scholarly journals Phenotypic, molecular and pathogenic characterization of Colletotrichum scovillei infecting Capsicum species in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e10782
Author(s):  
Renata Mussoi Giacomin ◽  
Claudete de Fátima Ruas ◽  
Viviane Yumi Baba ◽  
Sara Mataroli De Godoy ◽  
Claudia Pombo Sudré ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
The State ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Capsicum Baccatum ◽  
Resistance Sources ◽  
Colletotrichum Scovillei ◽  
And Control

Anthracnose is a disease caused by Colletotrichum spp., one of the world’s most damaging sweet and chili pepper pathogens, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. In the state of Rio de Janeiro, anthracnose is one of the main obstacles for pepper crops. However, to date no research has focused on the identification and characterization of the pathogen, which is fundamental to understand the scope of the disease in the state. Thus, the correct identification of the fungal species and pathogenicity studies can provide important support for disease management and control, apart from identifying possible resistance sources for exploitation in peppers breeding programs. In this study, 11 Colletotrichum isolates were collected from peppers with typical symptoms in the Rio de Janeiro state. These isolates were characterized based on morpho-cultural characteristics and sequencing data from five regions (ITS, ACT, CAL, β-TUB and GAPDH), and the genetic variability was estimated by AFLP markers. Simultaneously, microscopy images of the colonization by the fungal species on unripe Capsicum annuum fruits were taken. Pathogenicity was tested and resistance sources were sought by means of infection of ripe and unripe fruits of 50 Capsicum baccatum accessions. The resulting data showed that all isolates belong to Colletotrichum scovillei specie. About the pathogenicity of Capsicum baccatum, differentiated, stage-specific responses, with higher resistance of ripe fruits were recorded. In addition, four possible sources of Colletotrichum scovillei resistance were detected among the tested accessions. The combination of these data can contribute to future studies on the interaction of Colletotrichum scovillei-Capsicum spp., a research line that is still unexploited in the main areas of this anthracnose fungus.

Characterization of Natural Slip Materials Geologically Found in the North of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 798-799 ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Zélia Maria Peixoto Chrispim ◽  
Maria da Gloria Alves ◽  
Luciana Lezira Pereira de Almeida ◽  
Jonas Alexandre ◽  
Afonso Rangel Garcez de Azevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Ceramic Industry ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Geological Materials ◽  
The North

Slip is a semifluid clayey type of material used in the ceramic industry for coating earthware products, such as bricks and tiles, thus providing distinct surface colors or patterns. In the present work a characterization was conducted to identify the mineralogical as well the chemical and physical properties of geological materials existing in the slip used by industries in the north region of the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The basic natural materials composing a slip, namely clay and kaolin, are responsible for changes not only the slip plasticity but also in its viscosity and adhesion to the surface of the ceramic piece. The slip characterization was performed in terms of particle size analysis, Atterberg limits and actual grain density. The chemical composition was obtained by X-ray fluorescence and the thermal properties by differential thermal analysis. The results indicated that marked differences exist between slip from distinct origins. A few slip samples failed to present the required properties.

Molecular characterization of Theileria equi in horses from the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maristela Peckle ◽  
Marcus Sandes Pires ◽  
Claudia Bezerra da Silva ◽  
Renata Lins da Costa ◽  
Gabriela Lopes Vivas Vitari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
The State ◽  
Theileria Equi

scholarly journals Genetic characterization of dengue virus type 3 isolates in the State of Rio de Janeiro, 2001

2002 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 869-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.P. Miagostovich ◽  
F.B. dos Santos ◽  
T.S. de Simone ◽  
E.V. Costa ◽  
A.M.B. Filippis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
The State ◽  
Dengue Virus Type 3 ◽  
Type 3

scholarly journals Spatial Analysis of the Sociodemographic Characteristics, Comorbidities, Hospitalization, Signs, and Symptoms Among Hospitalized Coronavirus Disease 2019 Cases in the State of Rio De Janeiro, Brazil

2021 ◽  
pp. 002073142110449
Author(s):  
André T. J. Alves ◽  
Letícia M. Raposo ◽  
Flávio F. Nobre
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Spatial Association ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
The State ◽  
Sociodemographic Characteristics ◽  
Infected People ◽  
Geographic Patterns ◽  
And Control ◽  
Spatially Oriented

After more than 1 year from the beginning of the pandemic, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has reached all continents. The number of infected people is still increasing, and Brazil is among the countries with the highest number of registered cases in the world. In this study, we investigated the profile of hospitalized COVID-19 cases and the eventual clusters of similar areas, using geographic information systems. The study was conducted using secondary data. Variables such as sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, hospitalization, signs, and symptoms among confirmed cases were considered for each microregion/city of the state of Rio de Janeiro. These proportions were used when calculating the Global Moran's I. The local indicator of spatial association was used to identify local clusters. A significant global spatial auto correlation was found in 28% of the variables. The presence of spatial autocorrelation indicates that the proportions of patients with COVID-19 according to these characteristics are spatially oriented. Moran maps reveal 2 clusters, 1 of high proportions and 1 of low proportions. Understanding the geographic patterns of COVID-19 may assist public health investigators, contributing to actions to prevent and control the pandemic in the state.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Mycobiota and Aspergillus Species from Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker Based on High-Throughput Sequencing of ITS1 and CaM

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ling Bai ◽  
Liu He ◽  
Penghao Yu ◽  
Jiaoyang Luo ◽  
Meihua Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Toxigenic Fungi ◽  
Fungal Identification ◽  
Plating Method ◽  
Animal Medicine

Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker is a valuable traditional Chinese animal medicine first recorded in Shennong Bencao. Previous research has shown that E. sinensis is easily contaminated by aflatoxins (AFs), which are highly toxic mycotoxins, during harvest, storage, and transport, thereby posing a considerable threat to consumer health. Most often, these AFs are produced by Aspergillus species. In this study, we contrast the traditional culture-based dilution plating method to the high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technology for fungal identification in TCM E. sinensis. Both of the methods used internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) and calmodulin (CaM) sequencing for fungal molecular identification. The new CaM primer we designed in the study is suitable for MiSeq PE300 sequencing used for identification of Aspergillus species in community DNA samples. More fungal species were found in the E. sinensis samples based on HTS than those found using the culture-based dilution plating method. Overall, combining the sequencing power of ITS1 and CaM is an effective method for the detection and monitoring of potential toxigenic Aspergillus species in E. sinensis. In conclusion, HTS can be used to obtain a large amount of sequencing data about fungi contaminating animal medicine, allowing earlier detection of potential toxigenic fungi and ensuring the efficient production and safety of E. sinensis.

scholarly journals Detection of Rotavirus Types G8 and G10 among Brazilian Children with Diarrhea

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 2727-2729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norma Santos ◽  
Rita C. C. Lima ◽  
Cláudio F. A. Pereira ◽  
Vera Gouvea
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
The State ◽  
Positive Stool ◽  
Stool Specimens ◽  
Brazilian Children

Characterization of 49 rotavirus-positive stool specimens from children with diarrhea in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1996 and 1997 revealed a great diversity of rotavirus G types. Conventional types G1 and G3 accounted for 27 and 12% of the infections, respectively, whereas 60% of the infections were caused by unconventional types G5 (25%), G10 (16%), and G8 (4%) and mixed G types (16%).

scholarly journals Genomic characterization of a novel SARS-CoV-2 lineage from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina M Voloch ◽  
Ronaldo da Silva F ◽  
Luiz G P de Almeida ◽  
Cynthia C Cardoso ◽  
Otavio J. Brustolini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Health Management ◽  
The State ◽  
Single Nucleotide Variants ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Viral Genomes ◽  
Genomic Characterization ◽  
Second Wave

AbstractIn this study, we report the sequencing of 180 new viral genomes obtained from different municipalities of the state of Rio de Janeiro from April to December 2020. We identified a novel lineage of SARS-CoV-2, originated from B.1.1.28, distinguished by five single-nucleotide variants (SNVs): C100U, C28253U, G28628U, G28975U, and C29754U. The SNV G23012A (E484K), in the receptor-binding domain of Spike protein, was widely spread across the samples. This mutation was previously associated with escape from neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. This novel lineage emerged in late July being first detected by us in late October and still mainly restricted to the capital of the state. However, as observed for other strains it can be rapidly spread in the state. The significant increase in the frequency of this lineage raises concerns about public health management and continuous need for genomic surveillance during the second wave of infections.Article Summary LineWe identified a novel circulating lineage of SARS-CoV-2 in the state of Rio de Janeiro Brazil originated from B.1.1.28 lineage.

scholarly journals Characterization of sewage sludge generated in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and perspectives for agricultural recycling

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Henrique Marques de Abreu ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Dos Santos Leles ◽  
Jorge Makhlouta Alonso ◽  
Elton Luis Da Silva Abel ◽  
Ricardo Rodrigues de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
The State ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Potential Demand ◽  
Janeiro State

Sanitary sewage collection and treatment is a serious environmental problem in Brazilian cities, as well as the destination of solid waste resulting from this process, i.e. the sewage sludge, a substance rich in organic matter and nutrients, which is normally discarded in landfills. The aim of this study was to characterize the sewage sludge generated in four treatment stations in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil and check if they meet the legal criteria of the National Environment Council (CONAMA), Resolution No. 375/2006. It also focused on analyzing the perspectives for its agricultural recycling based on the potential demand for main agricultural crops grown in Rio de Janeiro State. Samples from eight sewage sludge lots from four treatment stations located in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro were analyzed. These stations receive and treat only domestic sewage by activated sludge system. For chemical and biological characterization of these lots, representative samples were collected and analyzed according to parameters of CONAMA Resolution No. 375/2006. In order to analyze the perspectives of agricultural recycling of sewage sludge in Rio de Janeiro State, 10 crops with the largest cultivated area in the state were surveyed and analyzed which of them are apt to receive sewage sludge as fertilizer and/or soil amendment. To determine the potential demand for sewage sludge in agriculture, the area occupied by these crops were multiplied by each fertilizer recommendation considering the sewage sludge as fertilizer. The analyzed sludge presented a high content of nutrients and organic matter and was included in the parameters of heavy metals, pathogenic agents, and bacteriological indicators stipulated by CONAMA Resolution No. 375/2006. The agricultural panorama of Rio de Janeiro State is favorable for agricultural recycling of sewage sludge since there is a great potential demand for this residue and, among the 10 agricultural crops with the largest cultivated area in the state, sludge can be used as fertilizer or soil amendment in eight of them. The implementation of a State Sewage Sludge Recycling Program could dispose of this material in a more sustainable way, as well as improve the quality of agricultural soils and reduce costs with chemical fertilizers, bringing positive results for sanitation companies and producers.

scholarly journals Mutants in the Candida glabrata Glycerol Channels Are Sensitized to Cell Wall Stress

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1512-1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara E. Beese-Sims ◽  
Shih-Jung Pan ◽  
Jongmin Lee ◽  
Elizabeth Hwang-Wong ◽  
Brendan P. Cormack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Wall Stress ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cell Wall Stress ◽  
Osmotic Homeostasis ◽  
Positive Regulators ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT Many fungal species use glycerol as a compatible solute with which to maintain osmotic homeostasis in response to changes in external osmolarity. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae , intracellular glycerol concentrations are regulated largely by the h igh o smolarity g lycerol (HOG) response pathway, both through induction of glycerol biosynthesis and control of its flux through the plasma membrane Fps1 glycerol channel. The channel activity of Fps1 is also controlled by a pair of positive regulators, Rgc1 and Rgc2. In this study, we demonstrate that Candida glabrata , a fungal pathogen that possesses two Fps1 orthologs and two Rgc1/-2 orthologs, accumulates glycerol in response to hyperosmotic stress. We present an initial characterization of mutants with deletions in the C. glabrata FPS1 (CAGL0C03267 [ www.candidagenome.org ]) and FPS2 (CAGL0E03894) genes and find that a double mutant accumulates glycerol, experiences constitutive cell wall stress, and is hypersensitive to treatment by caspofungin, an antifungal agent that targets the cell wall. This mutant is cleared more efficiently in mouse infections than is wild-type C. glabrata by caspofungin treatment. Finally, we demonstrate that one of the C. glabrata RGC orthologs complements an S. cerevisiae rgc1 rgc2 null mutant, supporting the conclusion that this regulatory assembly is conserved between these species.

scholarly journals Characterization of sewage sludge generated in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and perspectives for agricultural recycling

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2433
Author(s):  
Alan Henrique Marques de Abreu ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Dos Santos Leles ◽  
Jorge Makhlouta Alonso ◽  
Elton Luis Da Silva Abel ◽  
Ricardo Rodrigues de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
The State ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Potential Demand ◽  
Janeiro State

Sanitary sewage collection and treatment is a serious environmental problem in Brazilian cities, as well as the destination of solid waste resulting from this process, i.e. the sewage sludge, a substance rich in organic matter and nutrients, which is normally discarded in landfills. The aim of this study was to characterize the sewage sludge generated in four treatment stations in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil and check if they meet the legal criteria of the National Environment Council (CONAMA), Resolution No. 375/2006. It also focused on analyzing the perspectives for its agricultural recycling based on the potential demand for main agricultural crops grown in Rio de Janeiro State. Samples from eight sewage sludge lots from four treatment stations located in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro were analyzed. These stations receive and treat only domestic sewage by activated sludge system. For chemical and biological characterization of these lots, representative samples were collected and analyzed according to parameters of CONAMA Resolution No. 375/2006. In order to analyze the perspectives of agricultural recycling of sewage sludge in Rio de Janeiro State, 10 crops with the largest cultivated area in the state were surveyed and analyzed which of them are apt to receive sewage sludge as fertilizer and/or soil amendment. To determine the potential demand for sewage sludge in agriculture, the area occupied by these crops were multiplied by each fertilizer recommendation considering the sewage sludge as fertilizer. The analyzed sludge presented a high content of nutrients and organic matter and was included in the parameters of heavy metals, pathogenic agents, and bacteriological indicators stipulated by CONAMA Resolution No. 375/2006. The agricultural panorama of Rio de Janeiro State is favorable for agricultural recycling of sewage sludge since there is a great potential demand for this residue and, among the 10 agricultural crops with the largest cultivated area in the state, sludge can be used as fertilizer or soil amendment in eight of them. The implementation of a State Sewage Sludge Recycling Program could dispose of this material in a more sustainable way, as well as improve the quality of agricultural soils and reduce costs with chemical fertilizers, bringing positive results for sanitation companies and producers.

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