scholarly journals Causes of Visual Impairment Among the Registered Visually Disabled: A Retrospective Study

Cureus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada Al-Yousuf ◽  
Haneen Alaali ◽  
Hassan M Alsetri ◽  
Hasan E Yusuf ◽  
Harish K Bhardwaj ◽  
...  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Vergaz Benito ◽  
César Vega-Colado ◽  
María Begoña Coco ◽  
Rubén Cuadrado ◽  
Juan Carlos Torres-Zafra ◽  
...  

The aim of the chapter is to review the most recent advances in electro-optical technologies applied to visually disabled people. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that the number of people in the world with some kind of visual impairment is 285 million, with 246 million of these persons in a partially sighted or Low Vision (LV) condition. The top three causes of visual impairment are uncorrected refractive errors, cataracts and glaucoma, followed by age-related macular degeneration. On the other hand, Head Mounted Displays or electro-optical materials used in liquid crystal or electrochromic devices can be used in technical aids for LV. In this chapter, the authors review how disabled people receive real world information using these new technologies, how the recently developed electro-optical technical aids can improve visual perception, and how these LV aids do work, from a technological point of view.


2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 258
Author(s):  
Sivagami Nachiappan ◽  
Annamalai Odayappan ◽  
Tiruvengadakrishnan Nirmala Devi ◽  
Girish Velis ◽  
Priya Sivakumar

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-163
Author(s):  
Chetna M Sangode ◽  
Amol A Tatode ◽  
Milind J Umekar

Visual impairment (VI), a worldwide worry that is probably going to raise with delayed futures, has gained increasing attention in the domain of eye care. Now a days, new cases of visual impairment occur in older individuals, some children are born with visual impairments resulting from retinopathy of prematurity, a condition associated with premature birth. Other children experience vision loss because of congenital glaucoma or congenital cataracts, Uveitis and some experience vision loss of unknown etiology. Uveitis is an intraocular inflammation involving primarily the uveal tract. Vision is one of our most cherished senses. There are nearly 45 million people worldwide who are blind and a further 135 million people are visually disabled. Uveitis causes 0.6% - 11% of blindness in various studies. The ophthalmic preparations are available as buffered, sterile and isotonic solution. For the ocular delivery of drugs, several types of dosage forms are prepared and marketed. As drops are easier to administer so the most prescribed dosage form is the eye drop solution. Nepafenac is unique among ophthalmic NSAIDs in that it is a prodrug deaminated to amfenac, a highly effective non-selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor. The compiled data presented in this review will act as a good information resource and reference point for further research in the field of ocular drug delivery aiming non-invasive sustained release of drugs in the anterior and posterior segments of the eye.


2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-30
Author(s):  
Daniela Dimitrova-Radojichikj ◽  
◽  
Daniela Tasevska ◽  

Author(s):  
Sandeep Sharma ◽  
Prakhar Chaudhary ◽  
Vijay Pratap Singh Tomar ◽  
Richa Singh Chaudhary ◽  
Sindhuja Singh ◽  
...  

Background: Cataract is the major cause of blindness in developing nations, in India it has been reported to be responsible for 50-80% of the bilaterally blindness in the country. Patients coming for community cataract surgery are being screened for retinal diseases which are third most blinding condition after cataract and glaucoma.Methods: This was a hospital based retrospective study. Patients included were of age between 40 to more than 80 years of age from 1st September to 31st December 2019. Comprehensive ocular and systemic examinations were done.Results: The age ranged from 40 to >80 years with a mean±SD age of 69.64±7.31 years. Mean±SD age of men was 69.98±7.37 years, and women were 69.36±7.26 years. Nearly half of the study subjects (48.5%) were between 60 and 69 years of age, whereas 3.9% were of 80 years and above. The prevalence of unilateral retinal disorders was 18.9% (95% CI: 17.2–20.8%), while bilateral retinal disorders was 33.5% (95% CI: 31.2–35.6%) The prevalence of retinal disorders was 45.47% between age 60–69 years, 54.48% between age 70–79 years, and 25% for age 80 years and above.Conclusions: Without screening programs, patients often fail to notice developing visual impairment until the disease progresses to advanced stage, especially in their nondominant eye. So community patients should also be screened for glaucoma and retinal diseases which are second and third most common blinding conditions in developing countries like India. 


2021 ◽  
pp. 026461962199488
Author(s):  
Tais Siqueira Venâncio ◽  
Bruna Michele Freire de Araújo ◽  
João Vitor Ramos de Toledo Negrão ◽  
Lívia de Andrade Freire ◽  
Niro Kasahara

The purpose of this case–control study was to assess the quality of life (QoL) in children with visual impairment from an urban area in Brazil. Participants included children with binocular and monocular visual impairment and normal controls aged between 4 and 15 years. All subjects underwent a basic ophthalmic exam and answered the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory™ (PedsQL). The score results were compared among the groups with analysis of variance (ANOVA). The sample included 45 children with visual disability (24 binocular and 21 monocular) and 30 age-matched controls. The groups did not differ in age and gender distribution. The child self-report score for the binocular visual impairment group was lower when compared to controls in all four core scales; as compared to monocular children, the binocular group scored lower in physical health and social functioning. The total score of binocular children (67.9 ± 25.2) was lower than that for monocular children (83.0 ± 13.3, p = .01) and controls (84.2 ± 13.6, p < .001). Children with monocular visual disability presented very similar scores to controls in both self-reported and parent proxy inventory (81.6 ± 15.2, p = .97 and 81.9 ± 15.3, p = .99, respectively). These data should help governments develop public health interventions and rehabilitation strategies for visually disabled children.


2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 855.e3
Author(s):  
C. Cannarozzo ◽  
P. Kirch ◽  
L. Campoy ◽  
R. Gleed ◽  
M. Martin-Flores
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