scholarly journals MOOD CHANGES FOLLOWING MODERN-DANCE CLASSES

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 453-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Lane ◽  
Ruth Hewston ◽  
Emma Redding ◽  
Gregory P. Whyte

Full-time dancers typically spend a large proportion of time participating in dance classes. The present study examined mood state changes following two contrasting modern-dance styles on a sample of full-time dancers. Twenty-three dancers completed the Brunel University Mood Scale (Terry, Lane, Lane, & Keohane, 1999) to assess anger, confusion, depression, fatigue, tension, and vigor before and after two different dance classes. One class taught was the Jose Limon technique style, characterized by light flowing movement, and the other class taught was the Martha Graham technique style, characterized by bound movements. Results showed that participants reported a positive mood profile before and after both dance classes. Repeated Measures Multivariate Analysis of Variance results indicated a significant interaction effect (Pillai's Trace 6, 15 = .32, p < .01), whereby Vigor increased following the Limon class but remained stable after the Graham class. Future research is also needed to investigate mood changes over a sustained period to evaluate more fully mood states responses to the demands of dance classes.

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice Miner Holden ◽  
Kathy Oden ◽  
Kelly Kozlowski ◽  
Bert Hayslip

In this article, we reviewed results of research on near-death experiences (NDEs) over the past 3 decades and examined the effect of viewing the hour-long 2002 BBC documentary The Day I Died: The Mind, the Brain, and Near-Death Experiences on accurate knowledge about near-death experiences among advanced undergraduates at a southwestern university. In a quasi-experimental research design, the experimental group completed a 20-item questionnaire before and after viewing the documentary ( n = 66; 45 females, 21 males), and the waitlist control group completed the questionnaire as pre- and posttest before viewing the documentary ( n = 39; 36 female, 3 male). The two groups' scores at pretest were not significantly different ( p > .05). Group by occasion repeated measures ANOVA revealed the experimental group's posttest scores moved significantly in the direction of correctness with a large effect size ( p < .001; η2= .56), whereas waitlist control group posttest scores remained similar to pretest scores. We discuss two exceptions to the effectiveness of the documentary and recommendations for educators using it as well as for future research.


2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronnesia Gaskins ◽  
Ernestine Jennings ◽  
Herpreet Thind ◽  
Bruce Becker ◽  
Beth Bock

Background. College students are vulnerable to a critical period in developmental maturation, facing rigorous academic work and learning how to function independently. Western aerobic exercise (WAE), such as running and bicycling, has been shown to improve mood and relieve stress. However, college students often have low levels of physical activity. Yoga is an ancient physical and mental practice that may affect mood and stress. However, rigorous studies examining the psychological effects of yoga are rare in peerreviewed Western journals. The aim of this research was to establish preliminary evidence for the acute effects of Vinyasa yoga on affect and stress in young-adult college students. Methods. Twenty healthy college students age 18 years and older were recruited to participate in this pilot study. Participants attended a Vinyasa yoga class at a local studio twice weekly for 8 weeks. Affect and stress were assessed before and after each yoga session. Measures included the Positive and Negative Affective Schedule (PANAS) and the Cohen Perceived Stress scale. Results. Positive affect scores increased significantly (p &lt; 0.05) for 14 of the 16 yoga sessions (mean increase = 23.2%). Negative affect decreased significantly from pre- to postyoga (p &lt; 0.05) for 15 of the 16 sessions (mean decrease = 22%). Repeated measures ANOVAs examining pre-post composite scores across all 8 weeks showed significant changes in PANAS, but not stress scores. Conclusions. Findings suggest that yoga practice is associated with acute improvements in affect in a young-adult college population. Future research is needed to examine the extent to which different types of yoga address the needs of different college sub-populations (e.g., eating disordered, overweight/obese, sedentary, and smokers).


2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Duncan ◽  
Neil D. Clarke

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of acuteRhodiola rosea(R. rosea) ingestion on substrate utilisation, mood state, RPE, and exercise affect. Ten males (mean age ± S.D. = 26 ± 6 years) completed two 30-minute cycling trials at an intensity of 70% ofV˙O2max⁡following ingestion of either 3 mg·kg−1body mass ofR. roseaor placebo using a double-blind, crossover design. During exercise, heart rate and RPE were recorded. Participants completed measures of mood state and exercise affect before and after exercise. Expired air samples were taken during exercise to determine substrate utilisation. Repeated measures analysis of variance indicated that RPE was significantly lower at 30 minutes into exercise versus placebo (P=0.003). Perceptions of arousal (P=0.05) and pleasure were significantly higher after exercise withR. roseacompared to placebo (P=0.003). Mood state scores for vigor were also higher inR. roseacondition compared to placebo (P=0.008). There were no significant differences in energy expenditure, carbohydrate, or fat oxidation between conditions (P>0.05). Ingestion ofR. roseafavourably influenced RPE and exercise affect without changes in energy expenditure or substrate utilization during 30-minute submaximal cycling performance.


Dementia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 2056-2072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Pérez-Sáez ◽  
Elena M Cabrero-Montes ◽  
María Llorente-Cano ◽  
Elena González-Ingelmo

Objective This study seeks to assess the impact of a pottery workshop as a creative arts programme and discover the extent to which people with dementia taking part in an artistic and creative activity engage with it, experience a feeling of well-being, and improve their mood state. In addition, the study will seek to answer the question of whether taking part in a programme of creative activities improves the self-esteem of people with dementia. Method The research used an uncontrolled, repeated measures design. Thirty users of the National Reference Centre for Alzheimer’s and Dementia care in Salamanca (Spain) in a moderate to advanced stage of dementia (Global Deterioration Scale 4, 5, or 6) were divided into five intervention groups that received ten 45-minute sessions in which they were helped by facilitators to make different ceramic pieces. The participants were assessed before and after the intervention with a self-esteem scale, and they rated their mood before and after the sessions on a graphic scale. During the art sessions, two observers recorded the presence of multiple indicators of well-being. Results The intervention was found to have a significant impact on mood and self-esteem that was independent of the participants’ Global Deterioration Scale. Regarding the tool used to observe well-being, the participants scored highly in the domains of sustained attention, pleasure, self-esteem, and normalcy, with low scores in negative affect and sadness. Conclusions Pottery may be a highly suitable activity for people with dementia, as they may enjoy both the activity and the creative process, with it triggering a positive mood during the sessions, providing psychological well-being and reinforcing their self-esteem.


2018 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 788-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlio C. G. Silva ◽  
Rodrigo R. Aniceto ◽  
Leandro S. Oliota-Ribeiro ◽  
Gabriel R. Neto ◽  
Leonardo S. Leandro ◽  
...  

This study compared the acute effects of resistance exercise with and without blood flow restriction (BFR) on basketball players’ mood states. A total of 11 male basketball players (M age = 19.9, SD = 2.8 years; M height = 180.8, SD = 7.8 cm; M weight = 71.1, SD = 9.1 kg; M body mass index = 22.1, SD = 1.9 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to two experimental conditions: (a) low-load resistance exercise with BFR (LLRE + BFR) and high-load resistance exercise (HLRE) without BFR. We measured mood state with the Brunel Mood Scale before and after each session. There was a significant interaction effect such that there was increased fatigue over time with LLRE + BFR ( p = .001, Δ% = 169.2). Regarding total mood disorder, there were significant pre and postexercise differences between athletes exposed to both the LLRE + BFR and HLRE conditions ( p = .048) and a decharacterization of the iceberg mood profile in the post-training LLRE + BFR condition. LLRE + BFR, compared to HLRE, promoted an acute negative effect on mood state, decharacterization of the iceberg profile, total mood disturbance, and increased participant fatigue, suggesting that this method of strength training should be avoided before sports competitions.


PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e5394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron R. Caldwell ◽  
Jenna Burchfield ◽  
Nicole E. Moyen ◽  
Matthew A. Tucker ◽  
Cory L. Butts ◽  
...  

BackgroundThe independent effects of hypohydration and hyperthermia on cognition and mood is unclear since the two stresses often confound each other. Further, it is unknown if obese individuals have the same impairments during hyperthermia and hypohydration that is often observed in non-obese individuals.MethodsThe current study was designed to assess the independent and combined effects of mild hypohydration and hyperthermia on cognition, mood, and mental task load in obese and non-obese females. Twenty-one healthy females participated in two passive heating trials, wherein they were either euhydrated or hypohydrated prior to and throughout passive heating. Cognition (ImPACT), mental task load (NASA-TLX), and mood (Brunel Mood Scale; BRUMS) were measured before and after a 1.0 °C increase in core temperature (TC).ResultsAfter a 1.0 °C TCelevation, hypohydration resulted in greater (p < 0.05) body mass loss (−1.14 ± 0.48 vs −0.58 ± 0.48 kg; hypohydrated and euhydrated, respectively) and elevation in serum osmolality (292 ± 4 vs 282 ± 3 mOsm;p < 0.05) versus euhydration. Hypohydration, independent of hyperthermia, did not affect mental task load or mood (p > 0.05). Hyperthermia, regardless of hydration status, impaired (∼5 A.U) measures of memory-based cognition (verbal and visual memory), and increased mental task load, while worsening mood (p < 0.05). Interestingly, obese individuals had increased mental task load while hyperthermic compared to the non-obese individuals (p < 0.05) even while euhydrated. Hypohydration did not exacerbate any heat-related effects on cognition between obese and non-obese females (p > 0.05).ConclusionThese data indicate that hyperthermia independently impairs memory-based aspects of cognitive performance, mental task load, and leads to a negative mood state. Mild hypohydration did not exacerbate the effects of hyperthermia. However, obese individuals had increased mental task load during hyperthermia.


Author(s):  
Maria Auxiliadora Monteiro

ResumoO objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar os níveis de flexibilidade e força muscular abdominal em bailarinas submetidas à técnica de dança moderna de Martha Graham. A pesquisa se caracterizou por um delineamento quase-experimental, onde foi utilizado como amostra 50 bailarinas, com idade média de 18 ± 5,29 anos, de um grupo de dança do Colégio Gentil Bittencourt, localizado no Bairro Nazaré, em Belém, Pará. A amostra foi submetida ao programa de dança moderna de Martha Graham durante 12 semanas. Para a avaliação das variáveis foram utilizados: a goniometria (na avaliação da flexibilidade) nos movimentos espacate antero-anterior/flexão, espacate antero-anterior/extensão, espacate latero-lateral, extensão, elevação frontal e elevação lateral da articulação do quadril, o máxima de 1 minuto (na avaliação da força muscular abdominal). Foi realizada a análise estatística descritiva com o objetivo de estimar as medidas de tendência central (média e mediana) e variação (desvio-padrão e erro-padrão) além da distribuição de frequências, absolutas e relativas. E a análise estatística inferencial por meio do teste de Shapiro Wilk para a análise da normalidade da amostra; o teste de Wilcoxon (não-paramétrico) e o teste t de Student (paramétrico) para comparação entre as médias dos dois diferentes momentos de testagem (antes e depois do treinamento). Nos resultados pôde-se observar aumentos significativos, no pós-teste, nas variáveis: flexibilidade (para todos os movimentos - espacate antero-anterior/flexão (?=4,43 graus; p=0,039), espacate antero-anterior/extensão (?=5,02 graus; p=0,004), espacate latero-lateral (?=12,91 graus; p=0,014), extensão (?=8,40 graus; p=0,000), elevação frontal (?=15,57 graus; p=0,000) e elevação lateral (?=10,11 graus; p=0,000), e nos níveis de força abdominal ((? = 2,70 repetições; p=0,000). Desta forma, pôde-se concluir que a intervenção da dança moderna pode gerar aumentos na amplitude de movimento articular, nos níveis de flexibilidade e na força muscular abdominal em sujeitos jovens.AbstractLevels of flexibility and abdominal muscle strength in dancers submitted to Martha Graham's modern dance technique The aim of the present study was to analyze the levels of flexibility and abdominal muscle strength in dancers submitted to Martha Graham's modern dance technique. The research was characterized by a quasi-experimental design, where 50 dancers, with an average age of 18 ± 5.29 years old, from a dance group at Colégio Gentil Bittencourt, located in Bairro Nazaré, in Belém, Pará, were used as a sample. The sample was submitted to Martha Graham's modern dance program for 12 weeks. For the evaluation of the variables, the following were used: goniometry (in the assessment of flexibility) in the anteroposterior / flexion movements, antero-anterior splits / extension, latero- lateral extension, frontal elevation and lateral elevation of the hip joint, the maximum of 1 minute (in the evaluation of abdominal muscle strength). Descriptive statistical analysis was performed in order to estimate measures of central tendency (mean and median) and variation (standard deviation and standard error) in addition to the distribution of frequencies, absolute and relative. And inferential statistical analysis using the Shapiro Wilk test to analyze the sample's normality; the Wilcoxon test (non-parametric) and the Student t test (parametric) for comparison between the means of the two different testing moments (before and after training). In the results, it was possible to observe significant increases, in the post-test, in the variables: flexibility (for all movements - antero-anterior splitting / flexion (? = 4.43 degrees; p = 0.039), antero-anterior splitting / extension ( ? = 5.02 degrees; p = 0.004), laterolateral splits (? = 12.91 degrees; p = 0.014), extension (? = 8.40 degrees; p = 0.000), frontal elevation (? = 15, 57 degrees; p = 0.000) and lateral elevation (? = 10.11 degrees; p = 0.000), and in the abdominal strength levels (? = 2.70 repetitions; p = 0.000). that the intervention of modern dance can generate increases in the range of articular movement, levels of flexibility and abdominal muscle strength in young subjects.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thalia D.M. Stalmeier ◽  
Jelle Lubbers ◽  
Mira B. Cladder-Micus ◽  
Imke Hanssen ◽  
Marloes J. Huijbers ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Negative self-referential processing has fruitfully been studied in unipolar depressed patients, but remarkably less in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). This study examines the relation between task-based self-referential processing and depressive symptoms in BD and their possible importance to the working mechanism of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) for BD.Methods: The study population consisted of a subsample of patients with BD (n = 49) participating in an RCT of MBCT for BD, who were assigned to MBCT+TAU (n = 23) or treatment as usual (TAU) (n = 26). Patients performed the self-referential encoding task (SRET), which measures (1) positive and (2) negative attributions to oneself as well as (3) negative self-referential memory bias, before and after MBCT. Results: At baseline all three SRET measures were significantly related to depressive symptoms in patients with BD. Moreover, repeated measures analyses of variance revealed that negative self-referential memory bias diminished over time in the MBCT+TAU group, compared with the TAU group. Conclusions: Task-based self-referential processing is related to depressive symptoms in BD. Moreover, the negative self-referential memory bias was specifically amenable to change through MBCT. Future research should explore the possibly mediating role of reduction of negative self-referential memory bias in preventing and treating depressive symptoms in BD through MBCT.


2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elle Mae Boag ◽  
David Wilson

Purpose – Research examining attitudes towards offenders assesses the attitudes of professionals working with offenders, rather than attitudes of those without any experience with offenders. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether prejudice towards offenders would decrease after engagement with incarcerated serious offenders, and whether any improvement would be explained by increased empathic responding. Design/methodology/approach – An experimental field study was conducted. A repeated measures questionnaire assessed empathy and prejudice at two time points: before and after engagement with serious offenders. Findings – As predicted experiencing actual engagement with convicted sex offenders and murderers within a prison environment did increase empathy and decrease prejudice towards ex-offenders. Research limitations/implications – All participants were applied criminology students and (prison visited) is not representative of prisons within HM Prison Service. It could be argued that responding was influenced by previous knowledge of criminal justice and penal systems. Future research should consider examining the impact of engagement on empathy and prejudice with a larger, naïve sample and across different prisons. Originality/value – As the first (to the authors knowledge) to empirically examine attitude change of individuals with no personal experience of offenders this research has value to any person considering how social exclusion may be reduced at a societal level.


2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl A. Krause-Parello ◽  
Joanna Tychowski ◽  
Andres Gonzalez ◽  
Zakiya Boyd

A repeated measures design was used to analyze the effect of a canine interaction on salivary cortisol and immunoglobulin A (IgA) in 33 adults; 16 were pet owners and 17 were non-pet owners. Cortisol and IgA levels before and after a canine interaction (experimental) or viewing a canine movie (control) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and spectrophotometer. Data show a significant interaction effect for salivary cortisol in non-pet owners (p = 0.003). Changes in IgA levels were not significant. The findings suggested that interaction with canines may help reduce the biological effects of stress that influences human health. Further studies with larger sample sizes are necessary to support these results.


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