COMBINED SKIMMER-BARRIER HIGH SEAS OIL RECOVERY SYSTEM1

1977 ◽  
Vol 1977 (1) ◽  
pp. 375-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome H. Milgram ◽  
Richard A. Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Hydraulic Drive ◽  
Vertical Motion ◽  
Design Criterion ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Hydraulic Power ◽  
Recovery System ◽  
The Waves ◽  
The U.S ◽  
High Seas

ABSTRACT This paper describes the development of an oil recovery system to be used in conjunction with the U.S. Coast Guard's high seas oil containment barriers. The system was tested at the EPA's OHMSETT facility in 1975. Its oil recovery capability was shown to be good, with promise for yet better recovery when used on a large spill. Operational practicality was demonstrated in sea trials during May 1976, when the barrier was string towed, catenary towed, and moored in a tidal current. Because of the difficulty of handling large or complicated equipment in offshore conditions, a major design criterion was that the system be as simple as possible. Weir skimmers are particularly simple, but collection of more oil than water or air requires that the weirs follow the vertical motion of the waves. Simplicity and efficiency were achieved by utilizing the wave-following ability of the Coast Guard barrier design. Weirs were built into six struts at the center of a length of barrier, so that barrier deployment results in simultaneous skimmer deployment. To recover oil, it is only necessary to attach pump hoses to the barrier. Three double-acting diaphragm pumps are used. These self-priming pumps were specifically designed to pass any debris that can enter through the three-inch diameter suction hoses. Hydraulic drive was chosen so the pumps could be powered by the Coast Guard's ADAPTS diesel-engine-driven hydraulic power units.

SELF-CONTAINED OIL RECOVERY SYSTEM FOR USE IN PROTECTED WATERS

1983 ◽  
Vol 1983 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Steven Cohen ◽  
Stephen Dalton
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Recovery System ◽  
Water Separator ◽  
Speed Range ◽  
Environmental Test ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Rapid Deployment ◽  
The U.S

ABSTRACT The U.S. Coast Guard's success with the high seas skimming barrier prompted the development of a smaller, half-scale version for use in protected bays and harbors. The smaller version (SCOOP) enables more rapid deployment with significantly fewer people. Individual components of the system include a 65-foot section of skimming barrier with redesigned skimming struts, 200 feet of containment boom, two 30-foot work boats for storage, transport, and operation of the system, trailers to carry the boats to the scene, and an oil recovery system including double-acting diaphragm pump, gravity-type oil-water separator, and 750-gallon collapsible storage bags. In tests at the Environmental Protection Agency's Oil and Hazardous Materials Simulated Environmental Test Tank (OHMSETT) facility, the SCOOP exhibited recovery efficiencies between 30 percent and 60 percent over a speed range of 0.5 to 1.75 knots. The oil recovery rate was between 30 and 70 gallons per minute over the same speed range. At speeds below 0.9 knots there were no losses of oil from the boom. The system has been delivered to the Coast Guard Gulf Strike Team in Bay St. Louis, Mississippi, where it is being evaluated through use in routine spill response operations and exercises.

Testing of a High Seas Oil Recovery System

1973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank A. March ◽  
Robert L. Beach
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Recovery System ◽  
High Seas

scholarly journals MEREDOSIA OIL TERMINAL—THE ILLINOIS RIVER FLOODS A TANK FARM

1981 ◽  
Vol 1981 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Tanos
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Illinois River ◽  
Tank Farm ◽  
Fuel Tanks ◽  
Recovery Effort ◽  
Spilled Oil ◽  
The U.S

ABSTRACT Rising waters on the Illinois River during April 1979 caused breaks in the levee near Meredosia, Illinois. The swollen river flooded 10,000 acres of farmland, as well as the asphalt storage tank farm of the Meredosia Oil Terminal. The 35 tanks within the terminal included several multimillion gallon tanks of hot asphalt, as well as those containing the diesel fuel for the heating system. The floodwater reached a depth of 12 feet and the hydrostatic pressure of the rising waters lifted the diesel fuel tanks and toppled them. Thousands of gallons of oil spilled from the vents at the top of the tanks, or from the broken pipelines at their bases. A westerly wind moved the oil out over the flooded farmland. The terminal operator's resources were depleted after long efforts to prevent the levee breaks. The spill-ctonainment dike around the tank farm was underwater, so several thousand feet of floating containment boom was brought in to surround the tank farm. A Marco Class self-propelled skimmer was flown in by the U.S. Coast Guard Strike Force. However, inspections on the second day revealed that much of the oil had diffused out over the floodwater and did not appear to be recoverable. Response forces concentrated on the spilled oil within the tank farm and the potential of teh toppled and floating tanks. After 3 days of cleanup, a brief, violent storm blew oily debris back to the terminal from across the lake. Now a massive debris recovery effort was begun in addition to the oil recovery. Cleanup efforts continued for 51 days, until by June 4, 1979, the floodwaters had dropped below the tank farm's spill-containment dike.

Raising the Drawbridge to Cuba

2019 ◽  
pp. 101-122
Author(s):  
David Scott FitzGerald
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Remote Control ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
The United States ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Willingness To Accept ◽  
Immigration Laws ◽  
The U.S ◽  
High Seas ◽  
At Home

U.S. policies toward Cubans have oscillated between periods of welcome and restriction embedded in an overall trajectory of restriction. The biggest difference between the treatment of Haitian and Cubans was that only Cubans seeking protection were granted realistic legal paths to enter the United States through visa waivers for air passengers, relaxation of enforcement of immigration laws, more robust asylum screening on the high seas, and in-country processing programs for dissidents and other programs guaranteeing slots in the immigration stream. The favorable treatment of Cubans shows that even tens of thousands of asylum seekers arriving over the course of a few months did not threaten the capacity of the United States to provide sanctuary for those facing persecution at home. The Cuban case also challenges the conceptualization of remote control. Remote control’s efficacy is highly dependent on collaboration by other governments, such as Cuba’s willingness to accept Cubans intercepted at sea by the U.S. Coast Guard.

OHMSETT RESEARCH OVERVIEW, 1979–1980*

1981 ◽  
Vol 1981 (1) ◽  
pp. 661-666
Author(s):  
John S. Farlow ◽  
Richard A. Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Oil Emulsions ◽  
Oil Debris ◽  
The University ◽  
The U.S

ABSTRACT This paper presents an overview of the 1979–1980 work performed at the OHMSETT spill research facility of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The experiences of these 2 years are discussed in the light of the purpose and objectives of OHMSETT, as is the probable direction of research there during the coming years. Foremost among the objectives has been the evaluation and advancement of the state of the art for spill response. The bulk of the effort at OHMSETT, therefore, has been toward testing and investigating ways to improve equipment. This paper briefly summarizes the results of 12 equipment performance evaluations, 2 new equipment development programs, and an experimental oil weathering program. The equipment evaluated was the U.S. Coast Guard high speed “zero relative velocity” skimmer prototype; the Sapiens Sirene skimming system; the Hydrovac System sweeper arm; the Soviet harbor oil/debris skimmer; the Oil Mop remote skimmer prototype; the Versatile Bennett Arctic skimmer prototype; the Petro-Fiber, Oljesanering, AB Sorbent Distribution/Recovery System; the Global Oil Recovery (DiPerna) skimmer; the Clean Atlantic Associates Fast Response Open Sea Skimming System; the University of Lowell oil gelation system; the Peabody Meyers Corp. Vactor air conveyor; and a Coleman Environmental Pollution Control Equipment Co. vacuum truck. The equipment developed was the Johnson sampler for stratified liquids and the Johnson high speed skimmer. Several new areas of work are anticipated for the near future. These include evaluation of cleanup equipment in the presence of ice, increased emphasis on testing at spills-of-opportunity, a study of some of the problems associated with high viscosity water-in-oil emulsions, testing separators and pumps for spill response, increased emphasis on smaller skimmers, and further testing with hazardous materials.

scholarly journals The Marine Salvage Industry: Proven in Preventing Oil Spills

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 684710
Author(s):  
Jim Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
New Policies ◽  
The U.S

Abstract The marine salvage industry plays a vital role in protecting the marine environment. Governments, industry and the public, worldwide, now place environmental protection as the driving objective, second only to the safety of life, during a marine casualty response operation. Recognizing over 20 years after the passage of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 that the effectiveness of mechanical on-water oil recovery remains at only about 10 to 25 percent while the international salvage industry annually prevents over a million tons of pollutants from reaching the world's oceans, ten years ago the United States began implementing a series of comprehensive salvage and marine firefighting regulations in an effort to improve the nation's environmental protection regime. These regulations specify desired response timeframes for emergency salvage services, contractual requirements, and criteria for evaluating the adequacy of a salvage and marine firefighting service provider. In addition to this effort to prevent surface oil spills, in 2016, the U.S. Coast Guard also recognized the salvage industries advancements in removing oil from sunken ships and recovering submerged pollutants, issuing Oil Spill Removal Organization (OSRO) classification standards for companies that have the capabilities to effectively respond to non-floating oils. Ten years after the implementation of the U.S. salvage and marine firefighting regulatory framework, this paper will review the implementation of the U.S. salvage and marine firefighting regulations and non-floating oil detection and recovery requirements; analyze the impacts and effectiveness of these new policies; and present several case studies and recommendations to further enhance salvage and oil spill response effectiveness.

Oil Recovery on the High Seas

1973 ◽  
Vol 1973 (1) ◽  
pp. 351-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
James T. Leigh
Keyword(s):  
Current Efficiency ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Oil Removal ◽  
Rotating Disc ◽  
Sea State ◽  
Wave Conditions ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
High Seas

ABSTRACT Two prototype oil recovery systems currently under construction are described. Design goals for the systems include air transportability, recovery of a complete range of oil types at 2000 gpm in a sea state 4, use with a Coast Guard developed boom and Coast Guard boats and ships. One system utilizes a rotating disc-drum for oil removal. The drum is mounted in a unique catamaran which utilizes inflatable pontoon hull sections. Oil recovery rate is dependent on viscosity, slick thickness, current and wave conditions. In all conditions efficiency is expected to approach 100 percent. The second system utilizes a wave conforming weirbasin. Oil recovery rate is primarily dependent on slick thickness and current. Efficiency is expected to approach 100 percent for all conditions.

UNITED STATES COAST GUARD HIGH SEAS OIL CONTAINMENT SYSTEM (HSOCS)*

1975 ◽  
Vol 1975 (1) ◽  
pp. 365-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel J. Dennis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
United States Coast Guard ◽  
Technical Description ◽  
Containment System ◽  
The U.S ◽  
High Seas

ABSTRACT A detailed technical description of the High Seas Oil Containment System (HSOCS), presently being procured by the U.S. Coast Guard for operational use, is presented. Fifteen of the systems are scheduled for completion of delivery by March 1974. Each of the major subsystems of the HSOCS is described in detail. The HSOCS will be part of the equipment inventory of the Coast Guard Strike Teams of the National Strike Force for use in response to major oil spills on the high seas.

AN OFFSHORE MECHANIZED SORBENT OIL RECOVERY SYSTEM USING VESSELS OF OPPORTUNITY

1977 ◽  
Vol 1977 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-254
Author(s):  
Donald E. Brunner ◽  
James J. Der ◽  
Donald Hall
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Surface Currents ◽  
High Wind ◽  
Experimental Prototype ◽  
Recovery System ◽  
Vessel Motion ◽  
Offshore Oil ◽  
The Waves ◽  
Theoretical Analyses

ABSTRACT An experimental prototype offshore oil recovery system for use on vessels of opportunity has been developed by the Civil Engineering Laboratory under the sponsorship of the Navy's Supervisor of Salvage. The system is based on the concept of mechanized broadcasting, harvesting and recycling of polyurethane sorbent chips. A two-component, drop-type sorbent broadcaster was designed to uniformly distribute the sorbent in the high wind and wave conditions expected in the open ocean. Theoretical analyses of vessel motion indicated the harvester can be rigidly mounted to a barge-type vessel but that at least vertical articulation is required when mounted on an offshore work boat. The experimental prototype was functionally tested at sea without oil. The tests indicated that the waves and surface currents generated by the vessel can increase the interaction between the sorbent and the oil and enhance the sorption process. The tests also aided in identifying the characteristics of the sorbent required for use in a system of this type.

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