scholarly journals Obesity, but not hypohydration, mediates changes in mental task load during passive heating in females

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron R. Caldwell ◽  
Jenna Burchfield ◽  
Nicole E. Moyen ◽  
Matthew A. Tucker ◽  
Cory L. Butts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Memory ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Mental Task ◽  
Passive Heating ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Independent Effects ◽  
Mood Scale

BackgroundThe independent effects of hypohydration and hyperthermia on cognition and mood is unclear since the two stresses often confound each other. Further, it is unknown if obese individuals have the same impairments during hyperthermia and hypohydration that is often observed in non-obese individuals.MethodsThe current study was designed to assess the independent and combined effects of mild hypohydration and hyperthermia on cognition, mood, and mental task load in obese and non-obese females. Twenty-one healthy females participated in two passive heating trials, wherein they were either euhydrated or hypohydrated prior to and throughout passive heating. Cognition (ImPACT), mental task load (NASA-TLX), and mood (Brunel Mood Scale; BRUMS) were measured before and after a 1.0 °C increase in core temperature (TC).ResultsAfter a 1.0 °C TCelevation, hypohydration resulted in greater (p < 0.05) body mass loss (−1.14 ± 0.48 vs −0.58 ± 0.48 kg; hypohydrated and euhydrated, respectively) and elevation in serum osmolality (292 ± 4 vs 282 ± 3 mOsm;p < 0.05) versus euhydration. Hypohydration, independent of hyperthermia, did not affect mental task load or mood (p > 0.05). Hyperthermia, regardless of hydration status, impaired (∼5 A.U) measures of memory-based cognition (verbal and visual memory), and increased mental task load, while worsening mood (p < 0.05). Interestingly, obese individuals had increased mental task load while hyperthermic compared to the non-obese individuals (p < 0.05) even while euhydrated. Hypohydration did not exacerbate any heat-related effects on cognition between obese and non-obese females (p > 0.05).ConclusionThese data indicate that hyperthermia independently impairs memory-based aspects of cognitive performance, mental task load, and leads to a negative mood state. Mild hypohydration did not exacerbate the effects of hyperthermia. However, obese individuals had increased mental task load during hyperthermia.

scholarly journals MOOD CHANGES FOLLOWING MODERN-DANCE CLASSES

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 453-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Lane ◽  
Ruth Hewston ◽  
Emma Redding ◽  
Gregory P. Whyte
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Modern Dance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Martha Graham ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Mood Changes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mood Scale

Full-time dancers typically spend a large proportion of time participating in dance classes. The present study examined mood state changes following two contrasting modern-dance styles on a sample of full-time dancers. Twenty-three dancers completed the Brunel University Mood Scale (Terry, Lane, Lane, & Keohane, 1999) to assess anger, confusion, depression, fatigue, tension, and vigor before and after two different dance classes. One class taught was the Jose Limon technique style, characterized by light flowing movement, and the other class taught was the Martha Graham technique style, characterized by bound movements. Results showed that participants reported a positive mood profile before and after both dance classes. Repeated Measures Multivariate Analysis of Variance results indicated a significant interaction effect (Pillai's Trace 6, 15 = .32, p < .01), whereby Vigor increased following the Limon class but remained stable after the Graham class. Future research is also needed to investigate mood changes over a sustained period to evaluate more fully mood states responses to the demands of dance classes.

scholarly journals Comparison on the Effect of Doing Exercise, Listening to Music and Taking Quiet Rest on Mood Changes

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Eric C.K. TSANG
Keyword(s):  
Instrumental Music ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
School Students ◽  
Mood Change ◽  
Mood Changes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group B

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in English; abstract also in Chinese. This study compared the effect of doing exercise, listening to music and taking quiet rest on mood changes. Three hundred and thirty seven secondary school students participated in this study. They were randomly assigned to three groups: (a) aerobic exercise group; (b) light instrumental music group; and (c) quiet rest group. All participants were administered with the Profile Of Mood State (POMS; Grove & Prapavessis, 1992) before and after the thirty minutes activity. It was found that both doing exercise and listening to music were effective in resulting a mood change by lowering the negative mood state. Participants after doing exercise reported a significant increase in positive mood. Conversely, participants after taking a quiet rest reported an increase in negative mood. It was concluded that doing exercise was most effective to achieve a positive mood change, yet, for those non-exercisers, listening to music could also induce positive psychological changes. 此研究是比較進行運動，聆聽音樂，及靜坐，對情緒的影響。三百三十七位参與測試的中學生，隨機分為三組，(a) 帶氧運動組，(b) 聆聽輕音樂組，及 (c)靜坐組。實驗進行三十分鐘，各参加者在實驗前及後都以Profile Of Mood State(POMS; Grove & Prapavessis, 1992) 作答，以探討他們的情緒變化；研究顯示進行運動及聆聽音樂，都能有效降低負面情緒，而進行運動者在正面情緒方面，更有明顯提升; 反而，靜坐組顯示在實驗後負面情緒有明顯上升，此研究作出結論，進行運動對改善情緒最為有效，但聆聽音樂對非運動愛好者，亦能改善心理狀况。

scholarly journals Effect of training session on mood state responses in athletes of wheelchair basketball team

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laise Carolina Ramos Oliveira ◽  
◽  
André Lucas Moraes ◽  
Veronica Volski Mattes ◽  
Gabriela Dal´Maz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Disability ◽  
Mood State ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Wheelchair Basketball ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
State Responses ◽  
Test For Normality

The assessment of mood state can be used as a tool for monitoring the training adaptation. However, to athletes with a physical disability, this tool is still a few explored, especially in training daily conditions. The aim of the study was to analyze the mood state during training sessions in wheelchair basketball athletes. Twelve male athletes, aged between 23 and 62 years old, were evaluated. The subjects answered the POMS questionnaire before and after five training sessions during the preparatory period. Shapiro Wilk test for normality and Friedman were used for comparison amongst sessions, adopting p<0.05. It was found that the athletes presented a positive mood profile (iceberg) during the analyzed period. A negative mood reduction and positive mood maintenance were observed after all training sessions. Therefore, the results indicate that the training sessions can decrease the negative mood dimension, especially the depression and anger in wheelchair basketball athletes.

scholarly journals Mood Responses and Regulation Strategies Used During COVID-19 Among Boxers and Coaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reece J. Roberts ◽  
Andrew M. Lane
Keyword(s):  
Mood State ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Mood States ◽  
General Level ◽  
Mood Regulation ◽  
Regulation Strategies ◽  
Mood Scale ◽  
Training Programmes

The COVID-19 pandemic brought unprecedented changes to daily life and in the first wave in the UK, it led to a societal shutdown including playing sport and concern was placed for the mental health of athletes. Identifying mood states experienced in lockdown and self-regulating strategies is useful for the development of interventions to help mood management. Whilst this can be done on a general level, examination of sport-specific effects and the experience of athletes and coaches can help develop interventions grounded in real world experiences. The present study investigated perceived differences in mood states of boxers before and during COVID-19 isolation in the first lockdown among boxers. Boxing is an individual and high-contact sport where training tends to form a key aspect of their identity. Boxers develop close relationships with their coach and boxing. Hence boxers were vulnerable to experiencing negative mood, and support via the coach was potentially unavailable. Participants were 58 experienced participants (44 boxers, male n = 33, female n = 11; 14 boxing coaches, male n = 11, female n = 3). Boxers completed the Brunel Mood Scale to assess mood before COVID-19 using a retrospective approach and during COVID-19 using a “right now” time frame. Boxers responded to open-ended questions to capture mood regulation strategies used. Coaches responded to open ended questions to capture how they helped regulate boxer’s mood. MANOVA results indicated a large significant increase in the intensity of unpleasant moods (anger, confusion, depression, fatigue, and tension) and reduction in vigor during COVID-19 (d = 0.93). Using Lane and Terry (2000) conceptual framework, results showed participants reporting depressed mood also reported an extremely negative mood profile as hypothesized. Qualitative data indicated that effective mood-regulation strategies used included maintaining close coach-athlete contact and helping create a sense of making progress in training. When seen collectively, findings illustrate that mood state responses to COVID-19 were severe. It is suggested that that active self-regulation and self-care should be a feature of training programmes to aid coaches and boxers in regulating mood when faced with severe situational changes.

Weekly Exercise Consistently Reinstates Positive Mood

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Steinberg ◽  
Briony R. Nicholls ◽  
Elizabeth A. Sykes ◽  
N. LeBoutillier ◽  
Nerina Ramlakhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Exercise Class ◽  
Negative Feelings ◽  
Over Time

Mood improvement immediately after a single bout of exercise is well documented, but less is known about successive and longer term effects. In a “real-life” field investigation, four kinds of exercise class (Beginners, Advanced, Body Funk and Callanetics) met once a week for up to 7 weeks. Before and after each class the members assessed how they felt by completing a questionnaire listing equal numbers of “positive” and “negative” mood words. Subjects who had attended at least five times were included in the analysis, which led to groups consisting of 18, 20, 16, and 16 subjects, respectively. All four kinds of exercise significantly increased positive and decreased negative feelings, and this result was surprisingly consistent in successive weeks. However, exercise seemed to have a much greater effect on positive than on negative moods. The favorable moods induced by each class seemed to have worn off by the following week, to be reinstated by the class itself. In the Callanetics class, positive mood also improved significantly over time. The Callanetics class involved “slower,” more demanding exercises, not always done to music. The Callanetics and Advanced classes also showed significantly greater preexercise negative moods in the first three sessions. However, these differences disappeared following exercise. Possibly, these two groups had become more “tolerant” to the mood-enhancing effects of physical exercise; this may be in part have been due to “exercise addiction.”

Rehydration with a Caffeinated Beverage during the Nonexercise Periods of 3 Consecutive Days of 2-a-Day Practices

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Fiala ◽  
Douglas J. Casa ◽  
Melissa W. Roti
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Psychological Measures ◽  
Mild Heat ◽  
Urine Color ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Time Point

The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of rehydration with a caffeinated beverage during non exercise periods on hydration status throughout consecutive practices in the heat. Ten (7 women, 3 men) partially heat-acclimated athletes (age 24 ± ly, body fat 19.2 ± 2%, weight 68.4 ± 4.0 kg, height 170 ± 3 cm) completed 3 successive days of 2-a-day practices (2 h/ practice, 4 h/d) in mild heat (WBGT = 23 °C). The 2 trials (double-blind, random, cross-over design) included; 1) caffeine (CAF) rehydrated with Coca-Cola® and 2) caffeine-free (CF) rehydrated with Caffeine-Free Coca-Cola®. Urine and psychological measures were determined before and after each 2-h practice. A significant difference was found for urine color for the post-AM time point, F = 5.526, P = 0.031. No differences were found among other variables (P > 0.05). In summary, there is little evidence to suggest that the use of beverages containing caffeine during non exercise might hinder hydration status.

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