scholarly journals Comparison between Invasive and Non-invasive Streptococcus agalactiae Isolates from Human Adults, Based on Virulence Gene Profile, Capsular Genotype, Sequence Type, and Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Maeda ◽  
Yoshiko Takayama ◽  
Tomohiro Fujita ◽  
Daisuke Taniyama ◽  
Yuzo Tsuyuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Gene Profile ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Human Adults ◽  
Genotype Sequence ◽  
Virulence Gene Profile

scholarly journals Whole genome sequencing-based detection of antimicrobial resistance and virulence in non-typhoidalSalmonella entericaisolated from wildlife

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milton Thomas ◽  
Gavin John Fenske ◽  
Sudeep Ghimire ◽  
Ronald Welsh ◽  
Akhilesh Ramachandran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
The United States ◽  
Gene Profile ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
Whole Genomes ◽  
Virulence Gene Profile

AbstractThe aim of this study was to generate a reference set ofSalmonella entericagenomes isolated from wildlife from the United States and to determine the antimicrobial resistance and virulence gene profile of the isolates from the genome sequence data. We sequenced the whole genomes of 103Salmonellaisolates sampled between 1988 and 2003 from wildlife and exotic pet cases that were submitted to the Oklahoma Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Stillwater, Oklahoma. Among 103 isolates, 50.48% were from wild birds, 0.9% was from fish, 24.27% each were from reptiles and mammals. 50.48% isolates showed resistance to at least one antibiotic. Resistance against the aminoglycoside streptomycin was most common while 9 isolates were found to be multi-drug resistant having resistance against more than three antibiotics. Determination of virulence gene profile revealed that the genes belonging to csg operons, the fim genes that encode for type 1 fimbriae and the genes belonging to type III secretion system were predominant among the isolates. The universal presence of fimbrial genes and the genes encoded by pathogenicity islands 1-2 among the isolates we report here indicates that these isolates could potentially cause disease in humans. Therefore, the genomes we report here could be a valuable reference point for future traceback investigations when wildlife is considered to be the potential source of human Salmonellosis.

Serological diversity, molecular characterisation and antimicrobial sensitivity of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) isolates from broiler chickens in Kashmir, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 338
Author(s):  
S. N. Magray ◽  
S. A. Wani ◽  
Z. A. Kashoo ◽  
M. A. Bhat ◽  
S. Adil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Gene Profile ◽  
Avian Pathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Virulence Gene Profile

The present study has determined the serological diversity, virulence-gene profile and in vitro antibiogram of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) isolates from broiler chickens in India suspected to have died of colibacillosis. The virulence-gene profile of APEC was compared with that of the Escherichia coli isolates from faeces of apparently healthy chickens, called avian faecal E. coli (AFEC). In total, 90 representative isolates of APEC and 63 isolates of AFEC were investigated in the present study. The APEC were typed into 19 serogroups, while some isolates were rough and could not be typed. Most prevalent serogroup was O2 (24.44%). Among the eight virulence genes studied, the prevalence of seven genes (iss, iucD, tsh, cva/cvi, irp2, papC and vat) was significantly higher in APEC than in AFEC isolates. However, there was no significant difference between APEC and AFEC isolates for possession of astA gene. The most frequent gene detected among the two groups of organisms was iss, which was present in 98.88% and 44.44% of APEC and AFEC isolates respectively. The in vitro antibiogram showed that the majority (96.6%) of APEC isolates were resistant to tetracycline, while 82.2% were resistant to cephalexin, 78.8% to cotrimoxazole, 68.8% to streptomycin and 63.3% to ampicillin. However, most of them (84.45%) were sensitive to gentamicin. Thus, it is concluded that APEC from the broiler chickens carried putative virulence genes that attributed to their pathogenicity. Furthermore, the majority of APEC isolates were found to be multi-drug resistant, which, in addition to leading treatment failures in poultry, poses a public health threat.

scholarly journals Multidrug-Resistant Streptococcus agalactiae Strains Found in Human and Fish with High Penicillin and Cefotaxime Non-Susceptibilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1055
Author(s):  
Carmen Li ◽  
Dulmini Nanayakkara Sapugahawatte ◽  
Ying Yang ◽  
Kam Tak Wong ◽  
Norman Wai Sing Lo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Novel Mutation ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Surveillance Studies ◽  
Penicillin Binding Proteins ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

Penicillin non-susceptible Streptococcus agalactiae (PEN-NS GBS) has been increasingly reported, with multidrug-resistant (MDR) GBS documented in Japan. Here we identified two PEN-NS GBS strains during our surveillance studies: one from a patient’s wound and the other from a tilapia. The patient’s GBS (H21) and fish GBS (F49) were serotyped and tested for antibiotic susceptibility. Whole-genome sequencing was performed to find the sequence type, antimicrobial resistance genes, and mutations in penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) and fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance genes. H21 and F49 belonged to ST651, serotype Ib, and ST7, serotype Ia, respectively. H21 showed PEN and cefotaxime minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 2.0 mg/L. F49 showed PEN MIC 0.5 mg/L. H21 was MDR with ermB, lnuB, tetS, ant6-Ia, sat4a, and aph3-III antimicrobial resistance genes observed. Alignment of PBPs showed the combination of PBP1B (A95D) and 2B mutations (V80A, S147A, S160A) in H21 and a novel mutation in F49 at N192S in PBP2B. Alignment of FQ-resistant determinants revealed mutation sites on gyrA, gyrB, and parC and E in H21. To our knowledge, this is the first report of GBS isolates with such high penicillin and cefotaxime MICs. This raises the concern of emergence of MDR and PEN-NS GBS in and beyond healthcare facilities.

Genetic diversity, phylogroup distribution and virulence gene profile of pks positive Escherichia coli colonizing human intestinal polyps

2017 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 274-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meysam Sarshar ◽  
Daniela Scribano ◽  
Massimiliano Marazzato ◽  
Cecilia Ambrosi ◽  
Maria Rita Aprea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Gene Profile ◽  
Intestinal Polyps ◽  
Virulence Gene Profile

scholarly journals A comparative survey between non-systemic Salmonella spp. (paratyphoid group) and systemic Salmonella Pullorum and S. Gallinarum with a focus on virulence genes

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 1064-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudete S. Astolfi-Ferreira ◽  
Marcelo R.S. Pequini ◽  
Luis F.N. Nuñez ◽  
Silvana H. Santander Parra ◽  
Ruy Chacon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Gene Profile ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Salmonella Pullorum ◽  
Comparative Survey ◽  
Virulence Gene Profile

ABSTRACT: A comparative survey between non-systemic (paratyphoid Salmonellae) and systemic (S. Pullorum and S. Gallinarum) Salmonella strains was performed to produce a virulence gene profile for differentiation among the groups. The following virulence genes were evaluated: invA, spvC, sefC, pefA, fimY, sopB, sopE1, stn and avrA. There are substantial differences among paratyphoid Salmonellae, S. Pullorum, and S. Gallinarum regarding the genes sefC, spvC, sopE1 and avrA. A higher frequency of sefC, spvC, sopE1 and avrA genes were detected in S. Gallinarum and S. Pullorum when compared with strains from the paratyphoid group of Salmonella. These results may be useful for differentiating among different groups and serotypes.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Campylobacter species in milk and milk products, their virulence gene profile and antibiogram

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivani Modi ◽  
M. N. Brahmbhatt ◽  
Y. A. Chatur ◽  
J. B. Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Gene Profile ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Campylobacter Species ◽  
Virulence Gene Profile

scholarly journals Virulence gene profile and antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis in Kashmir, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 893-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazima Nazir ◽  
Shakil Ahmed Wani ◽  
Qazi Nyrah ◽  
Shaheen Farooq ◽  
Mir Nadeem Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Virulence Gene ◽  
Gene Profile ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Pathogenic Factors ◽  
Mastitic Milk ◽  
Resistance Rates

The Staphylococcus aureusis often responsible for a number of diseases in humans and animals, and it is considered as a main etiological agent of bovine mastitis. The pathogenicity of S. aureus is due to both its ability to resist antibiotics, and the production of toxins. This study investigated virulence genes, prevalence and antibiogram profile of S. aureus isolated from dairy cows suffering from mastitis in the Kashmir. A total of 70 S. aureus isolates were obtained from 250 mastitic milk samples collected from both organized (47/150) and unorganized (23/100) dairy farms. Five pathogenic factors including clfA, hld, seo, lukM, and coa and one resistance gene mecAgene were checked through PCR. Clumping factor gene (clfA) was found in most of the isolates with a percentage of 81.42 % whereas,hld, seo, lukM, and coa were present in 61.2, 54.28, 70, and 71 percent of isolates, respectively. However, amplification of coagene yielded DNA bands of two different sizes. A high percentage of antimicrobial resistance rates were observed, wherein, Ampicillin showed highest resistance with 85.7 %, followed by Kanamycin, Cefotaxime, Sulphadizine and Streptomicin showing 71.42 %, 54.28 %, 51.48 % and 42 %, respectively. A high frequency of Methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA 28.57 %) was observed in these isolates and all methicillin resistant isolates were found to be positive for mecA gene via PCR amplification. These results revealed that mastitis-associated S. aureus among bovines of Kashmir is able to accumulate different virulence factors and resistance to antimicrobials, making the treatment of infections difficult.

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