Functional Connectivity From Childhood Into Adolescence

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mónica López-Vicente ◽  
Oktay Agcaoglu ◽  
Laura Pérez-Crespo ◽  
Fernando Estévez-López ◽  
José María Heredia-Genestar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Dynamic Functional Connectivity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Dynamic States

The longitudinal study of typical neurodevelopment is key for understanding deviations due to specific factors, such as psychopathology. However, research utilizing repeated measurements remains scarce. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have traditionally examined connectivity as ‘static’ during the measurement period. In contrast, dynamic approaches offer a more comprehensive representation of functional connectivity by allowing for different connectivity configurations (time varying connectivity) throughout the scanning session. Our objective was to characterize the longitudinal developmental changes in dynamic functional connectivity in a population-based pediatric sample. Resting-state MRI data were acquired at the ages of 10 (range 8-to-12, n = 3,327) and 14 (range 13-to-15, n = 2,404) years old using a single, study-dedicated 3 Tesla scanner. A fully-automated spatially constrained group-independent component analysis (ICA) was applied to decompose multi-subject resting-state data into functionally homogeneous regions. Dynamic functional network connectivity (FNC) between all ICA time courses were computed using a tapered sliding window approach. We used a k-means algorithm to cluster the resulting dynamic FNC windows from each scan session into five dynamic states. We examined age and sex associations using linear mixed-effects models. First, independent from the dynamic states, we found a general increase in the temporal variability of the connections between intrinsic connectivity networks with increasing age. Second, when examining the clusters of dynamic FNC windows, we observed that the time spent in less modularized states, with low intra- and inter-network connectivity, decreased with age. Third, the number of transitions between states also decreased with age. Finally, compared to boys, girls showed a more mature pattern of dynamic brain connectivity, indicated by more time spent in a highly modularized state, less time spent in specific states that are frequently observed at a younger age, and a lower number of transitions between states. This longitudinal population-based study demonstrates age-related maturation in dynamic intrinsic neural activity from childhood into adolescence and offers a meaningful baseline for comparison with deviations from typical development. Given that several behavioral and cognitive processes also show marked changes through childhood and adolescence, dynamic functional connectivity should also be explored as a potential neurobiological determinant of such changes.

Impact of 36 h of total sleep deprivation on resting-state dynamic functional connectivity

2018 ◽  
Vol 1688 ◽  
pp. 22-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huaze Xu ◽  
Hui Shen ◽  
Lubin Wang ◽  
Qi Zhong ◽  
Yu Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Dynamic Functional Connectivity ◽  
Total Sleep Deprivation ◽  
State Dynamic

Dissociation of Object and Spatial Vision in Human Extrastriate Cortex: Age-Related Changes in Activation of Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Measured with [15 O]Water and Positron Emission Tomography

1992 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl L. Grady ◽  
James V. Haxby ◽  
Barry Horwitz ◽  
Mark B. Schapiro ◽  
Stanley I. Rapoport ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Spatial Vision ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Regional Cerebral Blood ◽  
Face Matching ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Superior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Occipitotemporal Cortex ◽  
Young Subjects

We previously reported selective activation of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in occipitotemporal cortex during a face matching task (object vision) and activation in superior parietal cortex during a dot-location matching task (spatial vision) in young subjects, The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of aging on these extrastriate visual processing systems. Eleven young (mean age 27 ± 4 years) and nine old (mean age 72 ± 7 years) male subjects were studied. Positron emission tomographic scans were performed using a Scanditronix PC1024–7B tomograph and H215O to measure rCBF. To locate brain areas that were activated by the visual tasks, pixel-by-pixel difference images were computed between images from a control task and images from the face and dot-location matching tasks. Both young and old subjects showed rCBF activation during face matching primarily in occipitotemporal cortex, and activation of superior parietal cortex during dot-location matching. Statistical comparisons of these activations showed that the old subjects had more activation of occipitotemporal cortex during the spatial task and more activation of superior parietal cortex during the object task than did the young subjects. These results show less functional separation of the dorsal and ventral visual pathways in older subjects, and may reflect an age-related reduction in the processing efficiency of these visual cortical areas.

scholarly journals Modular slowing of resting-state dynamic functional connectivity as a marker of cognitive dysfunction induced by sleep deprivation

NeuroImage ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 117155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Lombardo ◽  
Catherine Cassé-Perrot ◽  
Jean-Philippe Ranjeva ◽  
Arnaud Le Troter ◽  
Maxime Guye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Dynamic Functional Connectivity ◽  
State Dynamic

scholarly journals Impact of acute sleep deprivation on dynamic functional connectivity states

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 994-1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changhong Li ◽  
Judith Fronczek‐Poncelet ◽  
Denise Lange ◽  
Eva Hennecke ◽  
Tina Kroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Dynamic Functional Connectivity ◽  
Acute Sleep Deprivation

scholarly journals Age and time-of-day differences in the hypothalamo–pituitary–testicular, and adrenal, response to total overnight sleep deprivation

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Y Liu ◽  
Paul Y Takahashi ◽  
Rebecca J Yang ◽  
Ali Iranmanesh ◽  
Johannes D Veldhuis
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Pulse Frequency ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Regulatory Control ◽  
Sleep Restriction ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Deconvolution Analysis ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Adrenal Response

Abstract Study Objectives In young men, sleep restriction decreases testosterone (Te) and increases afternoon cortisol (F), leading to anabolic–catabolic imbalance, insulin resistance, and other andrological health consequences. Age-related differences in the hypothalamo–pituitary–testicular/adrenal response to sleep restriction could expose older individuals to greater or lesser risk. We aimed to evaluate and compare the 24-h and time-of-day effect of sleep restriction on F, luteinizing hormone (LH), and Te in young and older men. Methods Thirty-five healthy men, aged 18–30 (n = 17) and 60–80 (n =18) years, underwent overnight sleep deprivation (complete nighttime wakefulness) or nighttime sleep (10 pm to 6 am) with concurrent 10-min blood sampling in a prospectively randomized crossover study. F, LH, and Te secretion were calculated by deconvolution analysis. Results Sleep deprivation had multiple effects on 24-h Te secretion with significant reductions in mean concentrations, basal, total and pulsatile secretion, and pulse frequency (each p < 0.05), in the absence of detectable changes in LH. These effects were most apparent in older men and differed according to age for some parameters: pulsatile Te secretion (p = 0.03) and Te pulse frequency (p = 0.02). Time-of-day analyses revealed that sleep restriction significantly reduced Te in the morning and afternoon, reduced LH in the morning in both age groups, and increased F in the afternoon in older men. Conclusions These data suggest a time-of-day dependent uncoupling of the regulatory control of the testicular axis and of F secretion. Future studies will need to directly verify these regulatory possibilities specifically and separately in young and older men. Clinical Trial Not applicable.

scholarly journals Dynamic Functional Connectivity between Order and Randomness and its Evolution across the Human Adult Lifespan

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demian Battaglia ◽  
Thomas Boudou ◽  
Enrique C. A. Hansen ◽  
Diego Lombardo ◽  
Sabrina Chettouf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Walk ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
List Type ◽  
Dynamic Functional Connectivity ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Task Conditions

AbstractFunctional Connectivity (FC) during resting-state or task conditions is not fixed but inherently dynamic. Yet, there is no consensus on whether fluctuations in FC may resemble isolated transitions between discrete FC states rather than continuous changes. This quarrel hampers advancing the study of dynamic FC. This is unfortunate as the structure of fluctuations in FC can certainly provide more information about developmental changes, aging, and progression of pathologies. We merge the two perspectives and consider dynamic FC as an ongoing network reconfiguration, including a stochastic exploration of the space of possible steady FC states. The statistical properties of this random walk deviate both from a purely “order-driven” dynamics, in which the mean FC is preserved, and from a purely “randomness-driven” scenario, in which fluctuations of FC remain uncorrelated over time. Instead, dynamic FC has a complex structure endowed with long-range sequential correlations that give rise to transient slowing and acceleration epochs in the continuous flow of reconfiguration. Our analysis for fMRI data in healthy elderly revealed that dynamic FC tends to slow down and becomes less complex as well as more random with increasing age. These effects appear to be strongly associated with age-related changes in behavioural and cognitive performance.HighlightsDynamic Functional Connectivity (dFC) at rest and during cognitive task performs a “complex” (anomalous) random walk.Speed of dFC slows down with aging.Resting dFC replaces complexity by randomness with aging.Task performance correlates with the speed and complexity of dFC.

scholarly journals Modular slowing of resting-state dynamic Functional Connectivity as a marker of cognitive dysfunction induced by sleep deprivation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Lombardo ◽  
Catherine Cassé-Perrot ◽  
Jean-Philippe Ranjeva ◽  
Arnaud Le Troter ◽  
Maxime Guye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Random Walk ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Resting State ◽  
List Type ◽  
Dynamic Functional Connectivity ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Brain Level

AbstractDynamic Functional Connectivity (dFC) in the resting state (rs) is considered as a correlate of cognitive processing. Describing dFC as a flow across morphing connectivity configurations, our notion of dFC speed quantifies the rate at which FC networks evolve in time. Here we probe the hypothesis that variations of rs dFC speed and cognitive performance are selectively interrelated within specific functional subnetworks.In particular, we focus on Sleep Deprivation (SD) as a reversible model of cognitive dysfunction. We found that whole-brain level (global) dFC speed significantly slows down after 24h of SD. However, the reduction in global dFC speed does not correlate with variations of cognitive performance in individual tasks, which are subtle and highly heterogeneous. On the contrary, we found strong correlations between performance variations in individual tasks –including Rapid Visual Processing (RVP, assessing sustained visual attention)– and dFC speed quantified at the level of functional subnetworks of interest. Providing a compromise between classic static FC (no time) and global dFC (no space), modular dFC speed analyses allow quantifying a different speed of dFC reconfiguration independently for sub-networks overseeing different tasks. Importantly, we found that RVP performance robustly correlates with the modular dFC speed of a characteristic frontoparietal module.HighlightsSleep Deprivation (SD) slows down the random walk in FC space implemented by Dynamic Functional Connectivity (dFC) at rest.Whole-brain level slowing of dFC speed does not selectively correlate with fine and taskspecific changes in performanceWe quantify dFC speed separately for different link-based modules coordinated by distinct regional “meta-hubs”Modular dFC speed variations capture subtle and task-specific variations of cognitive performance induced by SD.Author summaryWe interpreted dynamic Functional Connectivity (dFC) as a random walk in the space of possible FC networks performed with a quantifiable “speed”.Here, we analyze a fMRI dataset in which subjects are scanned and cognitively tested both before and after Sleep Deprivation (SD), used as a reversible model of cognitive dysfunction. While global dFC speed slows down after a sleepless night, it is not a sufficiently sensitive metric to correlate with fine and specific cognitive performance changes. To boost the capacity of dFC speed analyses to account for fine and specific cognitive decline, we introduce the notion of modular dFC speed. Capitalizing on an edge-centric measure of functional connectivity, which we call Meta-Connectivity, we isolate subgraphs of FC describing relatively independent random walks (dFC modules) and controlled by distinct “puppet masters” (meta-hubs). We then find that variations of the random walk speed of distinct dFC modules now selectively correlate with SD-induced variations of performance in the different tasks. This is in agreement with the fact that different subsystems – distributed but functionally distinct– oversee different tasks.The high sensitivity of modular dFC analyses bear promise of future applications to the early detection and longitudinal characterization of pathologies such as Alzheimer’s disease.

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