An Evaluation of the Outcomes of a Court Outreach Program for People with Severe and Persistent Mental Illness Who Are Legally Involved

The current study evaluated the outcomes of an outreach program that provides individualized services to people with severe mental illness who are legally involved. Client outcomes included increased community ability and reduced homelessness for a group of 45 clients still receiving services from the program, and increased community ability and diminished severity of mental health symptoms for 50 clients who had been discharged from the program. Only 2 of the 50 discharged clients (4%) were found to be incarcerated at termination; 1 other client (2%) was detained at termination through the Ontario Review Board.

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Mental health symptoms and disorders in elite athletes: a systematic review on cultural influencers and barriers to athletes seeking treatment

British Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1136/bjsports-2019-100710 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 53 (11) ◽

pp. 707-721 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia ◽

João Guilherme de Mello e Gallinaro ◽

Rodrigo Scialfa Falcão ◽

Vincent Gouttebarge ◽

Mary E Hitchcock ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Health Literacy ◽

Mental Health Treatment ◽

Mental Health Literacy ◽

Elite Athletes ◽

Mental Health Symptoms ◽

Health Treatment ◽

Health Symptoms

ObjectiveTo summarise the literature on the barriers to athletes seeking mental health treatment and cultural influencers of mental health in elite athletes.DesignSystematic reviewData sourcesPubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, SportDiscus (Ebsco), and PsycINFO (ProQuest) up to November 2018.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesQualitative and quantitative original studies of elite athletes (those who competed at the professional, Olympic, or collegiate/university levels), published in any language.ResultsStigma, low mental health literacy, negative past experiences with mental health treatment-seeking, busy schedules, and hypermasculinity are barriers to elite athletes seeking mental health treatment. Cultural influencers of mental health in elite athletes include: (1) the lack of acceptance of women as athletes; (2) lower acceptability of mental health symptoms and disorders among non-white athletes; (3) non-disclosure of religious beliefs; and (4) higher dependence on economic benefits. Coaches have an important role in supporting elite athletes in obtaining treatment for mental illness. Brief anti-stigma interventions in elite athletes decrease stigma and improve literary about mental health.ConclusionThere is a need for various actors to provide more effective strategies to overcome the stigma that surrounds mental illness, increase mental health literacy in the athlete/coach community, and address athlete-specific barriers to seeking treatment for mental illness. In this systematic review, we identified strategies that, if implemented, can overcome the cultural factors that may otherwise limit athletes seeking treatment. Coaches are critical for promoting a culture within elite athletes’ environments that encourages athletes to seek treatment.

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Developing a Framework to Increase Access to Mental Health Services for Children With Special Needs in Ethiopia

Frontiers in Sociology ◽

10.3389/fsoc.2020.583931 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

Author(s):

Tammy L. Hughes ◽

Cydney Quinn ◽

Amy Tiberi ◽

Waganesh A. Zeleke

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Care ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Mental Health Care ◽

Health Care Access ◽

Health Care Services ◽

Local Community ◽

Mental Health Symptoms ◽

Health Symptoms ◽

Cultural Taboos

The availability and accessibility of Westernized mental health diagnostic processes and evidence-based treatments are limited in developing countries, such as Ethiopia (Kakuma et al., 2011; Hohenshil et al., 2013; Wondie, 2014; Zeleke et al., 2017b). Similar to other developing nations, there is (a) a lack of health care services for mental practices to build on, (b) limited services that are well-suited to the culture (Wondie, 2014; Zeleke et al., 2019), (c) limited scientific literature useful for documenting the needs of the Ethiopian public, and (d) too few mental health professional preparation programs (Zeleke et al., 2019). Whereas Western cultures generally follow the biomedical model conceptualization and treatment of disease, non-Western cultures, such as Ethiopia tend to adhere to traditional and religious views to explain the origin of mental illness (Kortmann, 1987; Jacobsson and Merdassa, 1991). Mental health symptoms may be attributed to supernatural causes or other spiritual crises, rather than a combination of biopsychosocial influences. As such, individuals seeking help with mental health symptoms in Ethiopia are mostly limited to family, friends and local community healers (Zeleke et al., 2017a, 2019). When individuals are brought to the few places providing Westernized mental health care, it is often only after exhausting other traditional and religious alternatives (Bekele et al., 2000). Even when there is a desire to seek Westernized services, socioeconomic circumstance, cultural factors (e.g., a focus on collectivism practices), negative attitudes toward mental illness, along with unfamiliarity and fear of these new practices, are noted barriers to receiving treatments. Beliefs passed down through cultural taboos go on to effect multiple generations. Not only do barriers affect individuals, but they also negatively impact the range of services for children, families and communities. With the ultimate goal of improving mental health care access for children, a full appreciation of the context is essential.

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Global connectivity of the fronto-parietal cognitive control network is related to depression symptoms in the general population

Network Neuroscience ◽

10.1162/netn_a_00056 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 107-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Douglas H. Schultz ◽

Takuya Ito ◽

Levi I. Solomyak ◽

Richard H. Chen ◽

Ravi D. Mill ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Illness ◽

General Population ◽

Cognitive Control ◽

Diagnostic Criteria ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Control Network ◽

Mental Health Symptoms ◽

Health Symptoms ◽

Cognitive Control Network

We all vary in our mental health, even among people not meeting diagnostic criteria for mental illness. Understanding this individual variability may reveal factors driving the risk for mental illness, as well as factors driving subclinical problems that still adversely affect quality of life. To better understand the large-scale brain network mechanisms underlying this variability, we examined the relationship between mental health symptoms and resting-state functional connectivity patterns in cognitive control systems. One such system is the fronto-parietal cognitive control network (FPN). Changes in FPN connectivity may impact mental health by disrupting the ability to regulate symptoms in a goal-directed manner. Here we test the hypothesis that FPN dysconnectivity relates to mental health symptoms even among individuals who do not meet formal diagnostic criteria but may exhibit meaningful symptom variation. We found that depression symptoms severity negatively correlated with between-network global connectivity (BGC) of the FPN. This suggests that decreased connectivity between the FPN and the rest of the brain is related to increased depression symptoms in the general population. These findings complement previous clinical studies to support the hypothesis that global FPN connectivity contributes to the regulation of mental health symptoms across both health and disease.

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Narrative review of mental illness in cricket with recommendations for mental health support

BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine ◽

10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000910 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. e000910

Author(s):

Thomas McCabe ◽

Nicholas Peirce ◽

Paul Gorczynski ◽

Neil Heron

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Alcohol Use ◽

Mental Health Services ◽

Health Services ◽

Unmet Need ◽

Narrative Review ◽

Mental Health Symptoms ◽

Health Symptoms ◽

Anxiety Depression

IntroductionEpidemiology reporting within the cricketing medical literature has emerged over the past 2 years, with a focus on physical injuries. Despite mental health in elite sport gaining increasing recognition, few studies have addressed mental health symptoms and disorders within cricket. Recently, cricketers have been prominent in the mainstream media describing their lived experiences of mental illness. As a result, some have withdrawn from competition and suggested there is an unmet need for mental health services within the sport.Objectives(i) To appraise the existing evidence on mental health symptoms and disorders amongst cricketers. (ii) To provide guidance on shaping mental health research and services within cricket.DesignA narrative review of the literature from inception of available databases until 26 July 2019, with analysis and recommendations.ResultsFive studies were included in this narrative review. Studies covered a range of mental health symptoms and disorders, including distress, anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance, suicide, adverse alcohol use, illicit drug use, eating disorders and bipolar disorder. Results indicated that cricketers are at high risk for distress, anxiety, depression and adverse alcohol use. When compared with the general population, cricketers are more likely to experience anxiety and depressive symptoms. Rates of suicide were proposed to be high for test cricketers. Overall, studies to date have been of low quality, demonstrating non-rigorous research methods. Some studies have relied on non-validated questionnaires to collect self-reported data on mental health symptoms and disorders, while others have presented biographical data obtained through searches of the media.ConclusionsThe results of this narrative review highlight the lack of evidence underpinning mental health services for athletes within cricket. We suggest the following recommendations for future research and practice: (i) normalising mental health symptoms and disorders; (ii) working with and helping vulnerable demographic segments within the target population; (iii) designing and implementing early recognition systems of mental health symptoms and disorders; (iv) addressing the mental health needs of cricketers on a population basis.

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Parents With Mental Illness: Parental Coping Behavior and Its Association With Children's Mental Health

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.737861 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Marlit Sell ◽

Alina Radicke ◽

Bonnie Adema ◽

Anne Daubmann ◽

Reinhold Kilian ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Mental Disorder ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Coping Behavior ◽

Children's Mental Health ◽

Parental Coping ◽

Mental Health Symptoms ◽

Health Symptoms ◽

Parents With Mental Illness

The relevance of coping behavior for the individual's own mental health has been widely investigated. However, research on the association between coping of parents with a mental illness and their children's mental health is scarce. In the current study, we address the role of several parental coping strategies and their relation to child psychological symptoms. As part of the German randomized controlled multicenter study CHIMPS (children of mentally ill parents), parents with mental illness completed questionnaires on illness-related coping and child mental health symptoms. Children's diagnoses of a mental disorder were assessed with diagnostic interviews. The sample comprised n = 195 parents with mental illness and n = 290 children and adolescents aged 4–18 years. We conducted mixed models to investigate the associations of parental coping strategies with internalizing and externalizing symptoms as well as the diagnosis of a mental disorder in children controlling for sociodemographic factors and parental symptom severity. Parental coping characterized by religiosity and quest for meaning was significantly associated with fewer mental health symptoms and lower odds of a mental disorder in children, whereas a depressed processing style was related to increased internalizing problems in the children. Coping behavior in parents with mental illness is a relevant factor for the mental health of their children and should be considered in preventive interventions.

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Estimating the number of adults with severe and persistent mental illness who have complex, multi-agency needs

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/0004867416683814 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 51 (8) ◽

pp. 799-809 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Harvey Whiteford ◽

Bill Buckingham ◽

Meredith Harris ◽

Sandra Diminic ◽

Emily Stockings ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Anxiety Disorders ◽

Severe Mental Illness ◽

Psychotic Disorders ◽

High Impact ◽

Service Needs ◽

Income Support ◽

Health And Wellbeing ◽

Persistent Mental Illness

Objective: A population health approach to mental health service planning requires estimates that align interventions with the needs of people with mental illness. The primary objective was to estimate the number of people in Australia living with severe and persistent mental illness who have complex, multi-agency needs. The secondary objective was to describe the possible service needs of individuals with severe mental illness. Methods: We disaggregated the estimated 12-month prevalence of adults with severe mental illness into needs-based sub-groups, using multiple data sources. Possible service needs of 1825 adults with psychotic disorders and 334 adults with severe past-year affective and/or anxiety disorders were described using data from the 2010 Survey of High Impact Psychosis and 2007 National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing, respectively. Results: Using best available data, we estimated that 3.3% of adults experience a severe mental illness each year, of whom one-third (1.1% of adults) experience a persistent mental illness that requires ongoing services to address residual disability. Among those with severe and persistent mental illness, one-third of adults (0.4% or 59,000 adults in 2015) have complex needs requiring multi-agency support to maximise their health, housing, social participation and personal functioning. Survey of High Impact Psychosis data indicated that among adults with psychotic disorders, use of accommodation (40%), non-government (30%) services and receipt of income support (85%) services were common, as were possible needs for support with socialising, personal care and employment. National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing data indicated that among individuals with severe affective and anxiety disorders, receipt of income support (37%) was common (information on accommodation and non-government support services was not available), as were possible needs for financial management and employment support. Conclusion: Agreed indicators of complex, multi-agency needs are required to refine these estimates. Closer alignment of information collected about possible service needs across epidemiological surveys is needed.

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