Changes in in vivo ruminal fermentation patterns and blood metabolites by different protein fraction-enriched feeds in Holstein steers

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Fraction ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation

scholarly journals PSII-13 Effect of corn stover silages inoculated with effective microorganisms (EM®) on digestibility of sheeps

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 408-410
Author(s):  
Manuel Pérez- ◽  
Claudia C Márquez-Mota ◽  
Atmir Romero-Pérez ◽  
Jonathan Avilés-Nieto ◽  
Luis Corona
Keyword(s):  
Corn Stover ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Effective Microorganisms ◽  
Cane Molasses ◽  
Milk Whey ◽  
Corn Stover Silage ◽  
Silage Process ◽  
Male Sheep

Abstract The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of corn stover silages with two sources of energy (cane molasses or milk whey) and EM (effective microorganisms, 1 mL/kg DM) on the digestibility of nutrients and rumen fermentation. We hypothesized that inoculation with EM (lactobacillus spp and Rhodopseudomona palustris and Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in the silage process of corn stover coud improve the in vivo digestibility and ruminal fermentation in sheep. Six male sheep with cannula in the rumen were used in a 6 x 6 Latin square design. Experimental periods consisted of 11 d for diet adjustment followed by 5 d for collection. The animals were housed in metabolic cages, with a harness to collect faeces individually. Diets consisted of concentrate (corn grain, soybean meal, mineral salt) 55% and corn stover 45% dry basis. The treatments were: CS-AMW= Corn stover with acid milk whey, CS-CM= corn stover with sugar cane molasses, SIL-AMW= corn stover silage with acid milk whey, SIL-CM= corn stover silage with cane molasses, SIL-AMW-EM= corn stover silage with acid milk whey and EMand SIL-CM-EM= Corn stover silage with cane molasses and EM. The results were analyzed with PROC MIXED procedures of SAS. The inoculation of corn stover with EM increased (P < 0.05) the content of CP in SIL-AMW-EM and SIL-CM-EM respect CS-CM (Table 1). SIL-CM-EM increase (P < 0.05) the ruminal N-NH3 and pH (Table 2) but no effect was observed for digestibility (Table 3). However, the SIL-AMW improved (5.8%, P < 0.05) the OM digestion compared with CS-AMW. A diet with 45% corn stover silage with EM was not sufficient to improve in vivo digestibility of nutrients in sheep. This project was supported by UNAM,DGAPA, PAPIIT (IT202120)

scholarly journals Effects of feeding urea-treated triticale and oat grain mixtures on ruminal fermentation, microbial population, and milk production performance of midlactation dairy cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kacper Libera ◽  
Malgorzata Szumacher-Strabel ◽  
Mina Vazirigohar ◽  
Wiktor Zieliński ◽  
Rafal Lukow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Ruminal Fluid ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Available Energy ◽  
Branched Chain

AbstractThe starch content of triticale and oat grains provides much of their readily available energy. Synchronizing energy and nitrogen in the rumen is important in optimizing profitability; for this reason, ammonia processing of these grains was evaluated for its potential to modify ruminal fermentation and to improve milk production performance. A mixture of ground triticale and oats (CONG, in a 60:40 ratio 40 by DM) was treated with urea (5 kg/1000 kg) and urease additive (20 kg/1000 kg) containing 200 g/kg of moisture, for 2 wk (UREG). The urea treatment enhanced the pH and CP content of grains by 34% and 52%, respectively. In a batch culture study, CONG or UREG as the only substrate was incubated in a buffered ruminal fluid. Compared to CONG, UREG increased pH, total VFA concentration, total gas, and disappearance of DM, while reducing CH4 production, whereas NH3 concentration increased and entodiniomorph counts tended to increase. In the in vivo study, cows were randomly allocated to two dietary groups (n = 24) and were offered TMR based on maize and grass silage, containing either 155 g/kg of CONG and 80 g/kg of soybean meal (CONT) or 155 g/kg of UREG and 59 g/kg of soybean meal (URET) for 31 d. Ruminal fluid was collected (n = 10) using rumenocentesis. The relative abundances of Streptococcus bovis decreased, but Megasphaera elsdenii, methanogens, and ammonia-producing bacteria increased by URET. Entodiniomorph and holotrich counts were decreased by URET. Feeding with URET increased ruminal pH and concentrations of total VFA, acetate, branched-chain VFA, and NH3. Feeding with URET also increased milk yield. These results demonstrate that replacing untreated triticale and oat grains with urea-treated grains can beneficially modulate ruminal microbiota and fermentation, consequently improving production performance and profitability.

scholarly journals Effects of reductive acetogenic bacteria and lauric acid on in vivo ruminal fermentation, microbial populations, and methane mitigation in Hanwoo steers in South Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (10) ◽  
pp. 4360-4367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seon-Ho Kim ◽  
Lovelia L Mamuad ◽  
Yeon-Jae Choi ◽  
Haguyn G Sung ◽  
Kwang-Keun Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Lauric Acid ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Methane Mitigation ◽  
Acetogenic Bacteria

scholarly journals Effects of reductive acetogenic bacteria and lauric acid on in vivo ruminal fermentation, microbial populations, and methane mitigation in Hanwoo steers in South Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (11) ◽  
pp. 4924-4924
Author(s):  
Seon-Ho Kim ◽  
Lovelia L Mamuad ◽  
Yeon-Jae Choi ◽  
Haguyn G Sung ◽  
Kwang-Keun Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Lauric Acid ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Methane Mitigation ◽  
Acetogenic Bacteria

scholarly journals The Effect of Replacing Wildrye Hay with Mulberry Leaves on the Growth Performance, Blood Metabolites, and Carcass Characteristics of Sheep

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2018
Author(s):  
Hua Sun ◽  
Yang Luo ◽  
Fangfang Zhao ◽  
Yaotian Fan ◽  
Jingnan Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Mulberry Leaves ◽  
Ph Values

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of partially substituting for conventional forage, Chinese wildrye (CW), with mulberry leaves (ML) on the growth, digestion, ruminal fermentation, blood metabolites, and meat quality of sheep in a 65-day feedlot study. Thirty-two four-month-old male small-tailed Han sheep (25.15 ± 1.03 kg) were randomly assigned to one of four treatments. The dietary treatments consisted of four proportions of ML (0, 8, 24, and 32%) as a substitute for CW (designated as ML0, ML8, ML24, and ML32, respectively). Rumen digesta and blood samples were collected at day 63 of the trial. Carcass traits were assessed after slaughter at the end of performance period. The results from this study revealed no differences in average daily bodyweight gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and final body weight (FBW) among treatments. The apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) was higher in the sheep fed with ML than in those fed CW. The ML24 treatment had a higher digestibility of crude protein (CP) and ether extract (EE). There were no differences (p = 0.13) in ruminal pH values among the treatments. However, there was more microbial protein (p < 0.01) in ML24 and ML32 treatments than the ML0 treatment. Ruminal concentrations of acetate and butyrate were significantly different among treatments, although no difference in concentrations of total volatile fatty acid were found. Additionally, no differences were detected for serum parameters except blood urea nitrogen (BUN). No differences were observed for carcass weight (p = 0.62), dressing percentage (p = 0.31) or longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) area (p = 0.94) among treatments. However, intramuscular fat was higher in the ML24 treatment than in the ML0 treatment. (p < 0.01). There were higher pH values of the 24-h longissimus dorsi in the ML24 treatment than in the ML0 treatment. In addition, the saturated fatty acid (SFA) content was lower (p < 0.01) and the monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content higher (p < 0.01) in the ML24 treatment than in the ML0 treatment. In conclusion, the partially substitution of mulberry leaves for Chinese wildrye in the diet of sheep had a beneficial influence on the growth performance, blood metabolites and carcass characteristics. The inclusion of 24% (air dry basis) mulberry leaf hay in the ration of sheep is recommended based on these findings.

The effects of anAspergillus oryzaeextract containing alpha-amylase activity on ruminal fermentation and milk production in lactating Holstein cows

2005 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Tricarico ◽  
J. D. Johnston ◽  
K. A. Dawson ◽  
K. C. Hanson ◽  
K. R. McLeod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Nutrient Metabolism ◽  
Lactating Cows

AbstractThe effects of anAspergillus oryzaeextract containing alpha-amylase activity (Amaize™, Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, KY) were examinedin vivoandin vitro. A lactating cow study employed 20 intact and four ruminally fistulated Holstein cows in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin-square design to examine the effects of four concentrations of dietary Amaize™ extract on milk production and composition, ruminal fermentation and serum metabolite concentrations. The treatment diets contained 0, 240, 480 or 720 alpha-amylase dextrinizing units (DU) per kg of total mixed ration (TMR) (dry-matter basis). The supplemental alpha-amylase increased the yields of milk (P= 0·02), fat (P= 0·02) and protein (P= 0·06) quadratically. The maximum milk yield was obtained when 240 DU per kg of TMR were offered. Ruminalin situstarch disappearance was not affected by alpha-amylase supplementation in lactating cows or ruminally cannulated steers. Supplemental alpha-amylase extract reduced the molar proportion of propionate in the rumen of steers (P= 0·08) and lactating cows (P= 0·04), and in rumen-simulating cultures (P= 0·04). The supplement also increased the molar proportions of acetate (P= 0·06) and butyrate (P= 0·05), and the serum beta-hydroxybutyrate (P= 0·01) and non-esterified fatty acid (P= 0·03) concentrations in lactating cows. The improvements in milk production appear to be a consequence of the effects of alpha-amylase on ruminal fermentation and the potential changes in nutrient metabolism that result from them. We conclude that supplemental alpha-amylase may be given to modify ruminal fermentation and improve milk and component yield in lactating Holstein cattle.

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