scholarly journals Incidence of Acute Renal Failure (ARF) in Birth Asphyxia and its Correlation with Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) Staging

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganavi Ramagopal Ramagopal
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

MRI IN HYPOXIC ISCHEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHY WITH CLINICAL FOLLOW UP

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
M R Shashikumar ◽  
Narasipur Lingaiah Rajendrakumar ◽  
Sanjay P ◽  
Nanjaraj Chakenalli Puttaraj ◽  
Shruti Shruti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Diffusion Restriction ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

Introduction: HIE is often clinically suspected in the setting of a known perinatal stress event arising from a complicated or difcult delivery. The most sensitive and specic imaging technique for examining infants with suspected hypoxicischemic brain injury is MR imaging. It also gives information about the timing and specic patterns of injury and also suggest diagnoses other than HIE such as metabolic disorders and developmental disorders of the brain. MRI is also a useful tool in the determination of prognosis and also follow-up of HIE. Aim: This study was undertaken to evaluate the various MRI appearances of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in term and preterm neonates and to correlate the MRI appearances with clinical outcome. Materials and Methods: All neonates with history of birth asphyxia, referred for MRI examination to the Department of Radio-Diagnosis, K. R. Hospital attached to Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, during January 2018 to January 2019. All MRI scans were performed on GE optima MR360 1.5 Tesla. Sequences used were T1W axial, T1 FLAIR axial, T2W axial, T2 FLAIR axial, T1W sag, T2W coronal, T2W GRE axial, DWI axial and ADC maps. Results: 30 babies with clinically suspicion of HIE and positive ndings on MR imaging were evaluated in our study. Out of 30 babies, 18 were term and 12 babies were preterm. Periventricular luecomalacia is most common MRI pattern in preterm and central pattern in term neonates. 16 babies had abnormal developmental outcome at 6 months follow up study. 16 babies with diffusion restriction in corpus callosum, 12 had abnormal outcome. 7 out of 10 babies with loss of normal signal in internal capsule had abnormal outcome. Babies with diffusion restriction in basal ganglia had gross developmental delay. Conclusion: MRI is the modality of choice for evaluation of HIE because of excellent gray – white matter resolution, well-depiction of myelination pattern and multi-planar imaging capabilities. There is a strong relation between the MRI appearances of birth asphyxia and the clinical outcome. Therefore MRI has a strong role in prognosticating lesions.

scholarly journals Incidence of Acute Renal Failure in Full Term Neonates with Birth Asphyxia

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 671-674
Author(s):  
Chandra Bhushan Jha ◽  
Akhil Tamrakar
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Renal Injury ◽  
Urine Output ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Acute Renal Injury ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Oliguric Renal Failure

Introduction: Birth asphyxia is an eventuality having far reaching consequences in the neonatal period. Hypoxia and ischemia can cause damage to almost every tissue and organ in the body and various target organs involved. Renal insult is a recognized complication of birth asphyxia and carries a poor prognosis. Timely detection of renal dysfunction and appropriate management may favorably alter the prognosis in many neonates with birth asphyxia. Objective: The present study was done to find out the incidence of acute renal failure in the full term neonates with birth asphyxia. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital, Morang, Nepal from 1st September 2017 to 28th February 2018. Fifty full term neonates born with Apgar score of <6 at 5 minutes and fulfilling inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Asphyxiated neonates having Serum creatinine >1.5gm/dl or urine output<1ml/kg/hr were labeled as cases of Acute Renal Failure. Blood sample for serum creatinine was collected at 24hrs, 48 hrs and 72 hrs of life. Results A total of 50 term asphyxiated neonates were enrolled in the present study. Among them 54% and 46% were males and females respectively with male to female ratio of 1.2:1. In the present study 62% of cases developed acute renal failure in either of the first three days of life with mean urine output 1.02±0.27ml/kg/hr and mean serum creatinine of 1.49±0.32 mg/dL. The incidence of oliguric renal failure was 52% and non oliguric renal failure was 48%.The association between serum creatinine and urine output was statistically significant. Conclusion: In the present study birth asphyxia has been an important cause of neonatal acute renal injury, revealing 31 (62%) cases. Monitoring urine output and serum creatinine has helped in detecting the asphyxiated neonates with acute renal injury in the early stage.

Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy in Neonates with Birth Asphyxia - A Hospital Based Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-26
Author(s):  
Jyoti Adhikari ◽  
Deepak Paudel
Keyword(s):  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
Obstructed Labor ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

Introduction: Each year approximately 4 million babies are born asphyxiated, which results in 1 million deaths and an equal number of serious neurological sequelae. One of the commonest organs involved in birth asphyxia is brain which may lead to a syndrome of clinical manifestation called Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE). Aims: To find out possible maternal and neonatal risk factors for Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy, to analyze clinical presentations and outcome of HIE in asphyxiated newborns. Methods: Hospital based observational study was carried out among fifty newborns with Apgar score less than 7 at 1 minute of life admitted in Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kohalpur, Banke. Results: The incidence of birth asphyxia and birth asphyxia with HIE were 37.2 per 1000 live births and 14 per 1000 live births with male: female ratio of 1.27:1. Most of the neonates 22(44%) were in HIE stage II. Meconium stained amniotic fluid 18 (36%) was the most common intrapartum risk factor followed by maternal use of intrapartum medications 14 (28%), Premature Rupture of Membrane (PROM) 8 (16%), prolonged labor 5 (10%) and obstructed labor 6 (12%). Four (8%) asphyxiated neonates with HIE had cord prolapse and 7 (14%) had cord around the neck. The most common resuscitation done was bag and mask ventilation (56%) (P<0.05). Majority of the studied neonates were of normal birth weight (76%) and head circumference (84%) (P<0.05) with clinical presentations of respiratory distress (88%), seizures (44%), apnea (22%), bradycardia (8%), tachycardia (6%) and bulged anterior fontanel (6%). The overall mortality of neonates with HIE was 20% of which most were of HIE stage III. Conclusion: Certain measures could be taken to prevent birth asphyxia: early detection and intervention of high risk pregnancy, prompt and effective resuscitation of asphyxiates newborns.

scholarly journals Current Controversies in Newer Therapies to Treat Birth Asphyxia

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pia Wintermark
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Neurological Outcome ◽  
Mild Hypothermia ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
Monitoring Technology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Neuroprotective Strategy ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy

Despite major advances in monitoring technology and knowledge of fetal and neonatal pathophysiology, neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) remains one of the main causes of severe adverse neurological outcome in children. Until recently, there were no therapies other than supportive measures. Over the past several years, mild hypothermia has been proven to be safe to treat HIE. Unfortunately, this neuroprotective strategy seems efficient in preventing brain injury in some asphyxiated newborns, but not in all of them. Thus, there is increasing interest to rapidly understand how to refine hypothermia therapy and add neuroprotective or neurorestorative strategies. Several promising newer treatments to treat birth asphyxia and prevent its devastating neurological consequences are currently being tested. In this paper, the physiopathology behind HIE, the currently available treatment, the potential alternatives, and the next steps before implementation of these other treatments are reviewed.

Controlled hypothermia in complex therapy for hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy in infants with birth asphyxia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5_2020 ◽  
pp. 90-97
Author(s):  
Savelyeva G.М. Savelyeva ◽  
Shalina R.I. Shalina ◽  
Аnаnkina А.А. Аnаnkina ◽  
Kunyakh Zh.Yu Kunyakh ◽  
Sichinava L.G. Sichinava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy ◽  
Complex Therapy ◽  
Controlled Hypothermia ◽  
Ischemic Encephalopathy
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