SECOND GENERATION OIL SPILL AND MARITIME SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS NOW OPERATIONAL IN SWEDEN

1983 ◽  
Vol 1983 (1) ◽  
pp. 349-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Backlund ◽  
Lars Holmström
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Microwave Radiometer ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Maritime Surveillance ◽  
Camera Systems ◽  
Wide Range

ABSTRACT A new multisensor, integrated oil spill and maritime surveillance system now is in operational use by the Swedish Coast Guard. The system, developed by the Swedish Space Corporation, is based on experience with prototype side-looking airborne radar (SLAR), infrared/ultraviolet (IR/UV), and camera systems which were tested and operated between 1978 and 1981. The new system comprises second-generation, integrated SLAR, IR/UV, and camera systems together with supporting equipment for quick-look documentation and data recording. Sensor imagery is presented in real time on a television display. The system has been designed and optimized exclusively for maritime surveillance. The result is high performance at a very competitive price. Low weight and power consumption permit installation in a wide range of aircraft. System components such as an imagery link, a microwave radiometer and a TV-camera system are under development and will be added in the near future.

MONITORING AN OIL SPILL EXPERIMENT WITH THE SWEDISH MARITIME SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM

1985 ◽  
Vol 1985 (1) ◽  
pp. 597-602
Author(s):  
Olov Fäst
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Space Shuttle ◽  
Microwave Radiometer ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Synthetic Aperture ◽  
Sensing System ◽  
Maritime Surveillance ◽  
Thickness Measurements ◽  
Further Development

ABSTRACT As part of the long-term agreement between the Swedish Coast Guard and the Swedish Space Corporation concerning further development of the airborne remote sensing system for maritime surveillance, a scanning microwave radiometer for oil spill thickness measurements has been integrated into the system. An overview of the capabilities of the system is given. Registrations of one experimental oil spill using all the different sensors are presented, with emphasis on the microwave radiometer registrations. Further experiments will be carried out, notably in conjunction with synthetic aperture radar registrations from the space shuttle.

AIRBORNE OIL SPILL SURVEILLANCE SYSTEMS IN SWEDEN

1979 ◽  
Vol 1979 (1) ◽  
pp. 305-311
Author(s):  
Lars Backlund
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Airborne Radar ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Technical Evaluation ◽  
Navigational System ◽  
Line Scanner ◽  
Space Activities

ABSTRACT Two different oil spill surveillance systems have been developed by the Swedish Space Corporation for the Swedish Coast Guard and the Swedish Board for Space Activities. These systems are installed in two Coast Guard Cessna 337 aircraft. One of the systems is based on a side looking airborne radar, developed by L. M. Ericsson Telephone Company under contract to the SSC, and the other on a Daedalus infrared/ultraviolet line scanner. Both systems generate real-time imagery on a television monitor. In addition to the remote-sensing equipment, both aircraft have a Decca tactical air navigational system and a camera system on board. The technical evaluation and field testing of the two surveillance systems was carried out during 1978. The systems gradually will be put into operational use by the Swedish Coast Guard for coastal surveillance.

scholarly journals MULTIAXIAL INVESTIGATION OF PVC FOAMS AND ANALYSIS OF THE DEFORMATION MECHANISM BY 3D-DIC

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Francesca Concas ◽  
Stefan Diebels ◽  
Anne Jung
Keyword(s):  
Deformation Mechanism ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Deformation Bands ◽  
Pure Torsion ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Strain Fields ◽  
Failure Data ◽  
Closed Cell ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pure Compression

Closed-cell polyvinylchloride (PVC) foams are widely used as core for sandwich composites for applications, in which multiaxial loads are involved. In the present work a wide range of uniaxial (tension, compression and torsion) and multiaxial experiments (both simultaneous tension-torsion and compression-torsion) were conducted on a high performance PVC foam. Failure data for each experiment were collected and depicted in the invariants plane. The whole cylindrical surface of the specimen was monitored by means of an 8-camera-system, strain fields were obtained by 3D-DIC. Hence, the occurrence and the evolution of deformation bands were inspected. The usage of an 8-camera system was essential for the observation of the deformation mechanism, especially for pure compression, pure torsion and combined axial load-torsion, in which the arising of deformation bands is affected by the occurrence of buckling and the orthotropy of the foam.

Recent developments in picosecond streak camera systems

1980 ◽  
Vol 298 (1439) ◽  
pp. 295-302 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Streak Camera ◽  
Image Intensifier ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Automatic Data ◽  
Camera Systems ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Streak Tube ◽  
Better Than

A simple, compact, high performance streak camera system, using a new streak tube with a microchannel plate as an electron image intensifier, has been developed. The system consists of a streak camera and an automatic data acquisition system with a silicon intensified target vidicon camera and a video analyser employing a microcomputer. First of all, the basic concept for designing the streak tube is discussed, comparing performances of the new tube with those of a streak tube followed by an image intensifier tube. The recent progress of the development of the tubes including ultraviolet, infrared and X-ray streak tubes is also presented. Performance characteristics of the streak camera system, such as temporal resolution of better than 10 ps (f.w.h.m.) in a linear dynamic range of better than 100 at relatively small jitter of approximately ± 50 ps, are also presented.

Improving Planning Standards for the Mechanical Recovery of Oil Spills on Water

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
pp. 1772-1783
Author(s):  
Drew Casey ◽  
John Caplis
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Environmental Enforcement ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Mechanical Recovery

ABSTRACT As observed during several recent major oil spills, most notably the BP Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill, the current regulatory planning standard for mechanical recovery equipment has been often scrutinized as an inadequate means for vessel and facility plan holders to calculate their oil spill equipment needs. Effective Daily Recovery Capacity, or EDRC, was developed during a negotiated rulemaking process following the enactment of the Oil Pollution Act of 1990. During an IOSC 2011 Workshop sponsored by the American Petroleum Institute (API), the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE), and the U.S. Coast Guard, there was general agreement among workshop participants that EDRC is not an accurate planning tool for determining oil spill response equipment needs. In addition, many attendees agreed that EDRC should account for the skimmer system as a whole, not individual skimmer components such as pump nameplate capacity. In 2012, the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE) and the U.S. Coast Guard initiated and completed a third-party, independent research contract to review the existing EDRC regulations and make recommendations for improving planning standards for mechanical recovery. The contractor's final report methodology is based on oil spill thickness as a fundamental component in calculating mechanical recovery potential, and it emphasizes the importance of response time on-scene and storage for recovered oil. This research provides a more realistic and scientific approach to evaluating skimmer system performance, and more accurately accounts for a wide range of operating conditions and external influences. The federal government, with input from the oil industry, OSRO community, and other interested stakeholders, now has a sound methodology to serve as a starting point for redesigning the current planning standard that more accurately reflects skimmer system performance.

scholarly journals INTEGRATED REMOTE SENSING SYSTEM FOR MARITIME SURVEILLANCE OPERATIONAL IN ITALY

1989 ◽  
Vol 1989 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto L. Geraci ◽  
Ferdinando Lolli
Keyword(s):  
Data Transmission ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Sensing System ◽  
Maritime Surveillance ◽  
Operator Console ◽  
System Operator ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Further Development

ABSTRACT A multisensor system was integrated into the P.166-DL3 Piaggio aircraft that was selected for maritime surveillance by the Italian Merchant Marine Ministry for the Coast Guard. Four aircraft equipped with such a system are now operational in Italy. Sensors include bispectral scanner, FLIR system, aerial camera system, surveillance system operator console, and related facilities. In addition, four more aircraft have been purchased, and will be in operational use in the very near future with an improved sensor system. Current Coast Guard plans are to have 12 aircraft operational for maritime surveillance; further development will include in-flight data transmission and ground data processing capabilities.

SHIPBOARD NAVIGATIONAL RADAR AS AN OIL SPILL TRACKING TOOL1

1989 ◽  
Vol 1989 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-121
Author(s):  
E. J. Tennyson
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Radar Detection ◽  
Wide Range

ABSTRACT The utility of shipboard navigational radar as an oil spill tracking tool was evaluated in a wide range of sea states during an intentional oil spill exercise off Nova Scotia in September 1987. Specially tuned ship's radar onboard the Canadian Coast Guard Cutter Mary Hitchens was able to detect slicks of five barrels of spilled crude oil during periods of fog, rain, and darkness. Slicks were detectable in winds ranging from less than 10 knots up to more than 30 knots. There appeared to be a correlation between slick thickness and the capability for radar detection. This paper explores the observed limits of radar for detection during the exercise.

DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE SUPPORT TO SPILL RESPONSE OPERATIONS

1993 ◽  
Vol 1993 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald L. Ducey ◽  
Ann Hayward Walker
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Department Of Defense ◽  
Task Force ◽  
National Guard ◽  
Federal Agency ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Exxon Valdez ◽  
Loma Prieta Earthquake ◽  
Disaster Relief Operations ◽  
Wide Range

ABSTRACT The Department of Defense (DOD), operating through the Directorate of Military Support in the Department of the Army, supports state, local and other federal agency response operations in a wide range of natural and man-caused emergencies. Examples within the past six years include the Ashland Oil tank collapse in Floreffe, Pennsylvania, Exxon Valdez cleanup, Loma Prieta earthquake, hurricanes Hugo and Andrew, Mexico City earthquake, Armero (Columbia) volcanic eruption, and Puerto Rico floods and mudslides. From March 24 to September 27, 1989, the period of the Exxon Valdez initial cleanup operations, DOD provided military and civilian personnel, U. S. Navy ships for housing response workers, cargo and medical evacuation aircraft (fixed wing and helicopters), skimmers, modified dredges, landing craft, Dracones, Zodiak boats, radios, computers, and other miscellaneous equipment. This was in addition to assets of the Alaska Army and Air National Guard, which were committed by the governor. Support was provided to the U. S. Coast Guard on-scene coordinator and supervised by the Alaska Oil Spill Joint Task Force. The General Accounting Office, in its January 1990 report, Federal Costs Resulting from the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill, estimated that DOD spent $62.8 million through September 30, 1989, the largest expenditure by any federal agency. Use of military resources is a realistic scenario in certain situations. Primary responders at the federal and state level should understand how to request and employ these assets. This paper provides a background on DOD support to disaster relief operations, and discusses the types of support available to agencies responding to natural or man-caused emergencies, request and approval mechanisms, the Department of Defense organization to provide support, and reimbursement of the department.

The thinking eye

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray Surette
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cctv Surveillance ◽  
First And Second Generation ◽  
Generation Surveillance

PurposeTo discuss and review the shift to computer enhanced self‐monitoring CCTV surveillance systems of public spaces and the social implications of this shift.Design/methodology/approachA review of the research and evaluation literature concerning CCTV surveillance systems culling out the history of public space CCTV systems and the concerns associated with first and second generation CCTV surveillance.FindingsThe main difference between first and second generation surveillance is the change from a “dumb camera” that needs a human eye to evaluate its images to a computer‐linked camera system that evaluates its own video images. Second generation systems reduce the human factor in surveillance and address some of the basic concerns associated with first generation surveillance systems such as data swamping, boredom, voyeurism, and profiling. Their enhanced capabilities, though, raise new concerns, particularly the expansion of surveillance and its intrusiveness.Research limitations/implicationsAdditional research is needed to assess CCTV surveillance on a set of social dynamics such as informal guardianship activities by citizens.Practical implicationsThe adoption of computer‐enhanced CCTV surveillance systems should not be an automatic response to a public space security problem and their deployment should not be decided simply on the technology's availability or cost.Originality/valueThis paper provides a concise overview of the concerns associated with first generation CCTV surveillance and how the evolution of computer‐enhanced CCTV surveillance systems will alter and add to these concerns. For researchers it details research questions that need to be addressed. For practitioners and government officials considering the use of public space CCTV surveillance it provides a set of issues that should be considered prior to system adoption or deployment.

scholarly journals A fast calibration approach for onboard LiDAR-camera systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 172988142090960
Author(s):  
Shang Erke ◽  
Dai Bin ◽  
Nie Yiming ◽  
Xiao Liang ◽  
Zhu Qi
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Navigation ◽  
Camera System ◽  
Camera Systems ◽  
Field Environment ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Independent Calibration ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Calibration Approach ◽  
Robot Platform

Outdoor surveillance and security robots have a wide range of industrial, military, and civilian applications. In order to achieve autonomous navigation, the LiDAR-camera system is widely applied by outdoor surveillance and security robots. The calibration of the LiDAR-camera system is essential and important for robots to correctly acquire the scene information. This article proposes a fast calibration approach that is different from traditional calibration algorithms. The proposed approach combines two independent calibration processes, which are the calibration of LiDAR and the camera to robot platform, so as to address the relationship between LiDAR sensor and camera sensor. A novel approach to calibrate LiDAR to robot platform is applied to improve accuracy and robustness. A series of indoor experiments are carried out and the results show that the proposed approach is effective and efficient. At last, it is applied to our own outdoor security robot platform to detect both positive and negative obstacles in a field environment, in which two Velodyne-HDL-32 LiDARs and a color camera are employed. The real application illustrates the robustness performance of the proposed approach.

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