scholarly journals Intraspecific variability in the filter mesh size of suspension feeding organisms: the case of invasive Ponto-Caspian corophiids (Crustacea: Amphipoda)

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11245
Author(s):  
Péter Borza
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Niche Shift ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Random Component ◽  
Ontogenetic Niche Shift ◽  
Filter Mesh

Suspension feeders play pivotal roles in the nutrient cycling of almost all aquatic ecosystems. Since sufficiently large differences in the filter mesh size (FMS) can lead to different food web positions, the inter- and intraspecific variability of this trait might be of community-level importance. The aim of this study was to quantify the range of FMS variation within the three invasive Ponto-Caspian Chelicorophium species based on a large material representing various conditions (1,224 specimens from 40 samples across Central Europe), characterize the components of variation within populations, identify the main factors determining intraspecific differences, and reveal how intraspecific variation affects the FMS overlaps among species. The FMS of the most widespread invader, C. curvispinum, varied within the broadest range (between 2.34–8.28 μm, compared to 2.51–5.97 μm in C. robustum and 1.08–3.23 μm in C. sowinskyi); nevertheless, the contribution of intraspecific plasticity to the invasion success of the species is not evident based on the present study. The within-individual variability of FMS increased with the individual mean of the trait and decreased with body size; however, it showed little differences among samples. The among-individual variation within samples could be partitioned into components related to body size (ontogenetic niche shift/differences among cohorts) and sex (ecological sexual dimorphism) as well as a seemingly random component (individual specialization), varying widely in extent and relative contributions. The FMS of C. curvispinum was significantly larger in the presence of C. sowinskyi than in allopatry, likely reflecting character displacement; however, it did not show further increase when C. robustum was also present. Similar differences could not be observed in C. sowinskyi. The FMS ranges of C. curvispinum and C. robustum never overlapped with that of C. sowinskyi in co-occurrence despite the considerable intraspecific differences among sites, suggesting that their interaction can be seen as a clear case of niche differentiation by food particle size. On the contrary, the strong overlaps observed between C. curvispinum and C. robustum indicate that other factors might play the primary role in their coexistence. The studied species appear to be suitable model organisms for identifying the drivers and mechanisms of FMS variability.

scholarly journals Character Displacement Through an Evolutionary Change in Ontogenetic Niche Shifts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Anaya-Rojas ◽  
Ronald Bassar ◽  
Blake Matthews ◽  
Joshua Goldberg ◽  
David Reznick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Poecilia Reticulata ◽  
Character Displacement ◽  
Trophic Niche ◽  
Niche Shift ◽  
Ontogenetic Niche Shifts ◽  
Ontogenetic Niche Shift ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Niche Shifts ◽  
Ontogenetic Niche

In communities structured by body size, coexistence can occur through combinations of ontogenetic changes in competitive ability and dietary niche. Using stable isotopes, we examined ontogenetic niche shifts in Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata) and killifish (Rivulus hartii) in three types of natural communities (both species with predators, KGP; both without predators, KG; killifish only, KO) and four experimental KG communities, initiated with KGP guppies and KO killifish between 13 and 45 years ago. In all communities, killifish occupied higher trophic positions and changed their diet (δ^13 C) with body size. Only KGP guppies displayed an ontogenetic niche shift. The KG guppies displayed a significant difference in trophic niche from KGP guppies, a character displacement that can facilitate coexistence with killifish. In the experimental communities, the guppy trophic niche was intermediate between those in KGP and KG communities, indicating that evolution has driven the niche shift in KG guppies.

scholarly journals Character Displacement Through and Evolutionary Change in Ontogenetic niche shifts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Anaya-Rojas ◽  
Ronald Bassar ◽  
Blake Matthews ◽  
Joshua Goldberg ◽  
David Reznick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Poecilia Reticulata ◽  
Character Displacement ◽  
Trophic Niche ◽  
Niche Shift ◽  
Ontogenetic Niche Shifts ◽  
Ontogenetic Niche Shift ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Niche Shifts ◽  
Ontogenetic Niche

In communities structured by body size, coexistence can occur through combinations of ontogenetic changes in competitive ability and dietary niche. Using stable isotopes, we examined ontogenetic niche shifts in Trinidadian guppies (Poecilia reticulata) and killifish (Rivulus hartii) in three types of natural communities (both species with predators, KGP; both without predators, KG; killifish only, KO) and four experimental KG communities, initiated with KGP guppies and KO killifish between 13 and 45 years ago. In all communities, killifish occupied higher trophic positions and changed their diet (δ^13 C) with body size. Only KGP guppies displayed an ontogenetic niche shift. The KG guppies displayed a significant difference in trophic niche from KGP guppies, a character displacement that can facilitate coexistence with killifish. In the experimental communities, the guppy trophic niche was intermediate between those in KGP and KG communities, indicating that evolution has driven the niche shift in KG guppies.

scholarly journals The influence of juvenile dinosaurs on community structure and diversity

Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 371 (6532) ◽  
pp. 941-944
Author(s):  
Katlin Schroeder ◽  
S. Kathleen Lyons ◽  
Felisa A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Niche Shift ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Ontogenetic Niche Shift ◽  
Ontogenetic Niche

Despite dominating biodiversity in the Mesozoic, dinosaurs were not speciose. Oviparity constrained even gigantic dinosaurs to less than 15 kg at birth; growth through multiple morphologies led to the consumption of different resources at each stage. Such disparity between neonates and adults could have influenced the structure and diversity of dinosaur communities. Here, we quantified this effect for 43 communities across 136 million years and seven continents. We found that megatheropods (more than 1000 kg) such as tyrannosaurs had specific effects on dinosaur community structure. Although herbivores spanned the body size range, communities with megatheropods lacked carnivores weighing 100 to 1000 kg. We demonstrate that juvenile megatheropods likely filled the mesocarnivore niche, resulting in reduced overall taxonomic diversity. The consistency of this pattern suggests that ontogenetic niche shift was an important factor in generating dinosaur community structure and diversity.

scholarly journals Multidimensional niche differentiation might buffer invasion impacts: the case of oligohaline corophiids (Crustacea: Amphipoda) in the Baltic Sea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Péter Borza ◽  
Kęstutis Arbačiauskas ◽  
Michael L. Zettler
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Character Displacement ◽  
Niche Differentiation ◽  
Niche Shift ◽  
Recent Theory ◽  
Amphipod Species ◽  
Substrate Preferences ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Filter Mesh

AbstractMultidimensional niche differentiation might increase the stability of coexistence by reducing overall niche overlap which might have implications on the dynamics of biological invasions. The oligohaline Baltic Seais inhabited by three native and one invasive corophiid amphipod species. These filter feeding crustaceans differ in their substrate preferences and salinity optima which could potentially allow their robust coexistence. However, recent theory predicts that competing species must diverge across all non-substitutable resources (e.g., food and space). We have measured the filter mesh size in the four species (i.e., the distance between bristles on the filtering setae), revealing considerable differences among the three natives (Apocorophium lacustre, Corophium multisetosum and C. volutator), whereas the invasive Chelicorophium curvispinum showed strong overlap with A. lacustre. Theory suggests that the four species cannot coexist robustly due to their overlap in food particle size irrespective of differences in their salinity optima and substrate preferences which is in accordance with observations of local extinctions of A. lacustre. Nevertheless, the stability ensuing from the multidimensional niche differentiation might delay competitive exclusion; i.e., the spatial separation by salinity and substrate types might decrease the intensity of competition for food. Our data for co-occurring populations indicate that A. lacustre might be able to decrease its filter mesh size overlap with C. curvispinum by character displacement and its broader salinity tolerance also might help the native species to persist in the region. However, the niche shift of the species might increase its overlap with C. multisetosum.

scholarly journals A Parent-Offspring Trade-Off Limits the Evolution of an Ontogenetic Niche Shift

2017 ◽  
Vol 190 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna ten Brink ◽  
André M. de Roos
Keyword(s):  
Niche Shift ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Ontogenetic Niche Shift ◽  
Ontogenetic Niche

Optimistic Growth: Competition and an Ontogenetic Niche-Shift Select for Rapid Growth in Pumpkinseed Sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus)

Evolution ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey D. Arendt ◽  
David S. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Niche Shift ◽  
Lepomis Gibbosus ◽  
Pumpkinseed Sunfish ◽  
Ontogenetic Niche Shift ◽  
Ontogenetic Niche

Geographical variability of Lepyronia coleoptrata (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hemiptera: Cercopoidea) across Russia

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4543 (3) ◽  
pp. 401
Author(s):  
DMITRI YU. TISHECHKIN
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Geographical Variability ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Male Calling ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Russian Far East

Comparative analysis of body size, coloration, penis shape, and male calling signals of Lepyronia coleoptrata from different localities in European Russia, Northern Kazakhstan, Siberia, and the Russian Far East showed that all populations studied belong to the same species. A clear boundary between European and the Far-Eastern subspecies can only be drawn based on body size and proportions. Light coloration is typical of European populations; on the contrary, in the Far East only dark specimens occur, but in Siberia a mixture of different forms presents. Penis shape and male calling signal pattern do not demonstrate geographical variability. The range of intraspecific variability of these traits is far less than interspecific differences between L. coleoptrata, L. koreana, and L. okadae. 

Zygnematophyceae: from living algae collections to the establishment of future models

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 3296-3304
Author(s):  
Hong Zhou ◽  
Klaus von Schwartzenberg
Keyword(s):  
Model Organism ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Robust Model ◽  
Physiological Adaptations ◽  
Long Time

Abstract The class of conjugating green algae, Zygnematophyceae (Conjugatophyceae), is extremely rich in species and has attracted the interest of phycologists for a long time. It is now widely accepted that this class of charophyte algae holds a key position in the phylogenetic tree of streptophytes, where they represent the closest relatives to all land plants (embryophytes). It is increasingly evident that robust model plants that can be easily cultivated and genetically transformed are necessary to better understand the process of terrestrialization and the related molecular, cellular, and physiological adaptations. Living algae collections play an important role, not only for phylogenomic-based taxonomy but also for screening for suitable model organisms. For this review, we screened six major public algae collections for Zygnematophyceae strains and established a cumulative list comprising 738 different taxa (including species, subspecies, varieties, and forms). From the described biodiversity with 8883 registered taxa (AlgaeBase) the cultured Zygnematophyceae taxa worldwide cover only ~8.3%. We review the past research on this clade of algae and discuss it from the perspective of establishing a model organism. We present data on the life cycle of the genera Micrasterias and Spirogyra, representing the orders Desmidiales and Zygnematales, and outline the current status of genetic transformation of Zygnematophyceae algae and future research perspectives.

Evidence that an ontogenetic niche shift by native masu salmon facilitates invasion by nonnative brown trout

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2049-2056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koh Hasegawa ◽  
Chitose Yamazaki ◽  
Kazumasa Ohkuma ◽  
Masatoshi Ban
Keyword(s):  
Brown Trout ◽  
Masu Salmon ◽  
Niche Shift ◽  
Ontogenetic Niche Shift ◽  
Ontogenetic Niche
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